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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
Jai Shree Ram, Dosto i am vikas gupta, age 31 years . i start a gaming website named www.GamesWala.com which has PR4 and ratings below 4 lakh.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
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CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 2 CHAPTER 3 INTRODUCTION INDUSTRY PROFILE COMPANY PROFILE - PAGE 2 - PAGE 4-6 - PAGE 7-11 - PAGE 12-63 - PAGE 13-17 - PAGE 17-18 - PAGE 19-22 - PAGE 22-29 - PAGE 29-33 - PAGE 33-40 - PAGE 41-42 - PAGE 42-46 - PAGE 49-58 - PAGE 58-62 - PAGE 60-62 - PAGE 63-68 - PAGE 69-79
COCA-COLA COMPANY GLOBAL MARKET SHARE OF COCA-COLA TRENDS AND FORCES POTERS FIVE FORCES PESTLE ANALYSIS SWOT ANALYSIS COCA-COLA INDIA PRODUCTS IN INDIA MARKETING MIX PESTLE ANALYSIS SWOT ANALYSIS RESEARCH METHODOLOGY DATA ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 5
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report has been prepared with a specific purpose in mind. It outlines the history and current scenario of the Coca-Cola Company globally and locally. The first part of the study takes us through the present state of affairs of the beverage industry and Coca-Cola Company globally.
The report contains a brief introduction of Coca Cola Company and Coca-Cola India and a detailed view of the tasks, which have been undertaken to analyze the market of Coca-Cola i.e. we have performed Competitive, PESTLE and SWOT analysis of Coca-Cola Company and PESTLE and SWOT analysis of Coca-Cola India in order to identify areas of potential growth for Coca-Cola. We have also given a brief description of Trends and Forces that are affecting Coca-Cola Company globally.
The main objective of this project report is to analyze and study in efficient way the current position of Coca- Cola Company. The study also aims to perform Market Analysis of Coca-Cola Company & find out different factors effecting
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
the growth of Coca-Cola. Another objective of the study was to perform Competitive analysis between Coca-Cola and its competitors. Apart from these objectives this study is also conducted to understand the Customer preferences towards various Coca-Cola products.
1. INTRODUCTION
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
INTRODUCTON
Let reason go before every enterprise, And counsel before every action Research is a human activity based on intellectual investigation and is aimed at discovering, interpreting, and revising human knowledge on different aspects of the world.
MARKETING RESEARCH:Marketing research is the function that links the consumer, customer and public to the marketer through information used to identify and define marketing opportunities and problems; generate, refine, and evaluate marketing actions; monitor marketing performance; and improve understanding of marketing as a
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
process. Marketing research specifies the information required to address these issues, designs the methods for collecting information, manages and implements the data collection process, analyzes and communicates the findings and their implications. -American Marketing Association Marketing research is about researching the whole companys marketing process. -Palmer (2000)
INTRODUCTION TO COCA-COLA
Coca-Cola, the product that has given the world its best-known taste was born in Atlanta, Georgia, on May 8, 1886. Coca-Cola Company is the worlds leading manufacturer, marketer and distributor of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups, used to produce nearly 400 beverage brands. It sells beverage concentrates and syrups to bottling and canning operators, distributors, fountain retailers and fountain wholesalers. The Companys beverage products comprises of bottled and canned soft drinks as well as concentrates, syrups and notready-to-drink powder products. In addition to this, it also produces and markets sports drinks, tea and coffee. The Coca- Cola Company began building its global network in the 1920s. Now operating in more than 200 countries and producing nearly 400 brands, the CocaCola system has successfully applied a simple formula on a global scale: Provide a moment of refreshment for a small amount of money- a billion times a day.
The Coca-Cola Company and its network of bottlers comprise the most sophisticated and pervasive production and distribution system in the world. More than anything, that system is
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India dedicated to people working long and hard to sell the products manufactured by the Company. This unique worldwide system has made The Coca-Cola Company the worlds premier soft-drink enterprise. From Boston to Beijing, from Montreal to Moscow, Coca-Cola, more than any other consumer product, has brought pleasure to thirsty consumers around the globe. For more than 115 years, Coca-Cola has created a special moment of pleasure for hundreds of millions of people every day. The Company aims at increasing shareowner value over time. It accomplishes this by working with its business partners to deliver satisfaction and value to consumers through a worldwide system of superior brands and services, thus increasing brand equity on a global basis. They aim at managing their business well with people who are strongly committed to the Company values and culture and providing an appropriately controlled environment, to meet business goals and objectives. The associates of this Company jointly take responsibility to ensure compliance with the framework of policies and protect the Companys assets and resources whilst limiting business risks.
2. INDUSTRY PROFILE
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
INDUSTRY PROFILE
The Indian FMCG industry witnessed significant changes through the 1990s. Many players had been facing severe problems on account of increased competition from small and
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India regional players and from slow growth across its various product categories. As a result, most of the companies were forced to revamp their product, marketing, distribution and customer service strategies to strengthen their position in the market.
By the turn of the 20th century, the face of the Indian FMCG industry had changed significantly. With the liberalization and growth of the Indian economy, the Indian customer witnessed an increasing exposure to new domestic and foreign products through different media, such as television and the Internet. Apart from this, social changes such as increase in the number of nuclear families and the growing number of working couples resulting in increased spending power also contributed to the increase in the Indian consumers' personal consumption. The realization of the customer's growing awareness and the need to meet changing requirements and preferences on account of changing lifestyles required the FMCG producing companies to formulate customer-centric strategies. These changes had a positive impact, leading to the rapid growth in the FMCG industry. Increased availability of retail space, rapid urbanization, and qualified manpower also boosted the growth of the organized retailing sector.
HLL led the way in revolutionizing the product, market, distribution and service formats of the FMCG industry by focusing on rural markets, direct distribution, creating new product, distribution and service formats. The FMCG sector also received a boost by government led initiatives in the 2003 budget such as the setting up of excise free zones in various parts of the country that witnessed firms moving away from outsourcing to manufacturing by investing in the zones. Though the absolute profit made on FMCG products is relatively small, they generally sell in large numbers and so the cumulative profit on such products can be large. Unlike some industries, such as automobiles, computers, and airlines, FMCG does not suffer from mass layoffs every time the economy starts to dip. A person may put off buying a car but he will not put off having his dinner.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Unlike other economy sectors, FMCG share float in a steady manner irrespective of global market dip, because they generally satisfy rather fundamental, as opposed to luxurious needs. The FMCG sector, which is growing at the rate of 9% is the fourth largest sector in the Indian Economy and is worth Rs.93000 cr. The main contributor, making up 32% of the sector, is the South Indian region. It is predicted that in the year 2010, the FMCG sector will be worth Rs.143000 cr. The sector being one of the biggest sectors of the Indian Economy provides up to 4 million jobs. (Source: HCCBPL, Monthly Circular)
BEVERAGES
ALCOHOLIC
NONALCOHOLIC
CARBONATED
NONCARBONATED
COLA
NON-COLA
NON-COLA
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Fig 2.0 BEVERAGES IN INDIA The beverage industry is vast and there various ways of segmenting it, so as to cater the right product to the right person. The different ways of segmenting it are as follows: Alcoholic, non-alcoholic and sports beverages. Natural and Synthetic beverages. In-home consumption and out of home on premises consumption. Age wise segmentation i.e. beverages for kids, for adults and for senior citizens. Segmentation based on the amount of consumption i.e. high levels of consumption and low levels of consumption.
If the behavioural patterns of consumers in India are closely noticed, it could be observed that consumers perceive beverages in two different ways i.e. beverages are a luxury and that beverages have to be consumed occasionally. These two perceptions are the biggest challenges faced by the beverage industry. In order to leverage the beverage industry, it is important to address this issue so as to encourage regular consumption as well as and to make the industry more affordable. Four strong strategic elements to increase consumption of the products of the beverage industry in India are: The quality and the consistency of beverages needs to be enhanced so that consumers are satisfied and they enjoy consuming beverages. The credibility and trust needs to be built so that there is a very strong and safe feeling that the consumers have while consuming the beverages. Consumer education is a must to bring out benefits of beverage consumption whether in terms of health, taste, relaxation, stimulation, refreshment, well-being or prestige relevant to the category. Communication should be relevant and trendy so that consumers are able to find an appeal to go out, purchase and consume.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India The beverage market has still to achieve greater penetration and also a wider spread of distribution. It is important to look at the entire beverage market, as a big opportunity, for brand and sales growth in turn to add up to the overall growth of the food and beverage industry in the economy.
3. COMPANY PROFILE
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
COMPANY PROFILE
MISSION:
Our Roadmap starts with our mission, which is enduring. It declares our purpose as a company and serves as the standard against which we weigh our actions and decisions. To refresh the world...
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India To inspire moments of optimism and happiness... To create value and make a difference.
