Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Inherency.....................................................................................................................................................................................17
Inherency.....................................................................................................................................................................................18
Inherency.....................................................................................................................................................................................19
Inherency.....................................................................................................................................................................................20
Inherency – Costs........................................................................................................................................................................21
Army Dependent On Oil.............................................................................................................................................................22
Now Key To End Dependence....................................................................................................................................................23
Mil Uses A Lot Of Oil.................................................................................................................................................................24
Oil Key To Mil............................................................................................................................................................................25
Increased Oil Key To Mil............................................................................................................................................................26
Military Key To Heg...................................................................................................................................................................27
Military Key to Ending Oil Dependency....................................................................................................................................28
Plan Solves Casualties.................................................................................................................................................................29
Heg Good - Kagan.......................................................................................................................................................................30
Heg Good - Kagan.......................................................................................................................................................................31
Heg Good - Kagan.......................................................................................................................................................................32
Heg Good - Terrorism.................................................................................................................................................................33
Heg Good - Economy..................................................................................................................................................................34
Heg Good – East Asia War..........................................................................................................................................................35
HE -> FCS...................................................................................................................................................................................36
HE -> FCS...................................................................................................................................................................................37
HE -> FCS...................................................................................................................................................................................38
FCS Key To Heg.........................................................................................................................................................................39
FCS Spending Low.....................................................................................................................................................................40
FCS Key To Heg.........................................................................................................................................................................41
FCS Key To Iraq..........................................................................................................................................................................42
FCS Key To Iraq..........................................................................................................................................................................43
FCS Key To Readiness................................................................................................................................................................44
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Alt Energy Key To Iraq...............................................................................................................................................................45
Alt Energy Key To Iraq...............................................................................................................................................................46
ME War Bad - Nassar..................................................................................................................................................................47
Iraq Bad – Prolif..........................................................................................................................................................................48
Iraq Bad – Democracy.................................................................................................................................................................49
SkyBuilts Rock............................................................................................................................................................................50
SkyBuilts Rock............................................................................................................................................................................51
SkyBuilts Rock............................................................................................................................................................................52
AT Costs A Lot............................................................................................................................................................................53
DARPA Solves FCS....................................................................................................................................................................54
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Contention 1: Inherency
Lack of funding prevents hybrid electric vehicle development in the military
now
Sandra Erwin, Editor of the National Defense Industrial Association, 9/1/06, http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/summary_0199-
5762818_ITM
In truth, it is hard to see how Rumsfeld’s directive could change the reality of a military that mostly operates guzzlers, and has
no tangible plans to change that. Just two years ago, the Environmental Protection Agency gave the Pentagon a "national
security exemption" so it can continue to drive trucks with old, energy-inefficient engines that don't meet the emissions
standards required for commercial trucks.
The Army once considered replacing the mother of all fuel-gorgers, the Abrams tank engine, with a more efficient diesel plant.
But the Army leadership then reversed course because it was too expensive. Most recently, the Army cancelled a program to
produce hybrid-diesel humvees, and has slowed down the development of other hybrid trucks in the medium and heavy fleets.
The Air Force has been contemplating the replacement of its surveillance, cargo and tanker aircraft engines, but the project was
deemed too costly, and not worth any potential fuel savings.
Subsequent to Rumsfeld's 2005 snowflake, a number of military and civilian Pentagon officials have been eager to publicize
various science projects aimed at energy conservation, such as research into synthetic fuels, biofuels, hydrogen fuel cells, wind
farms and solar power, to name a few.
