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F325 QP
CHEMISTRY A
Unit F325: Equilibria, Energetics and Elements
Specimen Paper
Time: 1 hour 45
minutes
EN
Additional Materials:
Data Sheet for Chemistry (Inserted)
Scientific calculator
Candidate
Name
Candidate
Number
EC
IM
Centre
Number
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, Centre number and Candidate number in the boxes above.
Use blue or black ink. Pencil may be used for graphs and diagrams only.
Read each question carefully and make sure you know what you have
to do before starting your answer.
SP
PROVIDED.
Qu.
Max.
13
13
13
19
13
20
TOTAL
100
Mark
This document consists of 17 printed pages, 1 blank page, and a Data Sheet for Chemistry.
SP (SLM) T12103
[Turn Over
2
Answer all the questions.
1 One cause of low-level smog is the reaction of ozone, O3, with ethene, C2H4. The smog contains
methanal, HCHO(g).
The equation for methanal production is shown below as equation 1.1.
O3(g) + C2H4(g) 2HCHO(g) + O2(g)
The rate of the reaction was investigated, using a series of different concentrations of either
C2H4(g) or O3(g), by measuring the initial rate of formation of HCHO(g).
The results are shown below.
experiment
[O3(g)]
/ 107 mol dm3
[C2H4(g)]
/ 108 mol dm3
initial rate
/ 1012 mol dm3 s1
0.5
1.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
4.0
4.0
2.0
16.0
(i)
EN
Analyse and interpret the results to deduce the order of reaction of each reactant and
the rate equation.
EC
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(a)
equation 1.1
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(ii)
Calculate the value of the rate constant and state the units.
3
(iii) Using equation 1.1, deduce the initial rate of formation of O2(g) in experiment 1.
Explain your reasoning.
EN
EC
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(b)
[Total: 13]
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2 Phenol, C6H5OH, is a powerful disinfectant and antiseptic.
Phenol is a weak BrnstedLowry acid.
C6H5OH(aq)
(a)
A BrnstedLowry acid,
......................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii)
A weak acid.
......................................................................................................................................... [1]
When phenol is mixed with aqueous sodium hydroxide, an acidbase reaction takes place.
C6H5OH(aq)
......................
OH(aq)
.....................
C6H5O(aq)
.......................
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H2O(l)
.....................
[1]
(ii)
[1]
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(c)
EN
(b)
[5]
5
(d)
[3]
OH
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(e)
EC
IM
EN
Use your knowledge of buffer solutions to determine the concentration of sodium phenoxide
solution that the student would need to mix with the 0.200 mol dm3 phenol solution.
OH
CH2(CH2)4CH3
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[Total: 13]
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6
3 Syngas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases, used as a feedstock for the
manufacture of methanol.
A dynamic equilibrium was set up between carbon monoxide, CO, hydrogen, H2, and methanol,
CH3OH, in a 2.0 dm3 sealed vessel.
The equilibrium is shown by equilibrium 3.1 below.
CO(g) + 2H2(g)
CH3OH(g)
equilibrium 3.1
(a)
component
CO(g)
H2(g)
CH3OH(g)
number of moles
at equilibrium
6.20 103
4.80 102
5.20 105
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(i) Write an expression for Kc for this equilibrium system.
EC
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(b)
[1]
The pressure was increased whilst keeping the temperature constant. The mixture was left
to reach equilibrium.
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(c)
(ii)
7
(d)
The temperature was increased whilst keeping the pressure constant. The mixture was left
to reach equilibrium.
The value of Kc for equilibrium 3.1 decreased.
(i)
(ii)
Deduce the sign of the enthalpy change for the forward reaction shown in equilibrium 3.1.
Explain your reasoning.
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(ii)
EN
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[Total: 13]
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(e)
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4 Table 4.1 shows the enthalpy changes needed to calculate the lattice enthalpy of calcium
oxide, CaO.
Table 4.1
+590
+1150
141
+ 791
635
+178
+248
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EC
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(i) Explain why the second ionisation energy of calcium is more endothermic than the
first ionisation energy of calcium.
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(ii) Suggest why the second electron affinity of oxygen is positive.
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SP
(a)
process
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9
(b)
EC
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EN
energy/
kJ mol1
(c)
SP
The lattice enthalpies of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide are different.
