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Red Hat Linux 5.1

Chun b ci t
Ci t CDRom:
y l cch ci t nhanh nht v n gin nht khi my bn c a CDRom. Bn khi ng bng a mm Dos c sn cc driver iu khin CDRom (ng nhin l phi c cc dng lnh np driver trong Autoexec.bat v Config.sys). Sau a a CD Linux 5.1 vo ri tin hnh ci t theo phng thc gi l Autoboot.

Ci t cng:
Chp b ci t (ton b th mc RedHat trn a CD gc) ln 1 partition trn cng (td: partition Dos) ri ci h iu hnh ny vo 1 partition khc dnh ring cho n. Trong trng hp ci t a cng, bn cn to a mm gi l Supplemental Diskette nh sau: * Bn khi ng Dos, a a CD Linux vo CD v a a mm 1.44Mb format sn vo a mm. * Chuyn n CDRom, td: C:\>d: * Chuyn n th mc DosUtils, td: D:\>cd\dosutils * Chy lnh Rawrite, td: D:\dosutils>rawrite
* Rawrite s hi bn tn file cn thit to a mm, g a ch v tn file vo ch con nhy, td:

Enter disk image source file name: ..\images\supp.img Ch : Cc file to a mm c cha trong th mc Image ca a CD Linux * G tn a mm lm vic. Enter target diskette drive: a: * Nu bn mun lm tip a khc th tin hnh li nh trn.

Partition:
ci t v chy h iu hnh Red Hat Linux bn phi c ti thiu 1 (hay nhiu) partition dnh ring cho h iu hnh ny gi l Linux native. V 1 partition c bit gi l Linux swap. Bn khng th ci t h iu hnh ny ln partition Dos hay Windows. Ch : Trong qu trnh ci t Linux, bn s c cung cp chng trnh to, xa, thay i partition cho Linux. Swap partition dng to b nh o (virtual memory). Kch thc ti thiu ca swap partition nn chn tng ng vi b nh vt l (RAM), kch thc ti a l 127 MB. Bn c th to nhiu swap partition nu cn thit (my Server ln). Root partition (/). Cha cc file h thng cn thit cho vic khi ng (boot) v cc file cu hnh. Partition c kch thc t 50 MB n 100 MB. /usr partition dng cha phn mm Red Hat Linux s c ci t. Ty theo cc thnh phn (packages) cn ci t m chn kch thc t 300 MB n 700 MB.
/tmp partition dng lu tr cc file tm thi do cc chng trnh khi chy to ra. Partition ny nn c dung lng ln i vi cc my Server (network server) hay h thng c nhiu ngi s dng (multiuser systems). C th khng cn trn my c nhn (single-user workstations).

Ti liu hng dn:

Trc khi ci t, nu cc bn rnh ting Anh th c th tham kho cc ti liu hng dn (trnh by theo dng HTM) cha trong th mc DOC trn a CD gc.

Ci t t CDROM:
Khi ng:

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Bn khi ng bng Dos (t a mm hay a cng u c) v ci t driver iu khin CDRom ci Linux trc tip t a CD cho nhanh. a cng c th khng cn fdisk v format trc. Sau khi khi ng xong chuyn con nhy sang CDRom, vo th mc Dosutils ri chy file Autoboot.bat. Th d: C:\>d: D:\>dosutils D:\dosutils>autoboot.bat

Chn ngn ng hin th:

Trong hp thoi chn ngn ng (Choose a Language), bn dng phm mt tn di chuyn vt sng, bm phm Tab di chuyn gia cc mc v nt bm. Sau khi chn xong bm Enter.

Chn ngn ng cho bn phm:

Sau khi chn la, bm Enter. Ch : Sau ny nu bn mun thay i ngn ng bn phm, bn cn dng lnh /usr/sbin/kbdconfig.

H tr PCMCIA:
Nu bn c thit b PCMCIA, bn phi tr li YES v c th c yu cu a a driver vo ci t b sung.

Chn ngun ci t:

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Trong th d ny, ta chn Local CDRom ci Linux trc tip t a CD. Nu CDRom ca bn theo chun IDE, Chng trnh s nhn din c a v tip tc ci t. Nu a CDRom thuc cc chun khc th chng trnh s khng t nhn din c v i hi cc bn phi t ch nh trong cc hp thoi tip theo. Nu CDRom ca bn theo chun IDE nhng chng trnh khng nhn din c. Bn phi khi ng li chng trnh ci t ri nh lnh:
linux hdX=cdrom.