SkyBuilt hybrid electric generators have been deployed and been effective,
but increased spending is needed to fully supply the Army
Massod Farivar, staff writer for the Wall Street Journal, 1/9/07, Military Looks to SkyBuilt for Oil Savings and Renewable Power,
http://www.skybuilt.com/pr_wsj.htm
January 9, 2007 — Recent energy-market disruptions have added urgency to the U.S. military's efforts to curb its use of oil and
other fuels. But the effort faces considerable obstacles, including the difficulty in figuring out how much it spends on energy to
begin with. In the year ended Sept. 30, the Defense Department spent, by its estimate, $13 billion on fuel amounting to 134
million barrels of oil for the year, up from 107 million barrels of oil in 2000. The wars in Afghanistan and Iraq led to a surge in
fuel use in that period, according to the Defense Energy Support Center, a government agency that buys fuel from private-
sector companies and supplies it to the armed forces. The most recent figure is more than the entire nation of Sweden
consumed in 2005. (Still, it adds up to less than 2% of daily U.S. consumption.) As energy prices have surged and volatility
has increased in important oil-producing regions, the military is redoubling efforts to rein in consumption through
conservation, increased fuel-efficiency measures and greater use of alternative energy. The effort picked up in earnest
following the 2005 Atlantic Ocean hurricanes, which devastated the Gulf Coast, lifted prices to records and highlighted the
vulnerability of supplies. "Katrina was a wake-up call," says Michael Aimone, assistant deputy chief of staff of the Air Force
who oversees the force's energy-conservation efforts. The Pentagon is planning to spend more than $2 billion in the next five
years on energy initiatives, which could help spur development of energy sources for use in other sectors. "The contribution
[the military's efforts] will make will be in leadership rather than actual conservation," said Rep. Roscoe Bartlett, a Maryland
Republican, who last year formed a bipartisan panel called the Defense Energy Working Group to study the issue. James
Woolsey, a former Central Intelligence Agency director who heads the policy panel of one of two Pentagon energy task forces,
said the drive to curb energy use is being fueled less by high prices than an increasing awareness about the "vulnerability and
insecurity of supplies" world-wide. The effect of the Pentagon's interest in conservation and alternative energy can be seen
from military bases and hangers to the battlefields of Iraq and Afghanistan. In late July, Marine Corps Maj. Gen. Richard
Zilmer, commander of U.S. forces in Iraq's insurgent al-Anbar province, asked for a shipment of mobile solar panels and wind
turbines to supplement gas-guzzling generators at bases under his command. Cutting "the military's dependence on fuel for
power generation could reduce the number of road-bound convoys" and U.S. casualties resulting from insurgent attacks on
U.S. supply convoys, Gen. Zilmer wrote in a memo. The Army's Rapid Equipping Force, the unit responsible for processing
such requests, has contracted SkyBuilt Power of Arlington, Va., to build four hybrid power stations for delivery this spring.
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Plan: The United States federal government should substantially increase
funding for the Department of Defense in order to develop and acquire hybrid
electric vehicles and fully equip the military with SkyBuilt Renewable Energy
Trailers
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Contention 2: Harder Better Faster Stronger
Hybrid electric vehicles boost the military’s battlefield strategy and increases
readiness – mobility and electricity generation
D’Oro, 5/27/04, The Associated Press State & Local Wire, Rachel, Army Shows Off Alternative Energy Options
Hybrid tankers that can power an entire airfield. Electric chariots that can zip soldiers to their destinations. Fuel cell-powered
all terrain vehicles that can roll along in near silence.
These are among alternative-energy vehicles being developed by the Army, which showed off a dozen prototypes Thursday at
Elmendorf Air Force Base. The Army envisions the vehicles greatly reducing its fuel consumption on the battlefield and at
urban posts in the near future with technology other military branches are watching closely. In fact, the Air Force has assigned a
representative to the Army's Detroit-based National Automotive Center, which is developing the vehicles through partnerships
with manufacturers. "Our intention is to find common-use items that work not only commercially but with the military," said
Army spokesman Eric Emerton. The open house at an Elmendorf hangar was the show-and-tell portion of a four-day
symposium in Anchorage co-hosted by the Army to explore clean energy sources for and from Alaska. Military and industry
engineers and others led visitors around vehicles ready for use and under development. Examples ranged from relatively
humble Segway Human Transporters and three-wheel American Chariots to a heavy-duty hybrid truck and two versions of a
surveillance carrier. All represent the virtues of energy-saving technology that's so crucial at a time when the Army burns
750,000 gallons of fuel a day in Iraq alone, said NAC Director Dennis Wend. "We can take these technologies and reduce our
