AIX DG-UX FreeBSD

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A Sysadmin's Unixersal Translator (ROSETTA STONE) OR What do they call that in this world?
Contributions and corrections gratefully accepted. Please help us fill in the blanks. New "tasks" are welcome, too! Framed version. PDF version. (Print the PDF version with landscape orientation for best result.) Based on Pat Wilson's version. OS versions in parentheses; e.g. 10+ means version 10 and greater; 9- means version 9 and previous. $=extra cost

If not specified, commands are in one of the following directories: /usr/bin, /usr/sbin, /sbin Categories: hardware, firmware, devices disks kernel, boot, swap software, patching, tracing, networking security, backup logging TASK \ OS OS notes smit administrative GUI smitty wsm managing users AIX Darwin The Open Source foundation for Mac OS X, descended from NeXTStep Aqua: System Preferences, NetInfo Manager sysadm

files, volumes references DG-UX FreeBSD HP-UX IRIX Linux

(rh) = Red Hat, Mandrake, Suse,... (deb) = Debian, Storm, Progeny, Corel,...

NetBSD

OpenBSD

SCO OpenServer (UnixWare 7.1)

Solaris

SunOS

Tru64 (Digital Unix, OSF/1) (4)= 4.0F/G (5)= 5.0A checklist (5) sysman

Ultrix

OS / TASK OS notes

/stand/sysinstall

sam

/usr/sysadm/bin/sysmgr (6.3+) toolchest /usr/Cadmin/bin/* /usr/Cadmin/bin/cpeople

linuxconf yast2 (Suse) /usr/sbin/{useradd,userdel} dmesg (if you're lucky) /proc/cpuinfo /proc/pci /proc/meminfo /proc/interrupts /proc/ioports /dev/nvram (if you have it) hwclock modprobe kerneld insmod /dev/st0 xf86config

scoadmin

list hardware configuration

prtconf lscfg lsattr lsdev

ioreg -bls

dg_sysreport -g hardware

dmesg cat /var/run/dmesg.boot

ioscan dmesg (if you're lucky) adb model stm (from the SupportPlus CDROM) setboot bootadmin (at boot PROM) stm insf -H hwpath (where hwpath is given by ioscan)

hinv

dmesg cat /kern/msgbuf

dmesg

hwconfig hw scoadmin/DCU /usr/lib/X11/testtools/ z35SysInfo

solstice admintool smc (8 01/01+) /usr/sbin/{useradd,userdel} prtconf -v /usr/platform/`uname -i`/sbin/prtdiag -v (sun4u and sun4d only) dmesg (if you're lucky) psrinfo -v isainfo -v dmesg iostat -En eeprom

administrative GUI

uerf -R -o full dia -R full (5) hwmgr -show devices

uerf -R -o full (if you're lucky)

list hardware configuration

show/set EEPROM/NVRAM bootlist -o -m normal values add device without cfgmgr -v reboot

nvram

nvram printenv/setenv (at command monitor)

openprom (on OpenFirmware architectures)

(4.0D+) consvar (3.2.*) scu scan edt (4.0) scu scan edt; disklabel -rw rzXX label (for disks) (5.x) dsfmgr -k; disklabel -rw dskn auto (5.x) /dev/ntape /dev/tape

show/set EEPROM/NVRAM values add device without reboot

(automatic autdodiskmounter)

scsiha -pr ioconfig -f /hw /dev/tape /dev/nrtape

mkdev

devfsadm. pre-Solaris 7, use: drvconfig; devlinks; {disks, tapes, ports} /dev/rmt/0 kdmconfig (x86) prtvtoc 2 format format fmthard /kernel/genunix /platform/`uname -m`/ kernel/unix /platform/`uname -m`/ kernel/sparcv9/unix (7+) sysdef cat /etc/system /usr/sbin/ndd adb -k who -r installboot /usr/platform/`uname -m`/lib/fs/ufs/bootblk raw_device_file /etc/rc* /etc/init.d/ /etc/.login swap -s swap -l ufs Solstice DiskSuite Veritas Volume Manager /etc/rc* dkinfo c format

tape device X kvm config read a disk label whole disk in partition label a disk lspv -l N/A mkvg Disk Utility (non-root partitions are mounted under /Volumes) (labels unused) admpdisk admpdisk -o list admvdisk -o list disklabel -r c fdisk disklabel -wr sysinstall fdisk sysinstall pvcreate diskinfo pvdisplay

