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Huawei Confidential
Handover
What is
Handover procedure in network? Handover Um signaling flow? Purpose of Handover Analysis in DT?
Handover Procedure
Uplink MR (Measured by BTS) RXLEV Uplink RXQUAL Uplink TA Current BTS TX power
Neighbor Cell_1 Do
Rx k in nl r) nd ow rve DServing Cell ma e Neighbor Cell2 m (S el co ev O L H Rx MR k lin link Neighbor Cell2 Serving Cell Up wn Do ss cce u rS ove nd Ha
el ev L
HO
co m ma nd
MS in dedicated mode will continuously perform measurements on serving and neighbor cells. Measurement Reports are sent to BSC and used in the handover algorithm.
Downlink MR (Measured by MS) Downlink RXLEV(Sever) Downlink RXQUAL(Sever) RXLEV_NCELL(n) on the 6 best neighboring cells (+BSIC)
BSC
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Target cell Description Target BCCH of Neighborschannel Description Channel Type, Timeslot Serving Cell: to be measured
TSC DL DTX is ON RF is -109+ RxLev(sub) hopping 62 =--49dBm MAIO, HSN RxQual (sub) is 0
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Handover Types
Different handover types by network topology Different handover types by algorithm PBGT handover Quality handover Edge Handover Intracell Handover Other types of handover
BSC
BSC
BSC
BSC
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
Case 4
Case 5
Intra cell HO Synchronous Inter cell HO Asynchronous Inter cell HO Inter BSC HO Inter MSC HO
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Handover Types(Algorithm)
In DT, the most common handover types happens in following order of priority TA RxQuality RxLevel PBGT OL&UL
OM Forced HO Directed Retry
TA Emergency HO
Edge HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
Interference HO
Load HO
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PBGT Handover
PBGT HO Exp: When:
RXLEV_NCELL(n) (RXLEVEL+ PWR_DIFF) > HO_MARGIN HO_MARGIN > 0
RXLEV_NCELL(n)
Serving Cell
Target Cell
MS is handed over to the neighboring cell . HO_MARGIN is usually set to 3 to 6 dB. HO_MARGIN could be increased to reduce number of handovers. HO_MARGIN should be decreased if faster handover decision is wanted. PBGT Handover is considered as most healthy handover in a network.
RX LEVEL + PWR_DIFF
PBGT HO
Power-budget Distance
A typical PBGT HO
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Quality Handover
Quality Handover Exp: When:
DL RxQuality >= DL Quality HO Threshold
handover caused by UL RxQuality takes place. DL&UL Quality HO Thresholds are generally set to 6. UL Quality HO cant be monitored in DT.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Handover was performed to a better quality cell just after experiencing quality problems.
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EDGE Handover
Edge Handover Exp: When:
DL RxLevel < Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold
handover caused by UL RxQuality takes place. UL EDGE handover cant be monitored in DT. Handover was performed to the cell with higher downlink Rxlev.
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For analysis of different types of handover or handover caused by uplink, it is recommended by traffic analysis or single-user signaling tracing.
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Handover Issues
What is
Dragged Handover Power Control Effect PingPong Handover Missing Neighbor Relation Fake Neighbor Handover Failure
Dragged Handover
There will be such cases that you will notice handover process taking place a little late, which is called dragged handover.
First thing to check will be handover margins between the neighbors. If margins for level, quality or power budget handovers are not set correctly, If margins are too much, handover will happen late, vice versa.
Dragged handover events often occur after a GSM serving cell loses dominance for a significant time period. Dragged Handover often cause Call Drop or Handover Failure.
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Power control
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Ping-pong Handover
Ping-pong handovers occur when the MS is handed over from one cell to another but is quickly handed back to the original cell.
The shot shows two pingpong handovers displayed on the map along with the Servering CI attribute. The first ping-pong handover is from cell 12424 to cell 12368 and back and the second is from cell 12424 to cell 12366 and back. Changes in the value of the CI is shown below the route. It can be clearly visualized by lines to cells display.
Ping-pong HO
For most cases, Ping-pong Handover is caused by no dominant cell. There was a handover back to cell 12366 after the second ping-pong handover, but this was outside of the defined window. The change in dominance after the handover was 9dB, which represents a much healthier handover.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 17
The shot shows after second handover in the red box, a much stronger Serving Cell appears. At this time Neighbor audit should be performed.
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Handover Failure
Handover Failure: Handover attempt was failed and the call returned back to its all channel.
Target Cell is BCCH is 13 BSIC is 65 Target channel is 900M RF Handover hopping Channel. Failure Half Rate MA list is 1, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 The handover has MAIO is 4, HSN is 31, not successfully completed yet! TSC is 5. Channel mode is AMR(SV3)is Handover Failure Another example: Excessive Number of Handover caused by T200 Expired
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Thank you
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