VISION:
Our vision serves as the framework for our Roadmap and guides every aspect of our business by describing what we need to accomplish in order to continue achieving sustainable, quality growth. People: Be a great place to work where people are inspired to be the best they can be. Portfolio: Bring to the world a portfolio of quality beverage brands that anticipate and satisfy people's desires and needs. Partners: Nurture a winning network of customers and suppliers, together we create mutual, enduring value. Planet: Be a responsible citizen that makes a difference by helping build and support sustainable communities. Profit: Maximize long-term return to shareowners while being mindful of our overall responsibilities. Productivity: Be a highly effective, lean and fast-moving organization.
WINNING CULTURE:
Our Winning Culture defines the attitudes and behaviours that will be required of us to make our 2020 Vision a reality.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
Work efficiently.
Learn from our outcomes -- what worked and what didnt. BE THE BRAND:
Inspire creativity, passion, optimism and fun.
HISTORY OF COCA-COLA
The prototype Coca-Cola recipe was formulated at the Eagle Drug and Chemical Company, a drugstore in Columbus, Georgia by John Pemberton, originally as a coca wine called Pemberton's French Wine Coca. He may have been inspired by the formidable success of Vin Mariani, a European cocawine.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India In 1886, when Atlanta and Fulton County passed prohibition legislation, Pemberton responded by developing Coca-Cola, essentially a non-alcoholic version of French Wine Coca. The first sales were at Jacob's Pharmacy in Atlanta, Georgia, on May 8, 1886. It was initially sold as a patent medicine for five cents a glass at soda fountains, which were popular in the United States at the time due to the belief that carbonated water was good for the health.[9] Pemberton claimed Coca-Cola cured many diseases, including morphine addiction, dyspepsia, neurasthenia, headache, and impotence. Pemberton ran the first advertisement for the beverage on May 29 of the same year in the Atlanta Journal. By 1888, three versions of Coca-Cola sold by three separate businesses were on the market. Asa Griggs Candler acquired a stake in Pemberton's company in 1887 and incorporated it as the Coca Cola Company in 1888. The same year, while suffering from an ongoing addiction to morphine, Pemberton sold the rights a second time to four more businessmen: J.C. Mayfield, A.O. Murphey, C.O. Mullahy and E.H. Bloodworth. Meanwhile, Pemberton's alcoholic son Charley Pemberton began selling his own version of the product.
John Pemberton declared that the name "Coca-Cola" belonged to Charley, but the other two manufacturers could continue to use the formula. So, in the summer of 1888, Candler sold his beverage under the names Yum Yum and Koke. After both failed to catch on, Candler set out to establish a legal claim to Coca-Cola in late 1888, in order to force his two competitors out of the business. Candler purchased exclusive rights to the formula from John Pemberton, Margaret Dozier and Woolfolk Walker. However, in 1914, Dozier came forward to claim her signature on the bill of sale had been forged, and subsequent analysis has indicated John Pemberton's signature was most likely a forgery as well. In 1892 Candler incorporated a second company, The Coca-Cola Company (the current corporation), and in 1910 Candler had the earliest records of the company burned, further obscuring its legal origins. By the time of its 50th anniversary, the drink had reached the status of a national icon in the USA. In 1935, it was certified kosher by Rabbi Tobias Geffen, after the company made minor changes in the sourcing of some ingredients.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Coca-Cola was sold in bottles for the first time on March 12, 1894. The first outdoor wall advertisement was painted in the same year as well in Cartersville, Georgia. Cans of Coke first appeared in 1955. The first bottling of Coca-Cola occurred in Vicksburg, Mississippi, at the Biedenharn Candy Company in 1891. Its proprietor was Joseph A. Biedenharn. The original bottles were Biedenharn bottles, very different from the much later hobble-skirt design that is now so familiar. Asa Candler was tentative about bottling the drink, but two entrepreneurs from Chattanooga, Tennessee, Benjamin F. Thomas and Joseph B. Whitehead, proposed the idea and were so persuasive that Candler signed a contract giving them control of the procedure for only one dollar. Candler never collected his dollar, but in 1899 Chattanooga became the site of the first Coca-Cola bottling company. The loosely termed contract proved to be problematic for the company for decades to come. Legal matters were not helped by the decision of the bottlers to subcontract to other companies, effectively becoming parent bottlers. Coke concentrate, or Coke syrup, was and is sold separately at pharmacies in small quantities, as an over-the-counter remedy for nausea or mildly upset stomach.
On April 23, 1985, Coca-Cola, amid much publicity, attempted to change the formula of the drink with "New Coke". Follow-up taste tests revealed that most consumers preferred the taste of New Coke to both Coke and Pepsi, but Coca-Cola management was unprepared for the public's nostalgia for the old drink, leading to a backlash. The company gave in to protests and returned to a variation of the old formula, under the name Coca-Cola Classic on July 10, 1985. On February 7, 2005, the Coca-Cola Company announced that in the second quarter of 2005 they planned to launch a Diet Coke product sweetened with the artificial sweetener sucralose, the same sweetener currently used in Pepsi One. On March 21, 2005, it announced another diet product, Coca-Cola Zero, sweetened partly with a blend of aspartame and acesulfame potassium. In 2007, Coca-Cola began to sell a new "healthy soda": Diet Coke with vitamins B6, B12, magnesium, niacin, and zinc, marketed as "Diet Coke Plus. On July 5, 2005, it was revealed that Coca-Cola would resume operations in Iraq for the first time since the Arab
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India League boycotted the company in 1968. In April 2007, in Canada, the name "Coca-Cola Classic" was changed back to "Coca-Cola." The word "Classic" was truncated because "New Coke" was no longer in production, eliminating the need to differentiate between the two. The formula remained unchanged. In January 2009, Coca-Cola stopped printing the word "Classic" on the labels of 16-ounce bottles sold in parts of the southeastern United States. The change is part of a larger strategy to rejuvenate the product's image. In November 2009, due to a dispute over wholesale prices of Coca-Cola products, Costco stopped restocking its shelves with Coke and Diet Coke.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Coca-Cola Company will take control of the bottler's North America operations, giving the company control over 90% of the total North America volume. In return, Coca-Cola Enterprises will take over Coke's bottling operations in Norway and Sweden, becoming a European-focused producer and distributor. In March 2010, Coca-Cola Company entered into discussions to buy the Russian juice company, OAO Nidan Juices. The company is 75% owned by a private equity firm in London and 25% by its Russian founders and controls 14.5% of the Russian juice market. If successful, the purchase would add to Coca-Cola's 20.5% market share, passing Pepsi's 30% market share. The Russian juice market is estimated to be $3.2 billion dollars, and estimates of Nidan's purchase price are between $560-$620 million. In April 2010, Coca-Cola Company purchased a majority share of Innocent, the British fruit smoothie maker. Last year the company bought an 18% share of the company for more than $45 million, and recent purchases of additional shares increased Coke's stake to 58%. In June 2010, Coca-Cola Company agreed to pay Dr Pepper Snapple Group (DPS) $715 million for the continued right to sell their products following the company's acquisition of Coca-Cola Enterprises (CCE). The deal covers the next 20 years with an option to renew for an additional 20 years.
TRENDS AND FORCES The Global Economic Recession Threatens Overall Demand:
In 2008 and 2009, the global economy has fallen into a recession. Not just the United States but countries from all over the world have felt the impacts of the 2008 Financial Crisis. This may be a problem for Coke, which derives approximately 75% of its sales from outside North America. Still, the company has positioned itself well in international markets both organically and through acquisitions, such as that of Chinese juice maker Huiyuan for $2.4 billion. However the company was unsuccessful with its purchase of Huiyuan as it broke antitrust laws in China. On March 5, 2010, Coke's CEO said that emerging markets are bouncing back quicker than more developed markets.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India with many of its bottlers which allow them to distribute drinks produced by other companies. For example, Coca-Cola Enterprises (CCE) now distributes Arizona, a ready-to-drink tea made by Ferolito, Vultaggio & Sons, an American iced-tea company. Isdell sees these agreements as another way of taking advantage of the rapidly growing non-CSD market.
Following this trend, at least one town in Washington state and one in Australia have outlawed the selling of bottled water within their city limits. In 2008, bottled water was the third most popular beverage (behind soda and milk), but compared to 2007, Americans consumption declined for the first time, down to 8.7 billion gallons from 8.8 billion gallons. Although this is a seemingly small decrease, industry experts don't expect bottled water to bounce back anytime soon.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India avoid wide swings in earnings from currency fluctuations. Although this hedging insulates from the potential downside of a strengthening dollar, it also limits larger gains from drastic downswings in the dollar's value.
Such a price increase would likely hurt KO, given the competitive nature of the non-alcoholic beverage industry, and provide a possible incentive for consumers to switch to other companies beverages. Aluminium, corn, and PET resin are three examples of such production goods used by bottlers that could have significant bearing on the Coca-Cola Companys profit margins. In 2007, the prices of these commodities rose drastically with general commodities bubble and dramatically pressured margins. They receded in 2008, but the possibility of another significant rise in Commodities represents a constant threat to profits.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Though Coca-Cola owns four of the top five soft drink brands (Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, Fanta, and Sprite), it had lower sales in 2005 than did PepsiCo (Murray, 2006c). However, CocaCola has higher sales in the global market than PepsiCo, PepsiCo is the main competitor for Coca-Cola and these two brands have been in a power struggle for years (Murray, 2006c). Coke has been more dominant with a 53% of market share as in 1999 compared to Pepsi with a market share of 21%.