fuel on the battlefield," he said. "At the same time, we can put these technologies on our bases and be a good neighbor to our
industrial partners by sharing information." Reality, however, is three to five years away for the more advanced equipment,
according to Wend. The automotive research center, created a decade ago, has intensified its alternative energy development
only in the last few years. Besides corporate money, the center receives $100 million in federal research and development
funds. But a recent $60 million infusion for a two-year pilot program will enable it to develop hybrid battlefield trucks. "If that
works out successfully, we could be looking at another billion dollars to put them into production, to actually produce several
thousand vehicles for the Army's battlefields," Wend said. Among the more impressive items on display was the SmarTruck II,
a technologically enhanced armored vehicle. The modified Chevrolet Silverado is loaded with gear that would make James
Bond proud - luxury seats, a missile launcher, electric generator and far-range surveillance equipment, including night-vision
capabilities. All that would make the hybrid-electric ideal for vulnerable urban settings such as Baghdad, Iraq, according to its
developers, which include Integrated Concepts & Research Corp., a subsidiary of Kodiak-based Native Regional corporation
Koniag Inc. Then there's the tanklike hybrid-electric diesel truck developed with Oshkosh, Wis.-based Oshkosh Truck Corp.,
which builds the Army's large off-road vehicles as well as civilian fire and refuse trucks. Painted in camouflage tones, the
Oshkosh HEMTT consumes less fuel and puts out reduced emissions compared with its traditionally fueled counterparts. The
vehicle also can produce 350 kilowatts of electricity while its 505 horsepower engine idles. The company tested the vehicle's
onboard generator at the Whittman Airfield in Oshkosh, providing lighting for the control tower and a 14,000-foot runway for
two hours. It was a hit - signifying numerous applications for the military and civilians alike, said company engineer Chris
Yakes. "There's the fuel economy and the power production capabilities," Yakes said. "It can be used for anything from natural
disasters to homeland security."
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Hybrid electric vehicles are key to recon surveillance and increased mobility
Defense Update, International Online Defense Magazine, 11/20/05, Shadow - Reconnaissance, Surveillance and Targeting Vehicle
(RST-V), http://www.defense-update.com/products/s/Shadow-afv.htm
Under the Reconnaissance, Surveillance and Targeting Vehicle (RST-V) program, the Marine Corps, DARPA and the Office of
Naval Research (ONR) demonstrated the capabilities of a prototype hybrid electric drive designed for recce missions. The
vehicle, dubbed Shadow, is an advanced technology demonstrator 4x4 vehicles, which can be carried internally in the V 22 tilt-
rotor, CH-53, CH-46 helicopters and C-130 transporters, providing quick deployment and deep insertion capability.
It was constructed with advanced materials to reduce weight and improve protection and survivability. Hybrid-electric
propulsion system and advanced suspension is utilized to improve on-road and cross-country mobility. The vehicle is equipped
with an RST mission package including navigation/geolocation capability, surveillance, reconnaissance and target acquisition
systems, wireless and on-the-move satellite communications and advances situational awareness systems.
Increased R & D now allows for transition to hybrid electric vehicles now
instead of inefficient and expensive FCS vehicles that will come online in 10
years – key to preventing casualties
Colonel Douglas MacGregor, retired senior military officer, PHD in International Relations, Bronze Star Winner, bestselling author
June 2004, transcript from Lehrer’s News Hour, http://www.geocities.com/equipmentshop/m113combat.htm
Actions that deny our Soldiers the tools they need to win and survive speak louder than words and promises of inadequate
wheeled solutions later (or most probably never). The Soldiers in Iraq don't care about whose "vision of warfare" gets the
limelight, they want WHAT WORKS and will kill the enemy and get them home alive to their families with all their limbs
intact. Up-armoring sides, underbelly and providing gunshields on the Army's M113 Gavins light tracked AFVs would cost a
mere $78K each and for less than $500K would make them hybrid-electric silent and stealthy to sneak up on hiding enemies
TODAY instead of waiting 10 years from now for a mythical $10 million each, Future Combat System (FCS). Hybrid-Electric
M113 Gavins would have all the electrical power Soldiers could ever need to run all the computers and electronic gadgets the
Army is so infatuated with. Going to band tracks while slightly reducing land mine blast resistance is countered by the fact that
with Hybrid Electric drive we can put the driver/TC farther back in the hull away from over the current driver position over the
left track offset from the right front engine arrangement. The reason is that HE drive can be run by wire controls so the driver
can actually be ANYWHERE on or off the vehicle. Another benefit of HE drive is you can then build a "V" channel wall on the
left and right of the centerline driver/TC for a secondary bulkhead against land mines.
