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  • Protein Synthesis

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    Alessandro Sodano
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    The document discusses several topics related to RNA processing and translation in eukaryotes. It first describes how introns are removed and exons are joined during RNA processing. It then explains that aminoacyl tRNA synthetases bond specific amino acids to their cognate tRNAs using ATP. Finally, it outlines the three main steps of translation - initiation, elongation, and termination - and some of the key proteins involved in each step, such as initiation factors, elongation factors, and termination factors.

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    The document discusses several topics related to RNA processing and translation in eukaryotes. It first describes how introns are removed and exons are joined during RNA processing. It then explains that aminoacyl tRNA synthetases bond specific amino acids to their cognate tRNAs using ATP. Finally, it outlines the three main steps of translation - initiation, elongation, and termination - and some of the key proteins involved in each step, such as initiation factors, elongation factors, and termination factors.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    16 views13 pages

    Protein Synthesis

    Uploaded by

    Alessandro Sodano
    The document discusses several topics related to RNA processing and translation in eukaryotes. It first describes how introns are removed and exons are joined during RNA processing. It then explains that aminoacyl tRNA synthetases bond specific amino acids to their cognate tRNAs using ATP. Finally, it outlines the three main steps of translation - initiation, elongation, and termination - and some of the key proteins involved in each step, such as initiation factors, elongation factors, and termination factors.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 13

    Introns and Exons

    I. RNA Processing in Eukaryotes

    STABILITY

    STABILITY

    tRNA Structure
    Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase

    Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases


    Enzymes which bond specific amino acids to their cognate tRNAs. There are 20 different synthetases, one for each amino acid. Covalent linkage through an ester bond (amino acid activation) requires ATP. tRNA linked to amino acid is charged.

    Ribosome Structure

    S = Svedberg, a measure of sedimentation in centrifuge

    III. Translation has 3 Steps, Each Requiring Different Supporting Proteins


    Initiation
    Requires Initiation Factors

    Elongation
    Requires Elongation Factors

    Termination
    Requires Termination Factor

    Overview of Prokaryotic Translation

    Initiation:
    1. Binding of initiation factors to small subunit. 2. Binding of first tRNA and mRNA to small subunit. 3. Binding of large subunit.

    Elongation:
    1. Binding of next tRNA using EFs at A site.
    EPA

    EPA

    EPA

    2. Peptide Bond formation between 2 amino acids.


    EPA

    EPA

    3. Translocation of ribosome.

    Termination:
    1. Binding of Release Factor to Stop Codon UGA, UAA, UAG. 2. Disassembly

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