According to Beverage Digest's 2008 report on carbonated soft drinks, PepsiCo's U.S. market share has increased to 30.8%, while the Coca-Cola Company's has decreased to 42.7% due to Pepsi marketing schemes still the higher large gap between the market share can be attributed to the fact that Coca-Cola took advantage of Pepsi entering the market late and has set up its bottler's and distribution network especially in developed markets.
"The Coca-Cola Company" is the largest soft drink company in the world. Every year 800,000,000 servings of just "Coca-Cola" are sold in the United States alone. Bottling plants with some exceptions are locally owned and operated by independent business people who are native to the nations in which they are located. Coca-Cola manufactures, distributes and markets non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups, including fountain syrups.
It supplies concentrates and beverage bases used to make the products and provides management assistance to help it's bottler's ensure the profitable growth of their business. This has put Pepsi at a significant disadvantage compared to US market. Overall, Coca-Cola continues to outsell Pepsi in almost all areas of the world. However, exceptions include India,
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Saudi Arabia and Pakistan.
By most accounts, Coca-Cola was India's leading soft drink until 1977 when it left India after a new government ordered, The Coca-Cola Company to turn over its secret formula for Coke and dilute its stake in its Indian unit as required by the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA).
In 1988, PepsiCo gained entry to India by creating a joint venture with the Punjab government-owned Punjab Agro Industrial Corporation (PAIC) and Voltas India Limited. This joint venture marketed and sold Lehar Pepsi until 1991 when the use of foreign brands was allowed. PepsiCo bought out its partners and ended the joint venture in 1994. In 1993, The Coca-Cola Company returned in pursuance of India's Liberalization policy. In 2005, The Coca-Cola Company and PepsiCo together held 95% market share of soft-drink sales in India. Coca-Cola India's market share was 52.5%.
In Russia, Pepsi initially had a larger market share than Coke but it was undercut once the Cold War ended. In 1972, Pepsi Co Company struck a barter agreement with the government of the Soviet Union, in which Pepsi Co was granted exportation and Western marketing rights to Stolichnaya vodka in exchange for importation and Soviet marketing of Pepsi-Cola.
This exchange led to Pepsi-Cola being the first foreign product sanctioned for sale in the U.S.S.R. Pepsi, as one of the first American products in the Soviet Union, became a symbol of that relationship and the Soviet policy.
Brand name loyalty is another competitive pressure. The Brand Keys Customer Loyalty Leaders Survey (2004) shows the brands with the greatest customer loyalty in all industries. Diet Pepsi ranked 17th and Diet Coke ranked 36th as having the most loyal customers to their brands. The new competition between rival sellers is to create new varieties of soft drinks, such as vanilla and cherry, in order to increase sales and getting new customers.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Pepsi is however trying to counter this by competing more aggressively in the emerging economies where the dominance of Coke is not as pronounced, with the growth in emerging markets significantly expected to exceed the developed markets, rivalry in international market is going to be more pronounced. Pepsi advertisements often focused on celebrities, choosing Pepsi over Coke, supporting Pepsi's positioning as "The Choice of a New Generation." In 1975, Pepsi began showing people doing blind taste tests called Pepsi Challenge in which they preferred one product over the other. Pepsi started hiring more popular spokespersons to promote their products. In the late 1990s, Pepsi launched its most successful long-term strategy of the Cola Wars, Pepsi Stuff. Consumers were invited to "Drink Pepsi, Get Stuff" and collect Pepsi Points on billions of packages and cups. They could redeem the points for free Pepsi lifestyle merchandise. After researching and testing the program for over two years to ensure that it resonated with consumers, Pepsi launched Pepsi Stuff, which was an instant success. Tens of millions consumers participated. Pepsi outperformed Coke during the summer of the Atlanta Olympics, held at Coke's hometown where Coke was the lead sponsor for the Games. Due to its success, the program was expanded to include Mountain Dew into Pepsi's international markets worldwide. The company continued to run the program for many years, continually innovating with new features each year. Coca-Cola and Pepsi engaged in a "cyber-war" with the re-introduction of Pepsi Stuff in 2005 & Coca-Cola retaliated with Coke Rewards. This cola war has now concluded, with Pepsi Stuff ending its services and Coke Rewards still offering prizes on their website. Both were loyalty programs that give away prizes and product to consumers after collecting bottle caps and 12 or 24 pack box tops, then submitting codes online for a certain number of points. However, Pepsi's online partnership with Amazon allowed consumers to buy various products with their "Pepsi Points", such as mp3 downloads. Both Coca-Cola and coke previously had a partnership with the iTunes Store.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
POTENTIAL ENTRANTS:
New entrants are not a strong competitive pressure for the soft drink industry. Coca-Cola and Pepsi Co dominate the industry with their strong brand name and great distribution channels. In addition, the soft-drink industry is fully saturated and growth is small. This makes it very difficult for new, unknown entrants to start competing against the existing firms.
Another barrier to entry is the high fixed costs for warehouses, trucks, and labour, and economies of scale. New entrants cannot compete in price without economies of scale. These high capital requirements and market saturation make it extremely difficult for companies to enter the soft drink industry therefore new entrants are not a strong competitive force. Capital requirements for producing, promoting, and establishing a new soft drink traditionally have been viewed as extremely high. According to industry experts, this makes the likelihood of potential entry by new players quite low, except perhaps in much localized situations that matter little to Coke or Pepsi. Yet, while this view may reflect conventional wisdom, some industry observers question whether a new time is coming, with 'new age' beverages selling to well-informed and health-informed and health-conscious consumers. This issue was beginning to grab the attention of both Coke and Pepsi in the summer of 1992, when they both were not able to explain a drop in their June 1992 sales.
SUBSTITUTES:
Numerous beverages are available as substitutes for soft drinks. Citrus beverages and fruit juices are the more popular substitutes. Availability of shelf space in retail stores as well as advertising and promotion traditionally has had a significant effect on beverage purchasing behaviour. Overall total liquid consumption in the United States in 1991 included CocaCola's 10% share of all liquid consumption. For years the story in the non-alcoholic sector centred on the power struggle between Coke and Pepsi. But as the pop fight has topped out, the industry's giants have begun relying on new product flavours and looking to noncarbonated beverages for growth.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
Substitute products are those competitors that are not in the soft drink industry. Such substitutes for Coca-Cola products are bottled water, sports drinks, coffee, and tea, juices etc. Bottled water and sports drinks are increasingly popular with the trend to be a more health conscious consumer. There are progressively more varieties in the water and sports drinks that appeal to different consumer's tastes, but also appear healthier than soft drinks.
In addition, coffee and tea are competitive substitutes because they provide caffeine. The consumers who purchase a lot of soft drinks may substitute coffee if they want to keep the caffeine and lose the sugar and carbonation.
Blended coffees are also becoming popular with the increasing number of Starbucks, Barista and CCD stores that offer many different flavours to appeal to all consumer markets. It is also cheap for consumers to switch to these substitutes making the threat of substitute products very strong (Datamonitor, 2005).
The growth rate has been recently criticized due to the market saturation of soft drinks. Datamonitor (2005) stated, Looking ahead, despite solid growth in consumption, the global soft drinks market is expected to slightly decelerate, reflecting stagnation of market prices. The change attributed to the other growing sectors of the non-alcoholic industry including tea & coffee is 11.8% and bottled water is 9.3%. Sports drinks and energy drinks are also expected to increase in growth as competitors start adopting new product lines.
Profitability in the soft drink industry will remain rather solid, but market saturation has caused analysts to suspect a slight deceleration of growth in the industry (2005). Because of this, soft drink leaders are establishing themselves in alternative markets such as the snack, confections, bottled water, and sports drinks industries.
In order for soft drink companies to continue to grow and increase profits they will need to diversify their product offerings. So in order to compete with the substitutes industry, cocacola has diversified from just carbonated drink industry to other substitute and so have other
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India brands like Pepsi, Dr pepper/Snapple.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India agent used in low-calorie soft-drink products. Until January 1993, aspartame was available from just one source -the NutraSweet Company, a subsidiary of the Monsanto Company- in the United States due to its patent, which expired at the end of 1992. Coke managers have long held 'power' over sugar suppliers. They view the recently expired aspartame patents as only enhancing their power relative to suppliers.