Comment on this difference.
In your answer you should make clear how the sizes of the lattice enthalpies are related to
any supporting evidence.
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10
Most metals can be extracted by reduction from compounds obtained from their
naturally-occurring ores.
Metals such as calcium and magnesium are normally extracted by electrolysis but it is
feasible that calcium oxide could be reduced by carbon as shown in equation 4.1.
CaO(s) + C(s) Ca(s) + CO(g)
equation 4.1
Use the data in the table below to help you answer parts (i)(iii) below.
CaO(s)
C(s)
Ca(s)
CO(g)
635
110
S o /J K1 mol1
39.7
5.7
41.4
197.6
Hf /kJ mol
o
Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the CaO reduction in equation 4.1.
EN
(i)
Calculate the standard entropy change for the CaO reduction in equation 4.1.
EC
IM
(ii)
(iii)
Calculate the minimum temperature at which the carbon reduction in equation 4.1
is feasible.
SP
(d)
11
5 Use the standard electrode potentials in the table below to answer the questions that follow.
Fe2+(aq) + 2e Fe(s)
II
V3+(aq) + e
III
2H+(aq) + 2e
IV
O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e
E o = 0.44 V
E o = 0.26 V
V2+(aq)
E o = 0.00 V
H2(g)
2H2O(l)
E o = +0.40 V
Write half-equations to show what has been oxidised and what has been reduced in this cell.
EN
(a)
reduction:
(ii)
EC
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oxidation:
[2]
An electrochemical fuel cell was set up based on systems III and IV.
(i)
(ii)
SP
(b)
Construct an equation for the spontaneous cell reaction. Show your working.
[2]
Fuels cells based on systems such as III and IV are increasingly being used to
generate energy.
Discuss two advantages and two disadvantages of using fuels cells for energy rather
than using fossil fuels.
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[Total: 9]
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12
6 This question looks at different chemical compounds used in medicine.
(a)
[3]
The structure of the painkiller ibuprofen is shown below.
EN
OH
Suggest a chemical that would react with a solution of ibuprofen to produce a gas.
EC
IM
Name the gas produced and write an equation for the reaction.
chemical......................................................................................................................................
gas ..............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
equation
SP
(b)
[2]
13
(c)
EC
IM
EN
Analyse and interpret this information to determine the molecular formula of eugenol.
SP
(d)
[5]
[Total: 13]
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7 This question looks at the chemistry of transition elements.
(a)
(i) Explain what is meant by the terms transition element, complex ion and ligand,
(ii) Discuss, with examples, equations and observations, the typical reactions of transition
elements.
In your answer you should make clear how any observations provide evidence for the
type of reaction discussed.
[11]
Describe, using suitable examples and diagrams, the different shapes and stereoisomerism
shown by complex ions.
In your answer you should make clear how your diagrams illustrate the type of
stereoisomerism involved.
[9]
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(b)
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[Total: 20]
Paper Total [100]
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EN
17
Copyright Acknowledgements:
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought
and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (OCR) to trace copyright
holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make
amends at the earliest opportunity.