/dev/rct0 hwconfig disklabel -r d (on i386) c (everything else) fdisk -r OR disklabel -rl c disklabel -wr fsname /dev/1s# (#=0,1,...)

tape device X kvm config

prtvtoc 10 dvhtool fx -x fx

fdisk -l

disklabel -r c disklabel -rw

chpt -q c chpt -a

read a disk label whole disk in partition label a disk

partition a disk

mklv

pdisk

admpdisk

sam

cfdisk fdisk e2label parted (if you have it) fdisk pdisk (on a MAC) /boot/vmlinuz /boot/bootlx

disklabel -wr

disklabel

fdisk -e OR disklabel -E

format

disklabel -e

chpt -p

partition a disk

kernel

/unix

/dgux

/kernel

/hpux (9) /stand/vmunix (10+)

/unix

/netbsd

/bsd

/unix

/vmunix

/vmunix

/vmunix

kernel

show/set kernel parameters show runlevel

/usr/samples/kernel/vmtune (installed with the bos adt.samples fileset) /usr/sbin/no (network-related) who -r (runlevels unused)

/boot/kernel.conf sysctl /etc/sysctl.conf who -r

sam sysdef kmtune (11+) who -r mkboot

systune

/proc/* /proc/sys/* /sbin/runlevel

/etc/sysctl.conf

/etc/conf/cf.d/configure -x

dxkerneltuner sysconfig who -r (4.x+) disklabel -rw -t [ufs|advfs]

show/set kernel parameters show runlevel make disk bootable

who -r dvhtool

who -r

make disk bootable bosboot -a /System/Library/StartupItems/*, /etc/rc* /Library/StartupItems/, /etc/rc* ls -l /var/vm ufs hfs+

startup scripts csh global .login check swap space "normal" filesystem volume-based filesystem

/etc/rc*

/etc/rc* /usr/local/etc/rc.d/

/etc/rc* (9) /sbin/rc* (10+) /sbin/init.d/ /etc/csh.login swapinfo hfs

/etc/rc* /etc/init.d/ swap -s swap -l efs, xfs

/etc/rc* (but may vary) /etc/init.d/ cat /proc/meminfo free ext2

/etc/rc*

/etc/rc*

/etc/rc*

/sbin/init.d; links in /sbin/rc?.d

/etc/rc*

startup scripts csh global .login

lsps -a jfs

admswap -o list -buv swapinfo dg_sysreport -p freeswap dg/ux ufs ccd vinum

swapctl ffs (was ufs)

swapctl ffs (was ufs)

swap -l htfs

pstat -s 4.2

swapon -s (4) ufs (5) AdvFS Advfs LSM ufs

check swap space "normal" filesystem volume-based filesystem

jfs

jfs (vxfs) /etc/checklist (9) /etc/fstab (10+) /usr/sbin/vg* lv* pv* extendfs fsadm

xlv, xvm, xfs

ccd, raidframe

ccd

vdisk /etc/mnttab /etc/default/filesys /etc/vfstab (local) /etc/rmtab (remote)

file system description

/etc/filesystems

NetInfo

/etc/fstab

/etc/fstab

/etc/fstab

/etc/fstab

/etc/fstab

/etc/fstab

/etc/vfstab (local) /opt/VRTSvxva/bin/vxva (Veritas) /usr/opt/SUNWmd/ sbin/metatool (DiskSuite) newfs mkfs

/etc/fstab

/etc/fstab AdvFS: /etc/fdmns AdvFS: mkfdmn, mkfset, addvol, showfdmn LSM: volassist or volmake, volume, volplex and volsd, volprint AdvFS: mkfdmn UFS: newfs MFS: mfs

