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Public Affairs OfficeMarch 15, 1968
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Marshall Space Flight Center
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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Marshall Space Plight Center, Alabama
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Phone: 876-1102, 876-1959
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ATURN
I
WORKSHOPThe National Aeronautics and Space Administration proposes to place itsembryonic space station
--
the Saturn I orbital workshop
--
into orbit in 1970to gain a better understanding of the requirements for a permanent man-madeisland in space.The orbital workshop or Saturn S-IVB spent stage experiment calls forchanging a propulsion stage into a living area after it has propelled itself intospace.In this project, the Saturn S-IVB stage's huge liquid hydrogen tank isto be first modified on the ground.These modifications will allow astronauts tochange the tank area into spacious living and working quarters once in space.The tank's 10,000 cubic foot interior is many times larger than any spacecraftflown thus far.The first orbital workshop mission
will
be 28 days, two weeks longer thanthe 14 day Gemini 7 mission which is the longest manned flight to date.NASA will launch the orbital workshop as the first of its Apollo Applicationsmissions.Saturn IB launch vehicles will loft the workshop and subsequentmanned Apollo spacecraft.AAP launch vehicles will become available when theyare not needed for the mainstream Apollo lunar landing effort.
Dr. George
E.
Mueller, associate administrator for Manned Space Flight,said the orbital workshop "will provide us with a major step towards an under
-
standing of the requirements for a space station.
"
He said the early development of long duration flight capability is clearly oneof the most important areas to be pressed forward, since it is a key requirementfor most of the possible significant advances in manned flight.Apollo Applicationsflights of several months duration will represent
a
significant increase in thenation's operational capabilities in s?ace arid will provide opportunities forimportant scientific and technological experimentation. An extended durationflight experiment is also necessary to provide a sound basis for those futuredecisions on manned programs of the greatest interest and potential.Theseinclude permanent manned facilities in ::pace or manned flights to the planets.Maximum economy
will
be achieved in the Apollo Applications effortthrough the
full
use and modification of Apollo spacecraft and Saturn launch vehicles.Until the orbital workshop idea developed, a spent stage in orbit wasconsidered to be useless.Today, based on detailed studies, the S-IVB spentstage is considered to be a flexible and economical resource, capable of fulfillinga variety of manned space program requirements at relatively low cost.The major pieces of new equipment being developed for the workshopexperiment are an airlock and multiple docking adapter. The airlock, beingbuilt for the Manned Spacecraft Center by McDonnell Douglas Corp., will allowastronauts to move from their spacecraft to the S-IVB stage without depressurizingeither.The docking adapter attached to the airlock provides
a
means of joiningtogether up to five payloads. The NASA-Mar shall Space Flight Center isdesigning and manufacturing the multiple docking adapter.
RAP CLUSTER
--
In this sketch the Saturn
I
orbital workshop
is
atbottom. Extending from the airlock (opposite the engine end)
is
themultiple docking adapter, to which is docked an Apollo command/service module and Apollo telescope mount.
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