Political Analysis:
Political factors are how far a government intervenes in the operations of the company. The political factors may include tax policy, trade restrictions, environmental policy, laws imposed on the recruiting labours, amount of permitted goods by the government and the service provided by the government. Globally, Coca-Cola beverages being a non-alcoholic industry falls under the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), it is an agency in the United States Department of Health and Human Services. Its headquarters is in USA and it has started opening offices in foreign countries as well. The job of the FDA is to check and certify whether the ingredients used in the manufacturing of Coca-Cola products in the particular country is meeting to the standards or not. In Coca-Cola the company takes all the necessary steps to analyze thoroughly before introducing any ingredients in its products and get prior approval from the FDA. The company also has to take into consideration of the regulation imposed by FDA on plastic
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India bottled products. Apart from FDA the other political factors includes tax policies and accounting standards. The accounting standards used by the company changes from time to time which have a significant role in the reported results. The company also is subjected to income tax policies according to the jurisdiction of various countries. In addition to this, the company is also subjected to import and excise duties for distribution of the products in the countries where it does not have the outsourcing units. Moreover, if there is any unrest or changes in the government and any kind of protest by the political activists may decline the demand for the products. Also the situations like the unsure conditions prevailing in Iraq and escalation of the terrorist activities in these areas could affect the international market of our product. It creates an inability for the company to penetrate in the markets of such countries.
Economic Factors:
The economic factors analyze the potential areas where the firm can grow and expand. It includes the economic growth of the country, interest rates, exchange rates, inflation rates, wage rates and unemployment in the country. The company first analyzes the economic condition of the country before venturing into that country. When there is an economic growth in the country, the purchasing power among people increases. It gives the company or the marketer a good chance to market the product. Coca-Cola, in the past identified this correctly and rightly started its distribution across various countries. The net operating profits for the company outside US stands at around 72%. Along with this the company uses 63 various types of currencies other than US Dollar. Hence there is a definite impact in the revenues due to the fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates. A strong and weak currency tends to affect the exporting of the products globally. Interest rates are the rate which is imposed on the company for the money they have borrowed from government. When there is an increase in the interest rates, it may deter the
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India company in further investment as the cost for borrowing is higher. Coca-Cola uses derivative financial instruments to cope up with the fluctuating interest rates. Inflation and wage rate go hand in hand, when there is an increase in the inflation the employee demand for a higher wage rate to cope up with the cost of living. This comes as additional cost for the company which cannot be reflected in the price of the final product as the competition and risk in this segment is higher. This is a threat in the external environment faced by the company. From the above explanation it is clearly seen that the economic factors involves a major impact in the behaviour of the company during various economic situations.
Social Factors:
Social factors are mainly the culture aspects and attitude, health consciousness among people, population growth with age distribution, emphasis on safety. The company cannot change the social factors but the company has to adjust itself to the changing society. The company adapts various management strategies to adapt to these social trends. Coca-Cola which is a B2C company, is directly related to the customer, so social changes are the most important factors to consider. Each and every country has a unique culture and attitude among the people. It is very important to know about the culture before marketing in a particular country. Coca-Cola has about 3300+ products in their stable, when entering into a country it does not introduce all the products. It introduces minimum number of products according to the culture of the country and the attitude of the people. Consumers and government are becoming increasingly aware of the public health consequences, mainly obesity which is the second social factor in the soft drinks industry. It inspired the company to venture into the areas of Diet coke and zero calorie soft drinks. The problem of obesity is taken seriously among the youngsters who like to maintain a good physique. Hence coke introduced dietary products for those youngsters who can enjoy coke with zero calories. In one of the study it is said that Consumer from the age groups 37 to 55 are also increasingly concerned with nutrition. Since many are aware, they are concerned with the longevity of their lives. This will affect the demand of the company in the existing
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India product and also is an opportunity to venture into new health and energy drinks industry. Population growth rate and the age distribution is another social factor to be considered. It is very important because non-alcoholic markets have most of its share from the children and youngsters. Adults used to celebrate mostly with alcohol. The age distribution of the country becomes important for the success of the product in a country.
Technological Factors:
Technology plays a varied role in the soft drinks industry. The manufacturing and distribution of the products is relatively a Low-Tech business, although the creation of a new product with the perfect blend and taste is a science (an art in itself). Technological contributions are most important in packaging. The company rely on their bottling partners for a significant portion of their business. Nearly 83% of the worldwide unit case volume is manufactured and distributed by their bottling partners in whom the company does not have controlling power. Hence it is necessary for the company to maintain a cordial relation with their bottling partners. If the company do not give ample support in pricing, marketing and advertising then the bottling industry while increase their short term profits, may become detrimental to the company. The advancement in technology in the company has led to: Introduction of new ways for the availability of Coca-Cola, it introduced general vending machines all over the world. In products it led to the development of new products like Cherry Coke, Diet Coke etc. The technical advancement in the bottling industries include, introduction of recyclable and non refillable bottles, introduction of cans which are trendy, stylish and popular among the youngsters.
Legal Factors
The legal factors include discrimination law, customer law, antitrust law, employment law and health and safety law. In Coca-Cola the business is subjected to various laws and regulation in the numerous countries in which they do the business, the laws include
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India competition, product safety, advertising and labelling, container deposits, environment protection, labour practices. In the US the products of the company is subjected to various acts like Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act, Occupation Safety and Health Act, various environment related acts and regulations, the production, distribution, sale and advertising of all the products are subjected to various laws and regulations. Changes in these laws could result in increased costs and capital expenditures, which affects the company profitability and also the production and distribution of the products. Various jurisdictions may adopt significant regulations in the additional product labelling and warning of certain chemical content or perceived health consequences. These requirements if become applicable in the future the company must be ready to accept and have necessary changes in hand for the same.
Environment Factors
These factors include the environment such as the weather conditions and the seasons in which people prefer to buy cool beverages. Also the company must follow the environmental issues related to the product manufacturing, packaging and distributing in various countries. It must adhere to the norms and market the product accordingly. Usage of renewable plastic in the PET bottles is followed by the company strictly.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
Negative Publicity. World's leading brand. Decline in cash from Large scale of operations. Operating Activities. Robust revenue growth in 3 Sluggish Performance in segments. North America. SWOT ANALYSIS THREATS
STRENGTHES
WEAKNESS
OPPORTUNITIES
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Strong brands allow the company to introduce brand extensions such as Vanilla Coke, Cherry Coke and Coke with Lemon. Over the years, the company has made large investments in brand promotions. Consequently, Coca-cola is one of the best recognized global brands. The companys strong brand value facilitates customer recall and allows Coca-Cola to penetrate new markets and consolidate existing ones.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India while revenues from the bottling investments segment by 19.9%. Together, the three segments of Latin America, East, South Asia and Pacific Rim bottling investments, accounted for 34.8% of total revenues during fiscal 2006. Robust revenues growth rates in these segments contributed to top-line growth for Coca-Cola during 2006.
On 10 December 2008, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) wrote to Mr. Muhtar Kent, President and Chief Executive Officer, to warn him that the FDA had concluded that Coca-Cola's product Diet Coke Plus 20 FL OZ was is in violation of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. In January 2009, the US consumer group the Centre for Science in the Public Interest filed a class-action lawsuit against Coca-Cola. The lawsuit was in regards to claims made, along with the company's flavours, of Vitamin Water. Claims say that the 33 grams of sugar are more harmful than the vitamins and other additives are helpful.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
In North America the sale of unit cases did not record any growth. Unit case retail volume in North America decreased 1% primarily due to weak sparkling beverage trends in the second half of 2006 and decline in the warehouse-delivered water and juice businesses. Moreover, the company also expects performance in North America to be weak during 2007. Sluggish performance in North America could impact the companys future growth prospects and prevent Coca-Cola from recording a more robust top-line growth.
The decrease was also the result of certain marketing accruals recorded in 2005.Decline in cash from operating activities reduces availability of funds for the companys investing and financing activities, which, in turn, increases the companys exposure to debt markets and fluctuating interest rates.
OPPORTUNITIES: ACQUISITIONS
During 2006, its acquisitions included Kerry Beverages, (KBL), which was subsequently,
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India reappointed Coca-Cola China Industries (CCCIL). Coca-Cola acquired a controlling shareholding in KBL, its bottling joint venture with the Kerry Group, in Hong Kong. The acquisition extended Coca-Colas control over manufacturing and distribution joint ventures in nine Chinese provinces. In Germany the company acquired Apollinaris which sells sparkling and still mineral water. Coca-Cola has also acquired a 100% interest in TJC Holdings, a bottling company in South Africa. Coca-Cola also made acquisitions in Australia and New Zealand during 2006. These acquisitions strengthened Coca-Colas international operations. These also give Coca- Cola an opportunity for growth, through new product launch or greater penetration of existing markets. Stronger international operations increase the companys capacity to penetrate international markets and also gives it an opportunity to diversity its revenue stream. On 25 February 2010, Coco cola confirms to acquire the Coca cola enterprises (CCE) one the biggest bottler in North America. This strategy of coca cola strengthens its operations internationally.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India demand for flavoured water.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India protection. Intense competition could impact Coca-Colas market share and revenue growth rates.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India of -0.3% for the five-year period 2005-2010 expected to drive the market to a value of $62.9 billion by the end of 2010. Moreover in the recent years, beverage companies such as Coca-Cola have been criticized for selling carbonated beverages with high amounts of sugar and unacceptable levels of dangerous chemical content, and have been implicated for facilitating poor diet and increasing childhood obesity. Moreover, the US is the companys core market. Coca-Cola already expects its performance in the region to be sluggish during 2007. Coca-Colas revenues could be adversely affected by a slowdown in the US carbonated beverage market.