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Lack of support causes isolationism, collapsing hegemony
Richard K. Betts, Professor of War and Peace Studies at Columbia, 2005,
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/siwps/publication_files/betts/The%20Political%20Support%20System%20for%20American%20Primacy
%20-%20Betts.pdf
There is dissent in the United States from the enthusiasm for exploiting primacy, but the dissenters have been unable to capture
a base big enough to exert political leverage. Primacy has so far been popular among Americans— and tolerated by foreigners
—because of the balance between moral and material interests. Americans have long been able to indulge moral interests (for
example, promotion of values such as democracy and human rights) because Americans’ margins of material power and
security are so large that it is often easy to do so at low cost, and if mistakes are made they rarely hurt them much. In terms of
material costs and benefits, Americans are happy to intervene abroad if the benefits for foreigners and American amour propre
are high while the costs in American blood and treasure are low. In this, and in the conditional approval conferred by other
major states (when US control proceeds under the norms and forms of international consultation and cooperation with
international institutions), we see the global hegemony of classic liberal ideology, and political globalization as western
hegemony within which the United States is dominant. The liberal values that Americans used to think of as part of their
national exceptionalism have now permeated the identity, policies and diplomacy of the rest of the developed world. In the
twenty-first century the old realist norms of balance-of-power politics traditionally associated with European diplomacy, and
rejected by Wilsonian idealism, now have scarcely more overt respect in other rich countries than they do in the United States.
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Readiness is the backbone of US leadership
Zalmay Khalilzad, total BAMF, 1995, Spring, Washington Quarterly, “Losing the Moment? The United States and the World After
the Cold War”, Vol. 18, # 2, Lexis
A global rival to the United States could emerge for several reasons. Because the main deterrent to the rise of another global
rival is the military power of the United States, an inadequate level of U.S. military capability could facilitate such an event.
This capability should be measured not only in terms of the strength of other countries, but also in terms of the U.S. ability to
carry out the strategy outlined here. U.S. tradition makes the prospect of defense cuts below this level a serious possibility:
historically, the United States has made this error on several occasions by downsizing excessively. It faces the same danger
again for the longer term. The issue is not only what levels of resources are spent on defense but also on what, for what, and
how they are spent. For the United States to maintain its military preeminence, in addition to meeting possible major regional
contingencies (MRCs), it needs specific capability in three areas. First, besides maintaining a robust nuclear deterrent capability
because of concerns with Russian and Chinese existing or potential nuclear postures, the United States needs to acquire
increased capability to deter, prevent, and defend against the use of biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons in major
conflicts in critical regions. The regional deterrence requirements might well be different from those with regard to the Soviet
Union during the Cold War because of the character and motivations of different regional powers. U.S. ability to prevent and
defend against use is currently very limited. In the near term, therefore, to deter use of WMD against its forces and allies, the
United States may have to threaten nuclear retaliation.To counter the spread of WMD and their means of delivery (especially
ballistic and cruise missiles), the United States should seek to develop the capability to promptly locate and destroy even well-
protected facilities related to biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons and their delivery systems. Equally important will be
the ability to defend against the use of these weapons, including both active and passive defense. Deploying robust,
multilayered ballistic missile defenses is vital for protecting U.S. forwarddeployed forces and extending protection to U.S.
allies, thus gaining their participation and cooperation in defeating aggression in critical regions. Second, the United States
needs improved capability for decisive impact in lesser regional crises (LRCs) -- internal conflicts, small wars, humanitarian
relief, peacekeeping or peacemaking operations, punitive strikes, restoration of civil order, evacuation of noncombatant
Americans, safeguarding of security zones, and monitoring and enforcement of sanctions. Given the end of the Cold War, the
United States can be more selective in deciding when to become involved militarily. It has not been selective enough during the
past three years. Getting involved in LRCs can erode U.S. capabilities for dealing with bigger and more important conflicts.
Nevertheless, some crises may occur in areas of vital importance to the United States -- e.g., in Mexico, Cuba, South Africa, or
Saudi Arabia -- and others might so challenge American values as to produce U.S. military involvement. The United States
might also consider participating with allies in some LRCs because of a desire either to extend the zone of peace or to prevent
chaos from spreading to a critical region and thereby threatening the security of members of the zone of peace.
