COMPUTER AND INFORMATION PROCESSING CSC134 ASSIGNMENT 1 OUTPUT DEVICE (PRINTER) 1. 2. 3. 4.

GROUP MEMBER MATRIC NO Nur Mahfuzah Bt Mohamad 2010426222 Nurul Nasuha Bt Mansor 2010814302 Norzalena Bt Abd Hamid 2010414288 Fatin Farhana Bt Sopomo 2010622544 INSTRUCTORS NAME: PN.NURTIHAH BT MOHAMED NOOR

AS120_Diploma in Science UniversitiTeknologi MARA Perlis

CONTENTS

NO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

TITLE HISTORY EVOLUTION FEATURES FUNCTIONALITY MANUFACTURES ADVANTAGES INNOVATION

PAGE NO

INTRODUCTION OF OUTPUT
Output is data that has been processed into a useful form. That is, computers process data (input) into information (output). Users view or watch output on a screen, print it or

hear it through speakers, headphones, or earbuds. During working with a computer, a user will face four basic types of output : text, graphics, audio, and video. Usually, a single form of output, such as a Web page, includes more than one of these types of output. An output device is any hardware component that shares information to one or more people. Oftenly used output devices include display devices; printers; speakers; headphone, and earphones; data projectors; and interactive whiteboards.

WHAT IS PRINTER?????
A printer is a device that accepts text and graphic output from a computer and transfers the information to paper, usually to standard size sheets of paper. There are several types and styles of printers appear with different velocity, abilities, and printing methods. The four printer qualities of most interest to most users are: Colour: Colour is important for users who have to print pages for presentations or maps and other pages where colour is part of the information. Colour printers can also be set to print only in black-and-white. Colour printers are more expensive to operate since they use two ink cartridges (one colour and one black ink) that need to be replaced after a certain number of pages. Users who don't have a specific need for colour and who print a lot of pages will find a black-and-white printer cheaper to operate. Resolution: Printer resolution (the sharpness of text and images on paper) is usually measured in dots per inch ( dpi ). Most inexpensive printers provide sufficient resolution for most purposes at 600 dpi. Speed: If you do much printing, the speed of the printer becomes important. Inexpensive printers print only about 3 to 6 sheets per minute. Colour printing is slower. More expensive printers are much faster. Memory: Most printers come with a small amount of memory (for example, one megabyte ) that can be expanded by the user. Having more than the minimum amount of memory is helpful and faster when printing out pages with large images or tables with lines around them (which the printer treats as a large image).

HISTORY
In 1953, the first high-speed printer was developed by Remington-Rand for computer users. In 1938, a dry printing process called electrophotography usually called a Xerox was invented. The original laser printer called EARS was developed at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center starting from 1969 and fully completed in November, 1971. Xerox Engineer, Gary Starkweather invested Xerox copier technology adding a laser beamelectron to it to produce the laser printer. According to Xerox, "The Xerox 9700 Electronic Printing System, the earlier xerographic laser printer product, was introduced in 1977. The real ancestory from the original PARC "EARS" printer which trailblazer in laser scanning optics, image generation electronics, and page-formatting software, was the first product on the market to be enabled by PARC research." Based on IBM, the very first IBM 3800 was installed in the central accounting office at F. W. Woolworths North American data center in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1976." The IBM 3800 Printing System was the industrys first high-speed, laser printer. A laser printer that functions at speeds of more than 100 impressions-per-minute. It was the first printer to combine laser technology and electrophotography. In 1992, Hewlett-Packard released the popular LaserJet 4, the first 600 by 600 dots per inch resolution laser printer. In 1976, the inkjet printer was invented, but it took until 1988 for the inkjet to become a home consumer item with Hewlett-Parkard's release of the DeskJet inkjet printer.

EVOLUTION OF PRINTERS DURING 19-20 CENTURY

CHARACTERISTICS

NONIMPACT PRINTERS y Forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually stricking the paper.

INK-JET PRINTERS

Forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto a piece of paper.