Coca-Cola India was the leading soft drink brand in India till 1977 when it was forced to close down its operation by a socialist government in the drive for self sufficiency. After 16 years of absence, coca cola returned to India and witnessed a different culture and economic platform. During their absence, Parle brothers introduced a new type of cola called THUMS UP. Along with, they also formulated a lemon flavoured drink, LIMCA, and mango
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India flavoured, MAAZA. In 1993, coca cola bought the whole Parle Brother operation, in a hope to beat the main competitor (Pepsi). They presumed that with the tried and tested products of Parle they will be able to regain their throne in the Indian soft drink market. Pepsi having a 6 year head start helped revive the demand for global cola but it was not easy for the soft drink giant (coca cola) to return to India. Pepsi put more focus on the youth of the country in their advertisements but coca cola tried influencing Indians with the American way of life, which turned out to be a mistake. Coca-Cola invested heavily in India for the first five years, which got them credit of being one of the biggest investor in the country; however, their sales figures were not so impressive. Hence, they had to re-think their market strategies. Coca-Cola learned from Hindustan Lever that reducing their will result in more turnover, hence leading to profit. They launched an extensive market research in India. They ascertained that in India 3 As must be applied; Affordability, Availability and Acceptability. Coca-Cola learnt that they were competing with local drinks such as Nimbu Pani, Narial Pani, Lassi etc. and reached to a conclusion that competitive pricing was unavoidable. Since then they introduced a 200 ml glass bottle for Rs.5.
Further, they had different advertising campaigns for different regions of the country. In the southern part, their strategy was to make Bollywood or Tamil stars to endorse their products. In various regions they tried portraying coca cola products with different regional food products. One of the most famous ad campaigns in India was Thanda Matlab Coca-Cola; they featured the same quote with different regional entities. Presently, Coca-Cola is the biggest brand in soft drinks and is way ahead in market share i.e. 60% in Carbonated Soft drinks Segment, 36% in Fruit drinks Segment, 33% in Packaged water Segment, compared to its arch rival, Pepsi. Diversifying their product range and having a competitive pricing policy, they have regained their throne. With virtually all the goods and services required to produce and market Coca-Cola being made in India, the business system of the Company directly employs approximately 6,000 people, and indirectly creates employment for more than 125,000 people in related industries through its vast procurement,
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India supply, and distribution System. The Indian operations comprises of 50 bottling operations, 25 owned by the Company, with another 25 being owned by franchisees. That apart, a network of 21 contract packers manufactures a range of products for the Company. On the distribution front, 10-tonne trucks open bay three-wheelers that can navigate the narrow alleyways of Indian cities constantly keep our brands available in every nook and corner of the Countrys remotest areas.
COCA-COLA:In India Coca-Cola was leading soft drink till 1977 when Government policies necessitated its departure. Coca-Cola made its return to the country in 1993 and made significant investments to ensure that the beverage is available to more and more people, even in remote and inaccessible parts of the nation. Over the past fourteen years has enthralled consumers in India by connecting with passions of India Cricket, movies, music & food. Coca-Colas advertising campaigns Jo Chaho Ho Jaye & Life Ho Toh Aise were very popular & had entered youths vocabulary. In 2002.Coca-Cola launched its iconic campaign Thanda Matlab Coca-Cola which sky rocketed the brand to make it Indias favourite soft drink brand.
GLASS
200ml, 300ml, 500ml, 1000ml
CAN 330 ml
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
LIMCA:Limca was introduced in 1971 in India. Limca has remained unchallenged as the No.1 sparkling drink in the cloudy lemon segment. The success formula is the sharp fizz and lemoni bite combined with the single minded proposition of the brand as the provider of Freshness. Limca can cast a tangy refreshing spell on anyone, anywhere. Derived from Nimbu + Jaise hence Lime Sa, Limca has lived up to its promises of refreshment and has been the original thirst choice of millions of customers for over 3 decades.
GLASS
200ml, 300ml, 500ml, 1000ml
CAN 330 ml
THUMS UP:Thums up is a leading sparkling soft drink and most trusted brand in India. Originally introduced in 1977, Thums up was acquires by The Coca-Cola Company in 1993. Thums up is known for its strong, fizzy taste and it confident, mature and uniquely masculine attitude. This brand clearly seeks to separate the men from the boys.
GLASS
PET
CAN
FOUNTAIN
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India 200ml, 300ml, 500ml, 1000ml 500ml, 1.5L, 2L, 2.25L, 500ml, 100ml Table - 1.2 330 ml VARIOUS SIZES
SPRITE:Sprite a global leader in the lemon lime category is the second largest sparkling beverage brand in India. Launched in 1999, Sprite with its cut-thru perspective has managed to be a true teen icon.
RGB
200ml, 300ml
CAN 330 ml
FANTA:Fanta entered the Indian market in the year 1993. Over the years Fanta has occupied a strong market place and is identifies as The Fun Catalyst. Perceived as a fun youth brand, Fanta stands for its vibrant colour, tempting taste and tingling bubbles that not just uplifts feelings but also helps free spirit thus encouraging one to indulge in the moment. This positive imagery is associated with happy, cheerful and special times with friends.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
GLASS
200ml, 300ml
CAN 330 ml
MINUTE MAID PULPY ORANGE:The history of the Minute Maid brand goes as far back as 1945 when the Florida Food Corporation developed orange juice powder. The company developed a process that eliminated 80% of the water in the orange juice, forming a frozen concentrate that when reconstitute created orange juice. They branded it Minute Maid a name connoting the convenience and the ease of preparation. Minute Maid thus moved from a powdered concentrate to the first ever orange juice from concentrate. The launch of Minute Maid in India (started with the south of the country) is aimed to further extend the leadership of Coca-Cola in India in the juice drink category. Available in 3 PET pack sizes i.e. 400ml, 1 litre, 1.25 litres.
MAAZA:Maaza was introduced in late 1970s. Maaza has today come to symbolise the very spirit of mangoes. Universally loved for its taste, colour, thickness and wholesome properties, Maaza is the mango lovers first choice.
RGB
PET
POCKET MAAZA
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India 200ml, 250ml 250ml, 600ml, 1.2L 200ml
Table 1.5
KINLEY:The importance of water can never be understated, Particularly in a nation such as India where water governs the lives of the millions, be it as a part of everyday ritual or as the monsoon which gives life to the sub continent. Kinley water comes with the assurance of safety from the Coca-Cola Company. Available in PET 500ml and 1000ml.
GEORGIA GOLD COFFEE:Georgia coffee was introduced in India in 2004. The Georgia gold range of Tea and coffee beverages is the perfect solution for office and restaurant needs. Today Georgia coffee is available at Quick-Service Restaurants, Airports, Cinemas and in Corporates across all major metros in India. HOT BEVERAGES Espresso, Americano, Cappuccino, Caffe Latte, Mochaccino, Hot Chocolate, Cardamon Tea. COLD BEVERAGES Ice Teas, Cold Coffee. Table 1.6
MARKETING MIX OF COCA-COLA INDIA PRODUCT:Coca-Cola India has a wide range of products in its product line i.e. Coca-Cola, Fanta, Sprite, Thums Up, Maaza, Minute Maid and Georgia Gold. Bottled water was another area where
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Coca-Cola identified major opportunities. In 2002, Packaged drinking water in India was a Rs 1,000 cr industry and growing by 40% every year. PDW was a low margin high volume business, but it was an attractive proposition for bottlers as it increased plant utilization rates. In this market Cokes Kinley was pitched against Ramesh Chauhans Bisleri and Pepsis Aquafina. The product not only faced intense competition but also was difficult to differentiate. Coke positioned Kinley as natural water with the tag line Bhoond Bhoond Mein Vishwas (Trust in each drop of water). In early 1999, the parent company acquired Cadbury Schweppes. As a result 12 more bottlers were brought into CCIs fold. This acquisition added Crush, Canada Dry and Sport Cola to CCIs product line. This meant CCI had three orange, clear lime and cola drinks each in its portfolio.
PRICE:Coke learnt with experience that price was a strategic weapon in an emerging market like India. An increase in value added tax in 1996 had taken the price of the 300ml bottle beyond the reach of many Indian customers. In 2000, CCI conducted a yearlong experiment in coastal Andhra Pradesh by introducing a 200ml bottle at Rs 7. The volumes went up by 30% demonstrating the importance of consumer affordability. So the 200ml pack priced at Rs 5 was rolled out countrywide in January 2003. The advertising Campaign highlighted the affordability and Indian image. To make it affordable, Coke introduced Kinley in 200ml pouches for Re. 1 in selected places in Ahmadabad and 200ml water cups in Maharashtra, priced at Rs 3 per cup in testing marketing exercise conducted in mid 2002. In 2002 Kinley with 35% market share had become the leader in the retail PDW segment and was contributing 20% of CCIs revenues.