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Oil is currently the militaries only source of oil – loss of fuel source will
collapse military strength killing heg – transitioning to renewables is key
Michael T. Klare, 5 colleges professor of peace and security studies, 2005, accessed through Google books, Blood and Oil, p. 253
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Hybrid electrics solve military dependence on oil
Defense Update, International Online Defense Magazine, 5/20/06, Military Applications of
Hybrid Cars and Trucks, http://www.defense-update.com/features/du-3-05/feature-HED.htm
The US Army expects hybrid-electric powered trucks and the hybrid-electric Future Combat Systems (FCS) to help the service
attain its stated objective of 75 percent lower fuel consumption by 2020. Significant savings have already been demonstrated.
Operating as a hybrid, with a 24-gallon tank, a truck could travel 375 miles without refueling compared to a conventionally-
powered vehicle, traveling less than 60% of that range. Savings will not relate from the cost of fuel itself, but trim a
considerable volume off the army logistical transportation requirements – as fuel takes up about 70 percent of the logistical
tonnage haul in a heavy armored division.
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Contention 3: Iraq Attack
Army vehicles are worn down now, and funding has prevented replacements
from being funded. New fleets are key to winning the war
Mackenzie Eaglen, and Oliver Horn, Senior Policy Analysts for the Heritage Foundation, 2/12/08, Future Combat Systems:
Dispelling Widespread Myths of the US Army's Primary Modernization Program,
http://www.heritage.org/Press/Commentary/021208e.cfm
Skeptics argue that the US Army is already stretched to its limit fighting two wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Rather than invest
in a massive modernization program, they believe the Army should simply buy more of what it knows already works. This
equipment, however, is a legacy of the Cold War. While the platforms have unmatched ability to conduct direct conventional
operations, they are not designed to perform across the full spectrum of operations. In short, the streets of Baghdad, Najaf, and
Fallujah pose entirely different challenges than the plains of the Fulda Gap. Unfortunately, the Army was essentially forced to
"eat its own young" as a result of the defense drawdown of the 1990s. Faced with massive budget cuts and subsequent
contraction from 18 active-duty divisions to ten, the Army chose to maintain its heavy equipment at the expense of
modernization. The Army phased out the SHERIDAN, the service's only light tank, and cancelled its replacement, the Armored
Gun System (AGS). In addition, budget constraints halted research on the development of other advanced armored vehicles,
including the Future Scout and Cavalry System, replacements for the Humvee and BRADLEY Infantry Fighting Vehicle.
Meanwhile, major combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan are wearing down the Army's fleet of heavy vehicles. The Army
estimates that the operational tempo of ABRAMs and BRADLEYs in Iraq and Afghanistan has increased fivefold and sixfold,
respectively. Coupled with harsh environmental conditions, each year of deployment equals about five years of normal wear
and tear.[1] In a recent report, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) warned that the advanced age and high use of
equipment in current operations has reduced readiness and ballooned maintenance costs. As such, the Army urgently needs to
modernize more than at any other point in decades.
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SkyBuilt solves – hybrid batteries powered by small solar and wind generators
cuts costs and allows for increased mobility – key to success in Iraq
Mark Clayton, staff writer for the Christian Science Monitor, 9/7/06, In the Iraqi war zone, U.S. Army calls for 'green' power,
http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/techinnovations/2006-09-07-army-green-power_x.htm
"There aren't a lot of people who have expertise in this area of renewable power in combat operations," Mr. Jones says. "There
are a lot of people in the service who smell like diesel fuel, but not many who have been in the field using solar power and
hybrid-optimized solutions." Even so, he's noticed "there's much more interest today." The high cost of fuel, and troop
casualties in the Iraq war, may be changing that traditional outlook. One guy who thinks he can solve the general's problem is
Dave Muchow, president of SkyBuilt Power in Arlington, Va. Aided by funding from In-Q-Tel, a venture-capital firm for the
Central Intelligence Agency — SkyBuilt makes a hybrid solar-panel and wind-generator power system that fits in a standard
shipping container. It can be dropped onto a mountaintop or into the desert. Its solar panels and wind turbine deploy in minutes.