Thay th X bng 1 trong cc k t di y: a -- Nu CDRom gn vo ng IDE th 1 v c set l master. b -- Nu CDRom gn vo ng IDE th 1 v c set l slave. c -- Nu CDRom gn vo ng IDE th 2 v c set l master. d -- Nu CDRom gn vo ng IDE th 2 v c set l slave.

Ci mi hay nng cp:

Bn chn Install khi ci mi hay chn Upgrade nng cp khi trn my bn c Linux 2.0 hay mi hn.

Ci driver SCSI:
Bn chn Yes khi bn c Card SCSI, Hp thoi lit k danh sch driver s xut hin cho bn chn la. Chng trnh ci t c kh nng t nhn din c a s cc card SCSI hin c trn th trng.

To Partition cho Red Hat Linux:

Chng trnh ci t cung cp cho bn 2 tin ch chia a l:

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Disk Druid:
Cn gi l tin ch qun l a Red Hat Linux install-time. Bn c th to, xa partition ty theo

nhu cu v c th cho hiu lc (mount) hay v hiu ha (unmount) tng partition. * ngha cc ct trong phn Current Disk Partitions: Mount Point: Tn s dng ca partition s hiu lc (mount) khi ci t v chy Red Hat Linux. Device: Tn h thng ca partition. Requested: Kch thc ti thiu yu cu cho partition. Actual: Kch thc hin hnh ca partition. Type: Kiu qun l ca partition. * ngha cc ct trong phn Drive Summaries: Drive: Tn a cng. Geom [C/H/S]: Thng s ca a cng (s lng cylinders, heads, v sectors). Total: Dung lng cng. Used: Dung lng s dng. Free: Dung lng cha s dng. Bar Graph: th biu din t l dung lng s dng/tng dung lng. To partition (nt Add):

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Mount Point: Di chuyn vt sng n mc ny ri g tn s dng ca partition. Th d: root partition (/), Usr partition (/usr). Size (Megs): Ch nh dung lng ca partition (megabytes). Ch : Dng phm [Backspace] xa v g s mi. Growable?: Ch nh u tin cho dung lng ca partition ny khi chia a. Nhn phm [Space] nh du hay b du chn. Nu chn mc ny: Khi dung lng t do trn cng thiu, dung lng partition u tin s c gi nguyn v cc partition khc s b thu nh li. Khi dung lng t do trn cng d, partition u tin s chim ht phn d ny. Type: Ch nh kiu qun l partition. Allowable Drives: Ch nh a s to partition mi (nu c nhiu a). Ok: Tin hnh to partition. Cancel: Hy b vic to mi. Ch : Trong trng hp khng th to c partition mi, chng trnh s cho hin th thng bo li. Bn phi xa partition ny i ri to li.

Xa partition (nt Delete): xa partition, bn chuyn vt chn n partition trong phn Current Disk Partitions ri chn nt Delete. Bm nt [Space]. Bn s c yu cu xc nhn li. Thay i partition (nt Edit): thay i partition , bn chuyn vt chn n partition trong phn Current Disk Partitions ri chn nt Edit. Bn s c a vo hp thoi Edit New partition ging nh khi to mi. Ch : i vi partition c, bn ch thay i c tn s dng (mount point) ca partition. Nu bn mun thay i cc chi tit khc, bn phi xa partition c v to li partition mi. Kt ni vi a mng (Add NFS):

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kt ni vi cc a ca my Server, bn bm nt F2 (Add NFS).Trong hp thoi Edit Network Mount Point bn cn nhp tn NFS server, ng dn ca a mng (NFS Path) v tn s dng trn my bn (mount point). Hon tt: Sau khi hon tt vic chia a v t tn cho cc partition (ch nhng partition t tn mi s dng c), bn chn nt OK ri bm phm Space tr v mn hnh ci t.

Ch : ci Linux bn phi c ti thiu 1 Partition Linux native c t tn / (root) v 1 partition Linux swap (khng cn t tn).

Fdisk:
Tin ch ny linh ng hn Disk Druid nhng phc tp v i hi bn phi c kinh nghim khi s dng. Trong hp thoi Partition Disks, bn chn a (nu c nhiu a) ri chn nt Edit cu hnh (chy Fdisk) v chn nt Done khi hon tt.

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Vi iu cn bit v Fdisk:

Bm phm M xem thng tin tr gip. Bm phm P xem danh sch partition hin hnh. Bm nt N to partition. Bm nt W save v thot. Bm nt Q thot m khng save.

Chn Swap:
Chng trnh ci t yu cu bn ch nh a Swap s dng trong qu trnh ci Linux. Bn dng phm Space nh du chn partition Swap. Nu bn mun kim tra b mt a th

chn thm mc Check for bad blocks during format (tc ci t s chm bt). Ch : Chng trnh s ngng ci t nu khng tm thy partition swap.