/etc/fstab

file system description

volume manipulation

smitty vg smitty lvm smitty jfs

Disk Utility / pdisk

sysadm

vinum

xlv_mgr xvm

volume manipulation

create filesystem

crfs truncate -s size[K|M|G] filename dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=size[b|k|m|g] \ count=desired (automatic autdodiskmounter) mount /cdrom mount_cd9660 /dev/acd0? /cdrom

mkfs

create filesystem

create non-0-length lmktemp empty file

prealloc

mkfile

dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired

dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired

dd if=/dev/zero of=filenmae bs=1024 count=desired

mkfile

dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired

create non-0-length empty file

mount CDROM

mount /cdrom smitty cdrom

pfs_mountd pfsd pfs_mount

(mounts automatically when CD inserted) mount /cdrom

mount -t cd9660 -r /dev/cd0a /path

mount /dev/cd0 path

/etc/init.d/vold start; volcheck or mount -F hsfs /dev/sr0 /cdrom /etc/dfs/dfstab /etc/exports /etc/exports

mount CDROM

NFS share definitions NFS share command name resolution order show network interface info

/etc/exports /etc/xtab

NetInfo

/etc/exports

/etc/exports

/etc/exports

/etc/exports

/etc/exports

/etc/exports

/etc/exports

NFS share definitions NFS share command name resolution order show network interface info

/usr/sbin/exportfs -a

kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` NetInfo /etc/host.conf

exportfs -a

exportfs -a 6+: /etc/nsswitch.conf 5.3: /etc/resolv.conf ifconfig -a netstat -ia

/etc/init.d/nfs-server reload (rh) exportfs -a /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/resolv.conf

kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid`

exportfs -a /etc/nfs start /etc/resolv.conf ifconfig -a netstat -in Network Config. Mgr. (GUI)

share shareall /etc/nsswitch.conf ndd ifconfig -a netstat -in (8+) kstat -n hme0 | egrep 'ifspeed|duplex' edit: /etc/{resolv.conf, hosts, hostname.*, nodename, dumpadm.conf, net/*/hosts} /usr/sbin/sys-unconfig; reboot ping hostname packetsize 1 /etc/defaultrouter

exportfs -a

/sbin/init.d/nfs start; /sbin/init.d/nfsmount start /etc/svc.conf ifconfig -a netstat -in

/etc/netsvc.conf

/etc/nsswitch.conf lanadmin landiag lanscan netstat -in

ifconfig -a no -a

ifconfig -a

ifconfig -A

/sbin/ifconfig

ifconfig -a

ifconfig -A

change network address

smitty chinet

System Preferences: Network NetInfo

sysadm

edit /etc/rc.conf (option ifconfig_interfacename)

/sbin/set_parms initial

edit: /etc/{hosts, sys_id, resolv.conf, TIMEZONE}, /etc/config/{static-route.options, ifconfig-1.options}; reboot ping -c 1 hostname /etc/config/ static-route.options /etc/issue

(rh) edit: /etc/hosts, /etc/sysconfig/network, edit /etc/ifconfig.interface /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 dhclient (deb) edit /etc/network/interfaces; /etc/init.d/networking restart ping -c 1 hostname (rh) /etc/sysconfig/network (rh) /etc/sysconfig/static-routes (deb) /etc/init.d/network (deb) /etc/network ping -c 1 hostname

ifconfig edit /etc/hostname.driver netconfig

(4.x) netsetup (5.x) sysman net_wizard or netconfig /usr/sbin/ping -c 1

change IP

ping one packet

ping -c 1 hostname netstat -r smitty route /etc/security/login.cfg

ping -c 1 hostname

ping -s -c 1 hostname

ping -c 1 hostname edit /etc/rc.conf (option defaultrouter)

ping hostname 10 1 (9) ping hostname -n 1 (10+) /etc/rc.config.d/netconf

ping -c 1 hostname netstat -r

ping -c 1 hostname

ping hostname packetsize 1

ping one packet

route definitions telnetd, ftpd banner encrypted passwords in allow/deny root logins

sysadm

netstat -r route show /etc/notrouter /etc/default/telnetd /etc/default/ftpd

/etc/routes

route definitions telnetd, ftpd banner

/etc/security/passwd

NetInfo

/etc/shadow

/etc/master.passwd /etc/login.access; /etc/ttys

/etc/passwd (not Trusted) /secure/etc/passwd (Trusted 9) /tcb/files/auth/ (10+) /etc/securetty

/etc/shadow

/etc/shadow (may vary)

/etc/master.passwd (/etc/pwd.db)

/etc/master.passwd (/etc/pwd.db) /etc/ttys

/etc/shadow

/etc/shadow

/tcb/files/auth (only with Enhanced Security) /etc/securettys

/etc/shadow

encrypted passwords in allow/deny root logins

/etc/security/user

/etc/ttys (doesn't affect ssh)