PLACE:Coke pushed down responsibilities from corporate headquarters to the local business units. The aim was to effectively align CCI's corporate resources, support systems and culture to leverage the local capabilities. CCI's operations had been divided into North, Central and
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Southern regions. Each region had a president at the top, with divisions comprising marketing, finance, human resources and bottling operations. The heads of the divisions reported to the CEO. Bottling operations were divided into four companies directed by the bottling head from headquarters. Under the new plan, CCI shifted to a six region profit center set up where product customization and packaging, marketing and brand building were taken up locally. A Regional General Manager (RGM) headed each region with the regional functional heads reporting to him. All the RGMs reported to VP (Operations, who in turn reported to CEO. The four bottling operations, with 37 bottling plants, were merged into Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages (HCCB). Each of the six regions had on an average six bottling plants. Each plant was headed by an Area General Manager (AGM) and held profit center responsibility for a business territory. He reported to the RGM as well as the head of bottling at the head quarters.
PROMOTION:In the initial years, CCI focused on establishing the Coca-Cola brand quickly. The marketing campaign positioned Coca-Cola as an international brand and did not emphasize local association. Coke, as a deliberate strategy, decided not to spend heavily on promoting Thums Up. Indeed the marketing spend on Thums Up between 1993 and 1996 was almost negligible. The overall marketing effort was also not focused as CCI changed the head of marketing three times during the period. Thumps Up remained neglected. Inadequate marketing support for other Parle brands also led to their declining market shares.
The bottlers taken over by Coke also had problems adjusting to a new work culture. They argued that CCI's lack of interest in promoting Thumps Up was resulting in falling sales and asked CCI to take corrective action.
Coke is primarily targeted at young individuals over the age of twenty-five. This can be seen by Coca-Colas advertising campaigns, which are aimed towards the young, by featuring well known personalities popular to this age group. During 90'ies Coke's promotion efforts did not seem to be effective. They were focused on mega events like the 1996 Cricket World Cup
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India held in India. CCI's World Cup Cricket campaign was overshadowed by Pepsi's "Nothing official about it" campaign. Major analysts were surprised that Thumps Up was totally out of the picture during such a mega event. In 1998 localization of marketing efforts, CCI signed up celebrities like Aamir Khan, Aishwarya Rai, and Sunil Gavaskar to promote Coke. Coke also began efforts to rejuvenate the Parle brands, Limca and Thumps Up. In 1998, India was declared the fastest growing market within the Coca-Cola system. But things were far from normal. Attempts at building growth through discounts and PET take home segment were not very successful because of lack of coordination between the launches and marketing back-up.
To maintain good relationships with bottlers and avoid defections to the other camp, dealers had been pampered by offering expensive overseas trips. In 2000, Coke wrote off investments in India, amounting to $400 Mn. The revised value of CCI's assets after the charge was $300 mn.
CCI spent $3.5 mn to beef up advertising and distribution for Thumps Up. By 2002, it had become India's No.2 cola drink after Pepsi. Maaza, the mango drink, was repositioned as a juice brand and saw a growth of almost 30% in 2001. Since India was a large country of different tastes and cultures, CCI customized its marketing strategy for different regions. It promoted the Coke brand in Delhi, Thumps Up in Mumbai and Andhra Pradesh, and Fanta in Tamil Nadu. Coke had plans to launch Rimzim, a spicy soda drink in North Maharashtra.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Coca Cola India was the leading soft drink brand in India till 1977 when it left rather than revealing its formula to the government. They re-entered the country in 1993. However, the primary barrier for Coca-Colas entry into the Indian market was its political environment. Despite the liberalization of the Indian economy in 1991 and introduction of the New Industrial Policy to eliminate barriers such as bureaucracy and regulation, there was still a lot of protectionism. Indias past promotion of Indigenous availability or Swadeshi movement depicted its affinity for local products. Due to Indias suspicion of foreign business entering Indian markets, Coca Cola received alien status its re-entry. This and some of the policies imposed on foreign enterprises proved as a hindrance to the growth of the company in the country. To make things worse, the policies were neither clear nor unchanging. For example, foreign businesses were not allowed to market their products under the same name if selling within the Indian market. Thus, Coca Cola had to be changed to Coca Cola India (and Pepsi had to be renamed to Lehar Pepsi). However, the most controversial, and by far, the most damaging was when Coca-Cola was forced to sign an agreement to sell 49% of its equity in order to buy out Indian bottlers. Due to the lack of consistency in the legal aspects, more importance was being given to lobbying the politicians.
Recent Scenario
During recent times, Coca Cola India has faced its fair share of problems. On August 5 th 2003, The Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), an activist group in India focused on environmental sustainability issues (specifically the effects of industrialization and economic growth) issued a press release stating: "12 major cold drink brands sold in and around Delhi contain a deadly cocktail of pesticide residues". According to tests conducted by the Pollution Monitoring Laboratory (PML) of the CSE from April to August, three samples of twelve PepsiCo and Coca-Cola brands from across the city were found to contain pesticide residues surpassing global standards by 30-36 times.
This had an adverse impact on the sales of Coca Cola, with a drop of almost 30-40%1 in only two weeks on the heels of a 75% five-year growth trajectory. Many leading clubs, retailers, restaurants, and college campuses across the country had stopped selling Coca-Cola. This
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India threatened the newly achieved leadership attained over Pepsi due to a successful marketing campaign. But this was not the end of Coca Colas troubles. There was widespread discontent around many of their plants. For example, in Plachimada, Kerala, the communities in and around the Coca Cola plant blamed the factory for their water problems. Due to this, the local Panchayat decided not to renew the license issued to Coca Cola to protect public interest". The company has also been accused of illegally occupying a portion of the village property resources in Mehdiganj, near Varanasi. However, there are certain positives as well, with a 22 percent increase in its unit case volume last quarter.
Economic Analysis:
The Indian economy sustained the global economic slowdown in the previous year and has shown a tremendous economic growth. It showed 8.6% of growth in the last quarter of 200910 as compared to 5.8% same time in the previous year. It has emerged as an attractive economy to invest in as many opportunities has been recognized.
Economic growth
India is ranked second in economic growth, just behind China. Analysts have said that India will be the third biggest economy of the world in the coming year behind China and USA. With economic growth many opportunities have been seen, which have attracted many foreign investor to the company. Coca cola India returned to the country in 1993, despite few problems in the start they have emerged as the king of soft drink industry in India. The strong economic growth of India has resulted in coca cola to invest heavily in sales and distributive channels. It has introduced two new products, Nimbu Fresh and an energy drink Burn.
Coca cola registered 22% growth in their unit case volume in the second quarter (April-June). It is the 16th consecutive quarter of such growth out of which 13 are double digit. Coca cola
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Indias growth is in contrast to its overall performance, the beverage king reported a growth of just 5% (worldwide) in the same quarter.
Inflationary effects
Inflation is one of the main problems that Indian economy has been facing for a year now. Rising prices in the food and other products doesnt only effect the consumers it also has an adverse effect on a company. The inflation rate for the year 2009 was recorded to be 11.49%. As prices have gone up in India for various products, especially oil, there has been uncertainty in decision making of almost every company. Coca cola India has also been affected by the same; it has been forced to think about their input costs, as they have been rising due to inflation. Their expenditure has been rising, with more costs in salaries, distribution channels and other operating costs. Beverage industry being price competitive market, they have not revised their product prices.
Exchange rate
The exchange rate of rupee to US Dollar has been stable but in the previous months the rate has had a tumultuous period. Exchange rate determines at what price will the company export its products and import whatever is required by it. The previous year, the rate of rupee to USD touched 44, on an average it has been around 47, so the exports earned less and the imports cost more. Therefore, coca cola India had to bear some low profitable times. However, in the present scenario rates have reached a stable level and exports are on an increasing trend.
Social Analysis:
Coca- Cola returned to India in 1993 after a 16 year hiatus, amidst competition from Leher Pepsi which had the advantage of entering the country 7 years earlier. Initially, it struggled to find acceptance as there were already other brands such as Parles Thums Up which existed in the market. Coca-Cola had earlier focussed more on the American way of life in their advertising campaigns, which the Indian consumers could not identify with. Also, they did not focus on competition from other alternatives such as lemonade, Lassi etc.
These products had been around for centuries, and were also cheaper alternatives to Coca-
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Cola. However, things were brought under control when Thums Up was bought over by Coca Cola, and more attention was paid by the company on their marketing mix. With the lowering of their prices by almost 15-20%, introduction of newer products which appealed to the Indian tastes, more investment in market research and focussing on the target group of 18-24 year olds, they were able to increase their market share and build brand loyalty.
Coca Cola today, has made significant investments to build its business in India. It has also generated employment for almost 1,25,000 people in related industry through its procurement, supply and distribution cycles.
The soft drink industry today is growing steadily due to the booming economy, strengthened middle class and low per capita consumption. With the increase in health consciousness among the urban consumers, the company has introduced newer products such as Diet Coke, which contain lesser calories than ordinary Coca Cola. This is also responsible for the company shifting focus from carbonated drinks to Fruit Drinks / Juices and bottled water. The rural market had also been identified by Coca-Cola India as an attractive target, with almost 70% of the countrys population. The company has recorded significant growth in recent years
Coca Cola India has also taken many initiatives as a responsible corporate citizen, by tying up with many NGOs such as BAIF (or Bharatiya Agro Industries Foundation), SOS Childrens Villages and Save the Children. It has also taken initiatives to promote education in rural areas.