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Bn dng phm Space nh du cc partition cn phi format (nu bn nng cp th khng cn phi format cc partition c). Nu bn mun kim tra b mt a th chn thm mc Check for bad blocks during format (tc ci t s chm bt).

Chn la cc thnh phn ci t: Chn nhm:

Hp thoi Components to Install cho php bn la chn cc nhm chng trnh cn ci t. Bn dng phm Space chn hay b chn.

chn tng chng trnh trong nhm, bn nh du chn mc Select individual packages.

Chn ring l:
Bn chn nhm chng trnh trong hp thoi Select Group, bm OK

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nh du chn tng chng trnh ring l trong nhm hp thoi Select Packages ri bm OK. Bn c th xem m t tnh nng ca tng chng trnh bng cch chn chng trnh ri bm phm F1. Ch : C mt s chng trnh khi chy cn phi lin kt vi cc chng trnh khc, khi bn chn nhng chng trnh ny s c 1 hp thoi nhc nh bn ci thm cc chng trnh lin kt.

Cu hnh Mouse:
Chng trnh s t ng d tm ra mouse trn a s my. Trong trng hp khng d tm ra, bn s phi t khai bo trong cc hp thoi k tip. Nu mun thay i cu hnh mouse sau khi ci t, bn dng lnh /usr/sbin/mouseconfig.

Chn mi gi:
Bn c th chn mi gi Asia/Sai Gon trong hp thoi Configure Timezone.

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Chn cc chng trnh khi khi ng:

Hp thoi Services cho php bn chn cc driver dch v s t ng chy mi khi khi ng

Linux. Bn chn dch v ri bm phm F1 xem m t v tnh nng ca dch v. Sau khi ci t bn c th thay i cc chn la ny khi dng lnh /usr/sbin/ntsysv hay /sbin/chkconfig.

Ci my in:
Kiu kt ni:

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Local: My in kt ni trc tip vi my tnh. Remote lpd/LAN Manager: My in dng chung trong mng.

t tn:

Name of queue: Tn s dng ca my in. Spool directory: tn th mc lm vic dnh cho my in.

Chn cng:

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Ch nh cng kt ni vi my in (/dev/lp0 = LPT1, /dev/lp1= LPT2). Ch : Nu ci my in mng, bn phi khai bo trong cc hp thoi ring.

Chn loi my in

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Bn chn loi my in trong hp thoi lit k danh sch (configure Printer).Cui cng l hp thoi chn kh giy v phn gii cho my in.

t Root Password:
Chng trnh ci t i hi bn thit lp Root Password (ti thiu phi di 6 k t), Password

ny c dng Login vo h thng ln u tin. Ch : Ngi s dng Root c coi nh l ngi qun l h thng (Superuser) do sau khi chy Linux ln u tin, bn c th xc lp cc account ngi s dng khc Login trong cc ln sau ( bo mt cho Root password).

To a mm khi ng:

Trong hp thoi Bootdisk bn c th ch nh cho chng trnh ci t toa mm khi ng.

Ci t LILO (LInux LOader):

Bn c th ci LILO (file h thng khi ng) vo 2 ni:

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Master Boot Record (MBR): Nu bn ch ci t 1 h iu hnh Linux . Sector u tin ca partition root: Nu bn c ci t chng trnh qun l Boot (System Commander hay OS/2's Boot Manager) c th khi ng bng nhiu h iu hnh. Ch : Linux cng cho php bn khi ng bng nhiu h iu hnh qua chn la trong hp

thoi Bootable Partition. Khi cha c kinh nghim s dng Linux, tt nht l chng ta khng ci mng v cng khng nn ci nhiu h iu hnh cng vi Linux. Sau khi hon tt ci t, my tnh s khi ng li

Logging in:
Sau khi boot li bn s thy hin th trn mn hnh: Red Hat Linux release 5.1 (Manhattan) Kernel 2.0.34 on an i586 login: Ln u tin chy Linux, bn phi login vi tn "root", y l tn ngi s dng c mi quyn hn vi h thng. Bnh thng tn ny dnh ring cho ngi qun l mng. login, bn g root (td: login:root) ri bm phm Enter. Tip theo dng Password: Bn g password to trong qu trnh ci t (trong khi g s khng c bt k du hiu no hin ra trn mn hnh bo mt) ri bm Enter. Khi mn hnh xut hin dng [rootYbigdog /root]#

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Coi nh bn hon tt login. Ti dng lnh ny bn c th g vo cc lnh c bn ca Linux (tng t giao din dng lnh Dos) hay vo giao din ha ca Linux bng cc g lnh startx (td: [rootYbigdog /root]#startx).