/etc/default/login

/etc/default/login

/etc/securetty

/etc/ttys

/dev/default/login

/etc/default/login

show installed software

lslpp -L smitty install_all

ls /Applications

pkginfo

pkg_info

rmfn, what (HP-UX 9) swlist (HP-UX 10+)

versions showfiles

(rh) rpm -a -i (rh) rpm -qa (deb) dselect (deb) dpkg -l (rh) rpm -hiv (deb) dselect (deb) apt-get install pkg (deb) dpkg -i www.linux.org/ linux.tucows.com

pkginfo

pkg_info

swconfig displaypkg pkginfo custom installpkg SCOadmin (GUI)

pkginfo prodreg admintool

setld -i

show installed software

add software

precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware C compiler

/usr/lib/instl/sm_inst installp_cmd -a -d 'device' '-c' '-N' '-g' '-X' aixpdslib.seas.ucla.edu/ aixpdslib.html http://fink.sourceforge.net/ www-frec.bull.com/ docs/download.htm /usr/ibmcxx/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc (hacked gcc)

/stand/sysinstall /usr/ports make pkg_add ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/.0/ FreeBSD/ports/i386/ packages-4.0-release

swinstall

inst swmgr

pkg_add /usr/pkgsrc && make

pkg_add /usr/ports && make

pkgadd

setld -l

add software

http://hpux.cs.utah.edu/ http://hpux.connect.org.uk/ /opt/softbench/bin/cc ($) /bin/cc (9) /usr/bin/cc (10+; not ANSI; kernel builder only) swlist -l product | grep someStringOfInterest update (9) swinstall (10+) trace (freeware) tusc (11+, freeware) /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log

freeware.sgi.com www.sgi.com/fun /opt/MIPSpro/ bin/cc ($) /usr/bin/cc versions -b | grep patch (6.4-) uname -R (6.5+) inst par

ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/packages/

http://www.sco.com/opensource/ http://www.sunfreeware.com/

www.tru64unix.compaq.com/ demos tpegsrvr.zk3.dec.com/ freeware/tbl_packages.html /usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc dupatch -track -type kit dupatch -track -type patch setld -i | grep patchname setld -i dupatch trace trace truss (4.x+) /var/adm/messages /var/adm/syslog.dated (kern, auth, daemon, lpr, syslog, user) /var/adm/binary.errlog (4.x) uerf; dia (DECevent) (5.x) (System errors) EVM (evmget; evmshow) (Hardware errors) dia; ca (Compqaq analyze)

precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware C compiler

/usr/sde/default/usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc (gcc)

gcc

/usr/bin/cc

/usr/bin/cc

/usr/bin/cc

/opt/SUNWspro/ bin/cc ($) showrev -p prodreg (2.6+) patchadd -p installpatch (2.5.1-) patchadd (2.6+) pkgadd truss sotruss /var/log/syslog

show patch level and/or patches patch tool tracing utility

instfix -ivq installp smitty update_all trace syscalls /var/adm/syslog

Apple:About This Mac ls /Library/Receipts System Preferences / Software Update ktrace dg_sysreport -p patches

uname -a (cvsup or cvs to update, then rebuild) ktrace truss /var/adm/messages /var/log/messages

(rh) rpm -q (deb) dpkg -s (deb) apt-get update (deb) apt-get upgrade strace /var/log/syslog /var/log/messages

cat /kern/version

swconfig -P

show patch level and/or patches patch tool tracing utility

cvs ktrace

cvs/CTM ktrace ptrace /var/log/messages traceroute /usr/adm/syslog /var/adm/log/osmlog

default syslog

/var/log/system.log

/var/adm/SYSLOG sysmon amsyslog availmon eventmond imdmonitor syserrpanel

/var/log/messages

default syslog

system error reporting tool

errpt

Console /var/log/crash.log, dmesg

admsyslog -o report

dmesg

dmesg sysdiag (9 and early10) stm/cstm/mstm/xstm (10.20+)