PHOTO PRINTERS

Can print letter sized documents,users connect the photo printer to their computer and use it for all their printing needs.

LASER PRINTERS

y y y

Usually print at faster speeds than ink-jet printers. Speeds of 15 60 ppm. For larger business users print more than 150 ppm.

THERMAL PRINTERS

Have high print quality and can print at much faster rates than ink-jet and laser printers.

MOBILE PRINTERS

Small, lightweight, battery-powered printer that allows a mobile user to print from a
notebook computer.

PLOTTERS AND LARGE-FORMAT PRINTERS

Plotters  Used to produce high quality drawings such as blueprints, maps, and circuit diagrams.  Used in specialized fields such as engineering and drafting and usually are very costly.

Large format printer  Creates photo-realistic-quality colour print.  Used for signs, posters and other professional quality dislplays.  High cost, high performance printers.

IMPACT PRINTERS y Forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a mechanism against and inked ribbon that physically contacts the paper. y Ideal for printing multipart forms because they easily print through many layers of paper. y Two types of impact printers are dot-matrix printers and line printers.

DOT-MATRIX PRINTERS

y y

Typically used continuous-form paper, in which thousands of sheet of paper are connected together end to end. The speed of most dot-matrix printers ranges from 375 to 1100 characters per second, depending on the desired print quality.

LINE PRINTER

y y

High-speed impact printer that print an entire line at a time. The speed is measured by the number of lines per minute (lpm) it can print.

FUNCTIONS OF THE PRINTERS

TYPES OF PRINTERS NONIMPACT PRINTERS

FUNCTIONS  Forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without striking the paper.

INK-JET PRINTERS

 Produce text and graphics in both black-and-white and colour on a various types of paper  Can print from 1200to 4800 dpi

PHOTO PRINTERS

 Produces photo-lab-quality pictures  Print text and graphics in highquality resolutions  Generates image by pushing electrically heated pins against heat-sensitive paper

LASER PRINTERS

THERMAL PRINTERS

MOBILE PRINTERS

 Allows a mobile user to print from a notebook computer, or smart phone or other mobile device while travelling

PLOTTERS AND LARGE-FORMAT PRINTERS

 Produce high-quality drawings  Creates photo-realistic-quality colour prints

MANUFACTURER
MODEL DCP-7030 Monochrom e Laser printer PICTURE SPECIFICATION Fast printing and copying Print and copy speeds of up to 22ppm. High-quality laser output Produce crisp, rich black output up to 2,400 x 600 dpi print resolution at a low cost-per-page that laser technology provides. Stand-alone copying No PC required to make copies. Reduce/enlarge documents from 25-400% in 1% increments, and N-in-1 capabilities too. Colour scanning Scan documents directly to your e-mail application or to a single PDF file. Design Compact, fits almost anywhere. COST RM699.00

y HP Designjet 510 Thermal Inkjet 42 in. Color Printer y

Affordable, dependable large-format printer produces professional caliber illustrations, schematics, drawings and plans. Five-pigment, 2400 x 1200 dpi rendering system delivers excellent line accuracy and true-to-life imaging.

RM 10664.94

Color layering technology provides even shading and smooth chromatic transitions

Lexmark Interact S605 Wireless

Print news articles, view your favorite web sites and check the weather printer.

RM 521.10

Customize one-touch SmartSolution shortcuts directly from the webenabled touch screen on this wireless all-in-one

to simplify tasks you use most often, like scan to email.

Save time with fast print speeds.

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Lexmark Prospect Pro205

Built to last, this reliable all-in-one printer efficiently copies, faxes, prints and scans.

RM 559.89

Rapidly print brilliant, borderless photos and sharp documents.

Reduce paper usage by 50% with automatic two-sided printing

HP Photosmart A646 Compact Printer

Personalize and print lab-quality photos with this printer.

RM 478.98

Print directly from memory cards, USB thumb drives and cameras without turning on your PC.