Technological Analysis:
Coca-Cola has started operations of its R&D facility in India, with the view of localizing its product portfolio. The major focus would be on non carbonated drinks and flavours. The companys R&D team has already rolled out drinks such as Maaza aam panna and also a Maaza mango milk drink, and is exploring options to enter new categories in India such as juices in localised flavours, energy drinks, sports drinks and flavoured water. These initiatives are being taken by the company to further expand their product portfolio.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India With the increasing importance of 360 degree media tools and overall ad spend on social media sets likely to grow by almost 44%, Coca-Cola has increased ad spend on the internet. Case in point is the recent 2009 Sprite campaign, which was first launched on the internet.
Environmental Analysis:
Coca Cola has earned a title of environment friendly company and Coca Cola India too has followed in the footsteps. Coca Cola Indias Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), is an initiative that prioritizes many social and environmental issues; one of them being water conservation. They support many community based rainwater harvesting projects and help lending conservation education. The company has made sure that the following ideas are considered during their operations: 1. Environmental due diligence before acquiring land 2. Environmental impact assessment before commencing project 3. Ground water and environment survey before selecting the site 4. Ban on purchasing CFC emitting refrigerating equipment 5. Waste water treatment facilities 6. Compliance with all regulatory environmental requirements 7. Energy conservation programs By following these guidelines Coca-Cola India has helped the environment with consistent profits and success. They seek to provide leadership in three different areas, these are as follows: 1. Water efficiency and water quality 2. Energy efficiency 3. Eliminating or minimizing solid waste.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
Though being an environmental friendly company, Coca Cola India had to face its share of controversies. On 4th February, 2003, Centre of Science and Environment in India, released a report based on experiment done by Pollution Monitoring Laboratory. In the experiment, they tested 17 packaged drinking water brands and found that, Coca Colas Kinley has 15 times more pesticide residual levels than the stipulated norms, Bisleri had 59 times and Aquaplus had 109 times. The main law governing the food safety is the 1954 Prevention of food alteration act, which stated that pesticides should not be present in any food item but did not have law against pesticides being present in soft drinks. However, the Food Processing Order 1955 stated that the main ingredient used in soft drinks must be potable water but the Bureau of Indian Standards had no prescribed standards for pesticides in water. But later it was found that BIS had stated that pesticides should not be present or it should not exceed 0.001 part per million. Further, the health ministry of India admitted that there were lapses in PFA regarding carbonated drinks.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
Legal Analysis:
As the Indian consumer is getting more educated, the government is also paying special attention to consumer laws. In the past, there were not so many laws protecting the benefits to the consumer but now every business has to go by the law and fix their operations, strategies so as to satisfy their consumers, and employees. Keeping in mind the consumer laws, employment laws, antitrust law, discrimination laws etc. a business should plan out everything.
Consumer Laws
In the present scenario, consumer is the king, if a product is defective, not meeting the stated standards a consumer can complain against the manufacturer. Complaining and getting the verdict the court has made very fast and efficient as government of India has installed new consumers courts. Their main job is to see that the consumer benefits are being met or not. When producing their beverages, Coca Cola India has to make sure that they have written price, manufacturing date, expiry date, batch no, nutritional facts are written on the packed product. Employment Laws Ministry of Labour makes the laws for proper employment in the country. They have stipulated norms on employing people from the country and getting expatriates in the company as well. India has strict laws against employing child labour. Being a male dominated society, the ministry has made sure that female employees are treated with respect and given equal importance at the work place. Every field of work has got its own wage, these are to meet the norms and laws set by the labour ministry. When employing anyone, coca cola India cannot discriminate on social, regional or any racists basis. If it is found that the company has been violating the law, it has to face strict action and fines.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India laws that the company must abide by when producing it. Ministry of Food Processing Industries makes and oversees the laws and norms for the food processing industries. The Indian Parliament has recently passed the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 that overrides all other food related laws. It will specifically repeal eight laws:
The Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954. The Fruit Products Order, 1955. The Meat Food Products Order, 1973. The Vegetable Oil Products (Control) Order, 1947. The Edible Oils Packaging (Regulation) Order, 1998. The Solvent Extracted Oil, De oiled Meal, and Edible Flour (Control) Order, 1967. The Milk and Milk Products Order, 1992. Essential Commodities Act, 1955 relating to food.
From now on, the act establishes a regulatory body, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India. Anything that coca cola makes, have to make accordingly to the laws. They have to check the weight, volume and ingredients of the product. The export or the import of the products by the company has to meet the quality standards stipulated by the law.
Anti-trust law
The Competition Commission of India was made under the Indian Competition Act 2002, Monopolies Restrictive and Trade Practices Act 1969 was replaced by it. This committee looks after all the issues regarding unethical means of doing business, competition issues and any dispute between two different business entities. CLG competition and anti trust practices are as follows:
Representing clients before the MRTP Commission in monopolistic and restrictive trade practices and unfair trade practices matters.
Legal Advice and sophisticated insight into the international best practices on competition law.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India marketing, promotional materials, mergers, acquisitions, amalgamation, licensing, joint operation and research, joint buying, dominant-firm status etc.
Competition Audit and Due Diligence for developing appropriate guidelines for employees, distributors, agents, franchisees etc.
Legal Due Diligence on anti-competition, unfair and restrictive market practices. Drafting claims, counter-claims, replies, rejoinders, representations etc. on Competition Law and related legal issues. Strategic policing on anti-competition market practices and trends. Policy due diligence for mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures with appropriate antitrust safeguard measures and policy.
All these laws help Coca Cola India to maintain its own brand and values. Any other business trying to copy the brand of coca cola will face the strict action against itself. These laws help every business to compete in a fair environment. As it is known that the coca cola and Pepsi are the fiercest rivals in the beverage industry, the CCI makes sure that either of them does not indulge in unfair means to make profits and hurt each others business.
STRENGTHES
Distribution Network. Strong Brand Image. Low Cost of Operation.
SWOT ANALYSIS
WEAKNESSES
Health Care Issues. Small Scale Sector Reservations.
OPPORTUNITIES
Large Domestic Markets. Export Potential. High Income among People.
THREATS
Imports. Tax & Regulatory Sector. Slowdown in Rural Demand.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Fig 2.3 SWOT ANALYSIS OF COCA-COLA INDIA
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Partners. Performance.
LOW COST OF OPERATIONS In light of the companys Affordability Strategy, Coca-Cola went about bringing a cost-focus culture in the company. This included procurement Efficiencies through focus on key input materials, trade discipline and control and proactive tax management through tax incentives, excise duty reduction and creating marketing companies. These measures have reduced the costs of operations and increased profit margins.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India soft drink manufacturer. Coca-Cola India claims a 58 per cent share of the soft drinks market; this includes a 42 per cent share of the cola market.
Other products account for 16 per cent market share, chiefly led by Limca. The company appointed 50,000 new outlets in the first two months of this year, as part of its plans to cover one lakh outlets for the coming summer season and this also covered 3,500 new villages. In Bangalore, Coca-Cola amounts for 74% of the beverage market.
EXPORT POTENTIAL The Company can come up with new products which are not manufactured abroad, like Maaza etc and export them to foreign nations. It can come up with strategies to eliminate apprehension from the minds of the people towards the Coke products produced in India so that there will be a considerable amount of exports and it is yet another opportunity to broaden future prospects and cater to the global markets rather than just domestic market. HIGHER INCOME AMONG PEOPLE Development of India as a whole has lead to an increase in the per capita income thereby causing an increase in disposable income. Unlike olden times, people now have the power of buying goods of their choice without having to worry much about the flow of their income. Coca-Cola Company can take advantage of such a situation and enhance their sales.
THREATS: IMPORTS
As India is developing at a fast pace, the per capita income has increased over the years and a majority of the people are educated, the export levels have gone high. People understand trade to a large extent and the demand for foreign goods has increased over the years. If consumers shift onto imported beverages rather than have beverages manufactured within the country, it could pose a threat to the Indian beverage industry as a whole in turn affecting
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India the sales of the Company.
SLOWDOWN IN RURAL DEMAND The rural market may be alluring but it is not without its problems: Low per capita disposable incomes that is half the urban disposable income; large number of daily wage earners, acute dependence on the vagaries of the monsoon; seasonal consumption linked to harvests and festivals and special occasions; poor roads; power problems; and inaccessibility to conventional advertising media. All these problems might lead to a slowdown in the demand for the companys products.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
SCOPE OF THE STUDY:This study basically tries to discover the current position of Coca-cola in the market. It also tries to discover the preferences of the customers when posed with a choice between Coca-Cola and Pepsi. It is primarily directed to the general public but was done only in New Delhi, Noida and Greater Noida
RESEARCH DESIGN
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India A research design is the specification of methods and procedures for acquiring the needed information. It is overall operational pattern or framework of the project that stipulates what information is to be collected from which source by what procedure. There are three types of objectives in a marketing research project: Exploratory Research. Descriptive Research. Casual Research.