dmesg

dmesg cat /kern/msgbuf

dmesg

dmesg

prtdiag

dmesg

uerf

system error reporting tool

mailing list

AIX-L@pucc. princeton.edu (LISTSERV) www.marist. edu/htbin/wlvindex? ADSM-L comp.unix.aix www.thp.uni-duisburg.de/ cuaix/cuaix.html

http://lists.apple.com/

mailing list archives newsgroup(s) groups.google user groups magazines

http://lists.apple.com/

www.freebsd.org/ handbook/ eresources.html #ERESOURCES-MAIL www.freebsd. org/ search.html# mailinglists comp.unix.bsd. freebsd.misc

hpux-admin@ dutchworks.nl (majordomo) www.dutch works.nl/ htbin/hpsysadmin comp.sys.hp.hpux www.interex.org/ comp.sys.sgi.admin

www.linux.org/ help/lists.html

www.netbsd.org/ MailingLists

www.openbsd.org/ mail.html

tru64-unix-man decstation-man sun-managers@sunmanagers sun-managers@sunmanagers agers@ornl.gov (majordomo) agers@ornl.gov .ececs.uc.edu (majordomo) .ececs.uc.edu (majordomo) http://www.ornl.gov/its/archives/ (majordomo) mailing-lists/ www.latech. edu/sunman.html comp.sys.sun. admin, comp.unix.solaris www.latech. edu/sunman.html comp.sys.sun admin www-archive. ornl.gov:8000 www-archive. ornl. gov:8000

mailing list

www.netbsd.org/ MailingLists comp.unix.bsd. netbsd.misc

www.openbsd.org/ mail.html comp.unix.bsd. openbsd.misc

mailing list archives newsgroup(s) groups.google user groups magazines

comp.os.linux.* (esp .answers) www.deadly.org/

comp.unix.sco.misc

comp.sys.dec, comp.unix.tru64 Encompass/DECUS

comp.unix.ultrix

http://www.developer. ibm.com/library/aixpert/ www.rs6000.ibm.com

http://www.macworld.com/ www.dg.com/products html/dg_ux.html

vendor home page

http://www.apple.com/

vendor docs and patches

techsupport.services. ibm.com/support/rs6000

http://www.apple.com/support/ security/security.html

http://www.hpchronicle.com/ http://www.daemonnews.com/ http://www.interex.org/hpuxusr/ http://www.sgi.com/support/pipeline.html http://www.linuxjournal.com/ http://www.hppro.com/ www.unixsolutions.hp.com/ www.sgi.com/software/ www.linux.org/ http://www.freebsd.org/ products/hpux software.html#IRIX www.redhat.com/ techpubs.sgi.com www.freebsd.org/handbook docs.hp.com www.sgi.com/ www.linuxdoc.org/ www.freebsd.org/releases/ itrc.hp.com support/patch_intro.html rpmfind.net/linux/RPM 4.0R/errata.html support.sgi.com 800-633-3600 800-800-4SGI

http://www.daemonnews.com/

http://www.scoworld.com/

http://www.sunworld.com/

http://www.tru64.org/ http://www.tru64unix .compaq.com/ www.tru64unix .compaq.com/docs/

http://www.netbsd.org/

http://www.openbsd.org/

http://www.sco.com/

http://www.sun.com/solaris/

www.supelec.fr/decus/ vendor home page faq/faq-ultrix.html vendor docs and patches

www.netbsd.org/ Security

www.openbsd.org/docum.html

http://www.sco.com/support/

docs.sun.com sunsolve.sun.com

AIX: 800-237-5511 vendor phone (US) IBM hardware: 800-426-7378 TASK / OS AIX

1-800-MY-APPLE

800-USA-4SUN

800-344-4825 Tru64 (Digital Unix, OSF/1) (4) 4.0F/G (5) 5.0A

800-344-4825

vendor phone (US)

Darwin

DG-UX

FreeBSD

HP-UX

IRIX

Linux

NetBSD

OpenBSD

SCO OpenServer (UnixWare 7.1)

Solaris

SunOS

Ultrix

OS \ TASK

See also Heiner Steven's AWK dialects page at http://www.oase-shareware.org/shell//articles/awkcompat.html This page is http://home.earthlink.net/~bhami/rosetta.html last updated 2001.08.12. This compilation Copyright 2001 Bruce Hamilton bhami@pobox.com. Reproduce freely for personal use. Do not reproduce for commercial purposes.