Easily view and edit your pictures using the extra-large HP TouchSmart screen

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HP Photosmart C309n TouchSmart

Print lab-quality color photos and laser-quality documents with this wireless all-in-one printer.

RM 1387.68

PC-free printing cabalities let you print photos directly from your mobile phone, Bluetoothenabled device, iPhone or iPod touch.

Edit and print photos, send faxes, make copieseven access and print coupons, maps or other web contentwithout ever turning on your PC via the extra-large HP TouchSmart screen.

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THE ADVANTAGES OF USING PRINTERS

Computer printers have become a compulsory devices in homes and offices. They often come as part of a computer equipment that includes a mouse, keyboard and monitor.there are several advantages that we can obtains from this devices.

Convenience The first advantage of a computer printer is convenience. Printing documents at home can save time and money compared to visiting a commercial printer or office supply store. It is also a good way to manage documents and paperwork by producing hard copies to use as backups or by printing documents or letters that need to be mailed out.

Special features Another significant advantage of a printer we can perform a lot of task by using printers. Besides printing documents and photos, some printers can also scan, fax and make copies. This means that a computer printer may actually replace several different machines, reducing clutter and streamlining a home office.

Generally,there are several types of printer in the market.Next,we will discuss more about some benefits that we can obtain through various type of printers.

Inkjet printers y Usually equipped with multiple ink cartridges, including a black cartridge and either a combined color cartridge or a separate color cartridge that enable us to print various types of colour in a sheet of paper. y Can print photo in a short time.
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y y y

Affordable for a student because the price is cheaper. Basically are smaller than laser printers, so it can save your valuable space. Inkjet printers usually have smooth operation than laser printers, which tend to produce much noise.

High-end inkjet printers produce high-quality photos.

Laser printers y y The quality and functionality is awesome although its price is quite expensive. toner cartridge of laser printers has a much longer lifespan compared to inkjet cartridge, leading to a much lower cost per page. y Laser printers are known for being fast in speed. Normally,most of laser printers can produce upwards of 40 pages per minute. y Durable that is the part of printer can be replaced once it broken down and can last fo many years.

All-in-one printers y All-in-one printers combine the functionality of printers, scanners, copy machines and sometimes fax machines into one device. y They generally take up slightly more space but if you also need a scanner and copy machine, an all-in-one printer may be a good choice of device

Portable printers y y Small and portable. Portable printers fit into a small compartment and represent a great options for anyone who needs to print "on the go." y Most portable printers can run on battery and can even print photos without a computer.
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NEW INNOVATION IN FUTURE

With Kindle, you can download a book in less than a minute just about anywhere. Kindle is a wireless paperback-sized device which doesn't need a computer to function. The device stores a book either internally or on a flash memory card. You can connect it to a computer with a USB cable to manage your content, but downloads are encrypted for copy protection. Thousands and thousands of Blogs, national magazines and newspapers are now possible for a nominal fee, with this device.

Hewlett-Packard (HP), which has the pride of inventing inkjet technology and DeskJet printer, plans to shut down some of its manufacturing facilities to reduce expenses and focus on core products as the printer industry matures because of fewer fresh inventions.

3D printing is a relatively new technology. It is considered as the physical version of a CAD file. The foundry, construction and automotive industries welcomes the 3D printing technology with open arms as this proves to make their process smooth, efficient and modernized and increases the speed in product development. They canuse the 3D printers to print the CAD designed 3D models directly from a CAD file in order to show a finished product to the client before the work has begun. Rapid prototyping and Custom3D offers a fast professional, beneficial and confidential printing service. This Custom3D also provides affordable patent and design protection 3D printing services to the Institute of Inventors and Innovators. This technology is sure to reduce their massive time, labor and cost.

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REFERENCES y Shelly,Garry B.,and Vermatt,Misty E.,Discovering Computers,Fundamentals:Living in aDigital World,2011 Edition,2011,Shelly Cashman Series,Course Technology,Cengage Learning www.ehow.com http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/ http://whatis.techtarget.com/ http://www.readfaster.com

y y y y

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