And where there's water, a "micro-hydro" unit can be dropped into a stream for an added boost. Such 007-style systems are not
cheap. Today, SkyBuilt's "mobile power system" can cost up to $100,000, compared with just $10,000 for a 10-kilowatt diesel
generator. But costs of such hybrid packages begin to look more reasonable when the cost is considered of delivering a gallon
of fuel to a generator gulping it 24/7. The true cost of fuel delivered to the battlefield — well prior to the recent oil price hike
— was $13 to $300 a gallon, depending on its delivery location, a Defense Science Board report in May 2001 estimated. An
analysis in Zilmer's memo puts the "true cost" for fuel for a 10-kilowatt diesel generator at $36,000 a year — about four times
the amount needed to purchase the fuel itself initially. The rest of the cost is due mainly to transportation. On that basis, a
SkyBuilt system could cut costs by 75% and pay for itself for three to five years, the memo estimates. But another cost is time.
Even though the Army's REF is moving on it, there is still no firm date for a request for proposal to be made public, the REF
spokesman acknowledges. Zilmer's memo, however, warns that without renewable power to replace fuel, victory could be
forfeited. "Without this solution, personnel loss rates are likely to continue at their current rate," the memo says. "Continued
casualty accumulation exhibits potential to jeopardize mission success." "At the tip of the spear is where the need to avoid the
cost of fuel logistics is most acute," says Amory Lovins, cofounder of the Rocky Mountain Institute, who led the 2004 study.
"If you don't need divisions of people hauling fuel, you can realign your force structure to be more effective as well as less
vulnerable."
2 Impacts
A. Middle East Stability
Victory in Iraq is key to Middle East stability
Wall Street Journal, 3/22/06, What if we lose?, http://www.theabsurdreport.com/2006/what-if-we-lose/
Broader Mideast instability. No one should underestimate America’s deterrent effect in that unstable region, a benefit that
would vanish if we left Iraq precipitously. Iran would feel free to begin unfettered meddling in southern Iraq with the aim of
helping young radicals like Moqtada al-Sadr overwhelm moderate clerics like the Grand Ayatollah Sistani. Syria would feel
free to return to its predations in Lebanon and to unleash Hezbollah on Israel. Even allies like Turkey might feel compelled to
take unilateral, albeit counterproductive steps, such as intervening in northern Iraq to protect their interests. Every country in
the Middle East would make its own new calculation of how much it could afford to support U.S. interests. Some would make
their own private deals with al Qaeda, or at a minimum stop aiding us in our pursuit of Islamists.
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The Middle East is the most likely threat to human survival, small crises merge
into global war within days, and the conflict is irreversible
Richard Holbrooke, Former US ambassador to UN, 8/11/06, Guns of August, http://www.nysun.com/article/37776
Two full-blown crises, in Lebanon and Iraq, are merging into a single emergency. A chain reaction could spread quickly almost
anywhere between Cairo and Bombay. Turkey is talking openly of invading northern Iraq to deal with Kurdish terrorists based there.
Syria could easily get pulled into the war in southern Lebanon. Egypt and Saudi Arabia are under pressure from jihadists to support
Hezbollah, even though the governments in Cairo and Riyadh hate that organization. Afghanistan accuses Pakistan of giving shelter to
Al Qaeda and the Taliban; there is constant fighting on both sides of that border. NATO's own war in Afghanistan is not going well.
India talks of taking punitive action against Pakistan for allegedly being behind the Bombay bombings. Uzbekistan is a repressive
dictatorship with a growing Islamic resistance. The only beneficiaries of this chaos are Iran, Hezbollah, Al Qaeda, and the Iraqi Shiite
leader, Moqtada al-Sadr, who last week held the largest anti-American, anti-Israel demonstration in the world in the very heart of
Baghdad, even as 6,000 additional American troops were rushing into the city to "prevent" a civil war that has already begun. This
combination of combustible elements poses the greatest threat to global stability since the 1962 Cuban missile crisis, history's only
nuclear superpower confrontation. The Cuba crisis, although immensely dangerous, was comparatively simple: It came down to two
leaders and no war. In 13 days of brilliant diplomacy, John F. Kennedy induced Nikita Khrushchev to remove Soviet missiles from
Cuba. Kennedy was deeply influenced by Barbara Tuchman's classic,"The Guns of August," which recounted how a seemingly
isolated event 92 summers ago — an assassination in Sarajevo by a Serb terrorist — set off a chain reaction that led in just a few
weeks to World War I. There are vast differences between that August and this one. But Tuchman ended her book with a sentence that
resonates in this summer of crisis: "The nations were caught in a trap, a trap made during the first thirty days out of battles that failed
to be decisive, a trap from which there was, and has been, no exit." Preventing just such a trap must be the highest priority of
American policy. Unfortunately, there is little public sign that the president and his top advisers recognize how close we are to a chain
reaction, or that they have any larger strategy beyond tactical actions.