1. Exploratory Research:The objective of exploratory research is to gather preliminary information that will help define problems and suggest hypothesis.
2. Descriptive Research:The objective of descriptive research is to describe things, such as the market potential for a product or the demographics and attitudes of consumers who buy the product.
3. Casual Research:The objective of casual research is to test hypothesis about casual and effect relationships.
Based on the above definitions it can be established that this study is a Descriptive Research as the attitudes of the customers who buy the products have been stated. Through this study we are trying to analyze the various factors that may be responsible for the preference of Coca-Cola products.
SOURCES OF DATA
The data has been collected from both primary as well as secondary sources.
SECONDARY DATA:It is defined as the data collected earlier for a purpose other than one currently being pursued.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India As a researcher I have scanned lot of sources to get an access to secondary data which have formed a reference base to compare the research findings. Secondary data in this study has provided an insight and forms an outline for the core objectives established.
The various sources of secondary data used for this study are: News papers. Magazines. Text books. Marketing reports of the company. Internet.
PRIMARY DATA:The primary data has been collected simultaneously along with secondary data for meeting the established objectives to provide the solution for the problem identified in this study. The methods that have been used to collect the primary data are: Questionnaire. Personal Interview.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Percentages. Pie-charts. Bar-charts. Column charts.
SAMPLING DESIGN
An integral component of a research design is the sampling plan. Especially it addresses three questions: Whom to survey (sample Unit), how many to survey (Sample Size) and how to select them (sampling Procedure). Making the census study of the entire universe will be impossible on the account of limitations of time and money. Hence sampling becomes inevitable. A sample is only his portion of population. Properly done, sampling produces representative data of the entire population.
SAMPLE SIZE:i. ii. Through questionnaire 150 respondents. Through personal interview 27 respondents.
SAMPLING TOOL:Questionnaire was used as a main tool for the collection of data, mainly because it gives the chance for timely feedback from respondents. Moreover respondents feel free to disclose all necessary detail while filling up a questionnaire. Respondents seeking any clarification can easily be sorted out through tool.
Number
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India Personal Interview Customers Total Table 1.7 27 177
FIELD WORK:The study was conducted in New Delhi, Noida and Greater Noida. The questionnaires were given to the respondents to fill in order to get their feedback. Questions were read out to the respondents and the answers were noted.
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:The main purpose of this study is get idea about the preference of the customers towards various Coca-Cola products. But there are certain factors which affects this study they are as follow: Since the sampling procedure was judgmental, the sample selected may not be true representative of the population. Economic and market conditions are very unpredictable (Present and future). The project duration is limited to 4 weeks so it limits the area of study. The study was confined to New Delhi, Noida and Greater Noida due to which the result cannot be applied universally.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
5. DATA ANALYSIS
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
Below 20 10
20-30 159
30-40 6
40-50 1
above 50 1
Fig 2.4
Fig 2.5
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
Series1
Fig 2.6
Fig 2.7
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Supermarkets Retails Vendor Machines Pubs & Restaurant Multiplexes
S e r i e s 1
Supermarkets Series1 26
Retails 103
Vendor Machines 8
Multiplexes 20
Fig 2.8
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India have supermarkets and other purchasing channels present nearby, whereas, we can find retail shops in every corner.19% prefer to purchase from Supermarkets and Vendor machines. 23% prefer to purchase from Pubs, Restaurants and Multiplexes.
Parties
Cinemas
Picnics
Series1
Fig 2.9
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Coca-Cola Pepsi Other products of Coca-Cola Other products of Pepsi Other drinks
Number of responses
S e r i e s 1
Coca-Cola Series1 72
Pepsi 34
Other drinks 12
Fig 2.10
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
NO. OF RESPONDENTS
Fig 2.11
20% 26%
14%
40%
Fig 2.12
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India drink. Majority of the people wanting to see a fruit drink is mainly because people are more health conscious now and want to manage their calorie intake.
Quantity preference
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 200-250 ml Glass bottle 300 ml Can 500 ml Pet bottle 1 litre 2 litre Number of responses S e r i e s 1
Series1
300 ml Can 33
1 litre 5
2 litre 9
Fig 2.13
QUANTITY PREFERENCE:
From Fig 2.13, we infer that about 47% of respondents prefer to purchase PET bottle of Coca-Cola Products. About 27% prefer to purchase glass bottles, 19% prefer Can of 300ml and only 8% prefer 1 & 2 litre bottles of Coca-Cola.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
Branding
Pepsi products
Coca-Cola products 0 Series1 Coca-Cola products 109 50 100 Pepsi products 68 NO. OF RESPONDENTS 150
Fig 2.14
Pricing
150 100 50 0 Coca-Cola products Pepsi products Series1
Fig 2.15
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
Quality
150 100 50 0 Coca-Cola products Pepsi products Series1
Fig 2.16
TASTE
Pepsi products
Coca-Cola products 0 Series1 Coca-Cola products 130 50 100 Pepsi products 47 150
NO. OF RESPONDENTS
Fig 2.17
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
Availability
Pepsi products
Coca-Cola products 90
Fig 2.18
Satisfaction
50
100
150
Fig 2.19
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
SUGGESTIONS
The suggestions made in this section are based on the market study conducted as part of Coca-Cola India. The suggestions are arranged in order of priority, highest first. Perform a detail demand survey at regular interval to know about the unique needs and requirements of the customer. The company should make hindrance free arrangement for its customers/retailers to make any feedback or suggestions as and when they feel. The company should focus to bring some more flavors like health drinks and other low-calorie offerings. Coca-Cola India can also introduce some fruit based drinks, as it has already entered the energy drink arena with Burn. Coca-Colas distribution channel is mostly through retail. Whereas the competitors also concentrates more on the multiplexes, pubs and restaurants. Coca-Cola should try to increase their distribution in these areas. The company must keep a watch on its primary competitors in market in order to be able to compete with them. The company should use new attractive system of word of mouth advertisement to keep alive the general awareness in the whole market as a whole. The company should be always in a position to receive continuous feedback and suggestions from its customers/ consumers as well as from the market and try to solve it without any delay to establish its own good credibility. A strong watch should be kept on distributors so that the goodwill of the BRAND doesnt get affected.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
CONCLUSION
Though there were certain limitations in the study that was conducted. The sample allowed for some conclusions to be drawn on the basis of analysis that was done on the data collected. The data has clearly indicated that Coca-Cola products are more popular than the products of Pepsi mainly because of its TASTE, BRAND NAME, INNOVATIVENESS and AVAILABILITY, thus it should focus on good taste so that it can capture the major part of the market. The study also indicated that the consumers are satisfied with the Coca-Cola products and purchase them without any specific occasions. In todays scenario, customer is the king because he has got various choices around him. If you are not capable of providing him the desired result he will definitely switch over to the other provider. Therefore to survive in this cutthroat competition, you need to be the best. Customer is no more loyal in todays scenario, so you need to be always on your toes.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
WEBSITES: www.thecoca-colacompany.com www.news.bbc.co.uk www.india-server.com www.magindia.com www.coca-colaindia.com www.wikiinvest.com www.open2.net OTHERS Annual report of Coca-Cola 2008. Annual report of Coca-Cola 2009.
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
ANNEXURE
QUESTIONNAIRE
NAME: .............................................................................. GENDER: a) Male b) Female Do you drink Soft drinks? a) Yes b) No How often do you have soft drinks per week? a) Once a week b) Twice a week c) Thrice a week d) Everyday e) Rarely What drink comes to your mind when you think of soft drinks? a) Coca-Cola b) Pepsi c) Other products of Coca-Cola d) Other products of Pepsi e) Other drinks What quantity do you usually prefer to buy? a) 200-250 ml Glass bottle b) 300 ml Can c) 500 ml Pet bottle d) 1 litre e) 2 litre What do you feel about Coca-Cola product range? a) Excellent b) Good c) Satisfactory d) Below Satisfactory e) Bad
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Project Report on Coca-Cola Company and study of customer preference for Coca-Cola brands with reference to Coca-Cola India
What occasions do you prefer to buy Coca-Cola products? a) Festivals b) Picnics c) Parties d) Cinemas e) Just like that What is your most preferred channel for purchasing Coca-Cola products? a) Super markets b) Retails c) Vendor Machines d) Pubs & Restaurants e) Multiplexes How much do you spend on Coca-Cola products per week? a) 50-100 b) 100-150 c) 150-200 d) Above 200 Put (X) mark in which ever you feel is appropriate? Parameters / Product Coca-Cola Products 1) Branding 2) Quality 3) Price 4) Taste 5) Availability 6) Satisfaction
Pepsi Products
What kind of products do you want Coca-Cola to introduce in the future? a) Fizzy Drinks b) Fruit Drinks c) Energy Drinks d) Alcoholic Drinks
...............................................................................................................
Thank you!
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