Difference between Ipv4 and ipv6:

As the nternet address system reaches its end, nternet Protocol version 6 (Pv6) is replacing
the widel y used nternet Protocol Version 4 (Pv4).
nternet Protocol version 4, or Pv4 was designed in 1980s with a maximum of 4.1 billion
addresses to send data from one computer to another, but it reaches its end. To solve this, Pv6
is designed by increasing 32-bit to 128-bit address space.
How does an IPv6 address Iook Iike ( an exampIe of IPv6)
The Pv6 128-bit address is divided along 16-bit boundaries. 16-bit block in the address
converted to hexadecimal and delimited with colons.
2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334.
Pv6 can be simplified by removing the leading zeros within each 16-bit block.
IPv4 vs IPv6 : Difference
Pv4 addresses are 32-bit numbers, meaning that there are 4.3 billion possible addresses.
Pv6 addresses are 128-bit numbers, meaning that the number of possible addresses of 340
undecillion.
xampIe:
Pv4 address has 4 octets separated by decimals (for example, 59.93.88.169)
Pv6 uses hexadecimal system and each address is assigned a space of 16 bytes
(possibilities of 2
128
or 3.408 X 10
38 )
(example
2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334)

!; !;
Addresses are 32 bits (4 bytes)
in length.
Addresses are 128 bits (16
bytes) in length
Address (A) resource records in
DNS to map host names to IPv4
addresses.
Address (AAAA) resource records
in DNS to map host names to
IPv6 addresses.
Pointer (PTR) resource records
in the IN-ADDR.ARPA DNS
domain to map IPv4 addresses
to host names.
Pointer (PTR) resource records in
the IP6.ARPA DNS domain to
map IPv6 addresses to host
names.
IPSec is optional and should be
supported externally
IPSec support is not optional
Header does not identify packet
flow for QoS handling by routers
Header contains Flow Label field,
which Identifies packet flow for
QoS handling by router.
Both routers and the sending
host fragment packets.
Routers do not support packet
fragmentation. Sending host
fragments packets
Header includes a checksum. Header does not include a
checksum.
Header includes options. Optional data is supported as
extension headers.
ARP uses broadcast ARP request
to resolve IP to MAC/Hardware
address.
Multicast Neighbor Solicitation
messages resolve IP addresses
to MAC addresses.
Internet Group Management
Protocol (IGMP) manages
membership in local subnet
groups.
Multicast Listener Discovery
(MLD) messages manage
membership in local subnet
groups.
Broadcast addresses are used to
send traffic to all nodes on a
subnet.
IPv6 uses a link-local scope all-
nodes multicast address.
Configured either manually or
through DHCP.
Does not require manual
configuration or DHCP.
Must support a 576-byte packet
size (possibly fragmented).
Must support a 1280-byte packet
size (without fragmentation).
Network Sorcery is a great place to find RFC(s).
Refer
to http://www.networksorcery.com/enp/protocol/ipv6.htm andhttp://www.networksorcery.com/enp/prot
ocol/ip.htm links for related RFC(s) of IPv6 and IPv4 respectively.
Also there is good reference for Understanding IPv6 @http://technet.microsoft.com/en-
us/library/cc786127.aspx


WhaL ls lnLerneL
roLocol?
lnLerneL roLocol ls a seL of Lechnlcal
rules LhaL deflnes how compuLers
communlcaLe over a neLwork 1here are
currenLly Lwo verslons l verslon 4 (lv4)
and l verslon 6 (lv6)
WhaL ls lv4?
lv4 was Lhe flrsL verslon of lnLerneL
roLocol Lo be wldely used and accounLs
for mosL of Loday's lnLerneL Lrafflc 1here
are [usL over 4 bllllon lv4 addresses
Whlle LhaL ls a loL of l addresses lL ls
noL enough Lo lasL forever
WhaL ls lv6?
lv6 ls a newer numberlng sysLem LhaL
provldes a much larger address pool
Lhan lv4 amongsL oLher feaLures lL
was deployed ln 1999 and should meeL
Lhe world's l addresslng needs well lnLo
Lhe fuLure
WhaL are Lhe ma[or
dlfferences?
1he ma[or dlfference beLween lv4 and
lv6 ls Lhe number of l addresses
1here are 4294967296 lv4
addresses ln conLrasL Lhere are
340282366920938463463374
607431768211436 lv6 addresses
1he Lechnlcal funcLlonlng of Lhe lnLerneL
remalns Lhe same wlLh boLh verslons
and lL ls llkely LhaL boLh verslons wlll
conLlnue Lo operaLe slmulLaneously on
neLworks well lnLo Lhe fuLure 1o daLe
mosL neLworks LhaL use lv6 supporL
boLh lv4 and lv6 addresses ln Lhelr
neLworks
lor more lnformaLlon vlslL us aL wwwarlnneL or emall us aL lnfo[arlnneL
lnLerneL roLocol
verslon 4 (lv4)
lnLerneL roLocol
verslon 6 (lv6)
ueployed 1981 1999
Address Slze 32blL number 128blL number
Address lormaL
uoLLed ueclmal noLaLlon
19214923276
Pexadeclmal noLaLlon
3llLl2000234A800
012343678901A8Cu
reflx noLaLlon 19214900/24 3llLl2000234/48
number of Addresses 2
32
4294967296
2
128
340282366
920938463463374
607431768211436