OCR is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
OCR 2007
18
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BLANK PAGE
CHEMISTRY A
F325
SP
EC
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EN
[Turn Over
2
Question
Number
1(a)(i)
Max
Mark
Answer
O3: Exp 2 has 4 times [H2] as Exp 1
and rate increases by 4 3,
so order = 1 with respect to O3 3
C2H4: Exp 3 has 2 x [C2H4] and 2 x [O3] as Exp 2;
and rate has increased by 4 3,
so order = 1 with respect to C2H4 3
rate = k [O3] [C2H4] 3
[5]
[3]
(iii)
[1]
(iv)
(b)
1O2(g) O3(g)/
O2(g) + O2(g) O3(g) 3
(ii)
(b)
EC
IM
[1]
[3]
H+/proton donor 3
[1]
partially dissociates/ionises 3
[1]
SP
2(a)(i)
EN
use of k = rate / [O3] [C2H4] = 1.0 x 1012 / (0.5 x 107 x 1.0 x 108) to
obtain a calculated value 9
k = 2 x 103 3
units: dm3 mol1 s1 3
(ii)
C6H5OH(aq)
acid 1
OH(aq)
base 2
C6H5O(aq)
base 1
H2O(l)
acid 2
[1]
Question
Number
(c)(i)
(ii)
[5]
[3]
(b)(i)
(ii)
SP
3(a)
[1]
EC
IM
(e)
Max
Mark
Mr C6H5OH = 94 3
[C6H5OH(aq)] 4.7/94 = 0.050 mol dm3 3
1.3 x 1010 [H+(aq)]2 / 0.050 mol dm3 3 (= sign is acceptable)
[H+] = { (1.3 x 1010) x (0.050) } = 2.55 x 106 mol dm3 3
pH = log[H+] = log 2.55 x 106 = 5.59 3
EN
(d)
Answer
[1]
[2]
[1]
[4]
Question
Number
(ii)
(e)(i)
(ii)
4(a)(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)
[1]
None 3
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
adds oxygen/oxygenated 3
[1]
EN
(d)(i)
EC
IM
(ii)
Max
Mark
[2]
[2]
1st EA 2nd
[5]
SP
(c)(i)
Answer
[3]
525 kJ mol1 3
[1]
(ii)
193.6 J K1 mol1 3
[1]
(iii)
uses G = H TS 3
To be feasible, G = 0 or G < 0 3
minimum T = H / S 3
Converts S from J to kJ/1000 or converts H from kJ to J 3
2712 K/ 2438 oC / 2439 oC 3 (units essential)
[5]
(d)(i)
Question
Number
5(a)(i)
(ii)
(b)(i)
[2]
Ecell = 0.18 V 3
[1]
[2]
advantages:
only H2O formed/ non-polluting
greater efficiency 3
(c)
empirical formula
N : O = 63.64/14 : 36.36/16 9
= 4.56 : 2.27 = 2 : 1. Empirical formula = N2O 9
molecular formula
Mr of gas = 1.833 x 24 = 44 9 (calc 43.992)
with these two pieces of evidence, assume that molecular formula = N2O
[4]
[3]
SP
(b)
EC
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disadvantages:
H2 difficult to store 3
H2 difficult to manufactured initially /
limited life cycle of H2 adsorber/absorber 3
6(a)
Max
Mark
oxidation: Fe Fe2+ + 2e 3
reduction: V3+ + e V2+ 3
EN
(ii)
Answer
[2]
Mr(Lidocaine) = 236 9
moles Novocaine = 100 x 103/236 = 4.24 x 104 9
concentration of Novocaine = 4.24 x 104 x (1000/5)
= 0.0847/0.0848 mol dm3 9
[3]
Question
Number
(d)
Answer
Max
Mark
EC
IM
(ii)
transition element: has at least one ion with a partly filled d-orbital 3
example showing electronic configuration with d orbital as between d1
d9 3
[2]
[2]
precipitation: equation 3
colour of precipitate 3
[2]
[2]
SP
7(a)(i)
EN
[5]
redox: equation 3
colour change 3
[2]
[1]
[11]
Question
Number
Max
Mark
complex ions:
octahedral example 3
with 3-D diagram 3
[2]
tetrahedral example 3
with 3-D diagram 3
[2]
[2]
EN
stereoisomerism:
cis-trans example, e.g. Ni(NH3)2Cl2; platin with 3-D diagram 3
optical example, e.g. Ni(en)32+ 3
with 3D diagrams 3
EC
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SP
(b)
Answer
Paper Total
[3]
[1]
[Max: 9]
[100]
8
Assessment Objectives Grid (includes QWC)
Question
AO1
AO2
1(a)(i)
AO3
Total
1(a)(ii)
1(a)(iii)
1(a)(iv)
1(b)
2(a)(i)
2(a)(ii)
1
1
2(c)(i)
2(c)(ii)
2(d)
2(e)
3(a)
2
5
3(c)
3(d)(i)
3(d)(ii)
3(e)(i)
3(e)(ii)
4(a)(i)
4(a)(ii)
4(b)
4(c)
4(d)(ii)
4(d)(iii)
5(a)(i)
5(a)(ii)
5(b)(ii)
5
2
1
1
1
5
3
1
2
5(b)(i)
SP
4(d)(i)
EC
IM
3(b)
EN
2(b)
6(a)
6(b)
6(c)
3
5
6(d)
7(a)
11
11
7(b)
Totals
36
54
10
100