Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DISADVANTAGES
-Inefficient land use -Farmers didnt experiment with new farming methods
CROP ROTATION
-Fields depleted of nutrients by one crop, were replenished by planting different crops -Fields not left inefficiently fallow
EFFECTS OF TEXTILE FACTORIES IN BRITAIN -Britains textile industry increased enormously -Majority of villagers forced to leave homes to find work in urban factories
Transportation
Transportation cont
Transportation
THE NEED FOR BETTER TRANSPORATION -Increased production increased need to transport goods quicker and cheaper -Pre-Industrial society used horses, mules, and dirt roads
INVENTIONS
-Stone led to asphalt roads -Canals -Railroad era ushered in with the Rocket in 1829
EFFECTS OF RAILROADS
-Railroads expanded rapidly throughout Britain -Cheaper transportation increased production and profits -Railways fueled other industries: coal, steam engines, iron, steel, and many manufactured products
Sailboat
Steamboat
Steam Train
GOVERNMENT
-Internal trade encouraged -Population was allowed to move around -Helped build canals and roads
SOCIAL FACTORS
-British society less rigid than other European countries
THE MIDDLE CLASS ~As more jobs became available the middle class grew. (bankers, merchants, lawyers, doctors, engineers, etc) ~Large houses ~Leisure time ~Fine clothes
CHANGES IN SOCIETY
~People became wage earners, dependant of others instead of themselves. ~Clocks replace seasons as peoples work cycle. ~Factories were full of rules, farms were not. ~Life became difficult and monotonous ~12 people in one room apartment ~Illness, death or unemployment meant starvation.
HOUSING
~Workers lived in very small houses on cramped streets ~Shared toilet facilities-open sewers ~Disease spread through contaminated water supply ~Chest diseases from the mines, cholera, typhoid & smallpox extremely common ~The greatest killer in the cities was tuberculosis ~By the late 19th century, 70 to 90% of the urban populations of Europe and North America had TB ~40% of working-class deaths in cities were from TB
CHILD LABOR ~Children as young as six years old worked hard hours for little or no pay ~Children sometimes worked up to 19 hours a day, with a one-hour total break ~Children were paid only a fraction of what an adult would get
In England and Scotland in 1788, 60% workers in cotton mills were children
DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE
~Life expectancy of children increased dramatically. ~75% children born in London died before the age of five in 1730s, but only 32% in 1820s ~Population of England by 1901was 30.5 million ~Massive urbanization and the rise of new great cities ~In 1717 Manchester - a market town of 10,000, by 1911 a city of 2.3 million
PICTOWORDS
Create a pictoword- symbolic representations of words or phrases that demonstrate the meaning of INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. Use at least 4 colors in your pictoword.
EXAMPLE: ESCA
LATIO
Roberts
Create a pictoword- symbolic representations of words or phrases that demonstrate the meaning of INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. Use at least 4 colors.