B. Terrorism
Winning in Iraq is key to preventing terrorism on US soil
Wall Street Journal, 3/22/06, What if we lose?, http://www.theabsurdreport.com/2006/what-if-we-lose/
We would invite more terrorist attacks on U.S. soil. Osama bin Laden said many times that he saw the weak U.S. response to
Somalia and the Khobar Towers and USS Cole bombings as evidence that we lacked the will for a long fight. The forceful
response after 9/11 taught al Qaeda otherwise, but a retreat in Iraq would revive that reputation for American weakness. While
Western liberals may deny any connection between Iraq and al Qaeda, bin Laden and the rest of the Arab world see it clearly
and would advertise a U.S. withdrawal as his victory. Far from leaving us alone, bin Laden would be more emboldened to
strike the U.S. homeland with a goal of driving the U.S. entirely out of the Mideast.
Additionally, hybrid electrics allow for cross country patrol teams, which is key
to finding terrorists
Colonel Douglas MacGregor, retired senior military officer, PHD in International Relations, Bronze Star Winner, bestselling author
June 2004, transcript from Lehrer’s News Hour, http://www.geocities.com/equipmentshop/m113combat.htm
All do-able NOW with M113 Gavins. The HE TTD already has centerline driver/TC and cut-down more sloping front. In a
matter of month's the Army's 4 light divisions without ANY armored vehicles that are getting clobbered all over the world in
HMMWV trucks could be have ALL of their men moved around the battlefield under armor but alert and ready to return fire
behind gunshields without getting bogged down in vehicle care; each infantry battalion's Delta Weapons Companies who now
own/operate dangerously vulnerable HMMWV trucks would instead use up-armored M113 Gavins to give their Alpha, Bravo
and Charlie rifle company brethren transportation as needed. Army light units "transformed" with light tracked AFV
capabilities could range out by aircraft and their own superior x-country mobility, armored protection and on-hand firepower
anywhere in the world with weeks of supplies to flush out enemy terrorists hiding in remote areas. We could throw a cordon
around wherever the Bin Ladens are hiding and stay there "tightening the noose" until he appears dead-or-alive.
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US retaliation from an attack would lead to global nuclear war
Jerome Corsi, author of bestseller “Unfit for Comand”, PHD in poly sci from Harvard, 4/20/05, Horrific scenario: NYC hit by
terrorist nuke 'Atomic Iran' presents second-by-second description of feared attack,
http://wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=43817
The United States retaliates: 'End of the world' scenarios
The combination of horror and outrage that will surge upon the nation will demand that the president retaliate for the
incomprehensible damage done by the attack. The problem will be that the president will not immediately know how to
respond or against whom.
The perpetrators will have been incinerated by the explosion that destroyed New York City. Unlike 9-11, there will have been
no interval during the attack when those hijacked could make phone calls to loved ones telling them before they died that the
hijackers were radical Islamic extremists.
There will be no such phone calls when the attack will not have been anticipated until the instant the terrorists detonate their
improvised nuclear device inside the truck parked on a curb at the Empire State Building. Nor will there be any possibility of
finding any clues, which either were vaporized instantly or are now lying physically inaccessible under tons of radioactive
rubble.
Still, the president, members of Congress, the military, and the public at large will suspect another attack by our known
enemy ? Islamic terrorists. The first impulse will be to launch a nuclear strike on Mecca, to destroy the whole religion of Islam.
Medina could possibly be added to the target list just to make the point with crystal clarity. Yet what would we gain? The
moment Mecca and Medina were wiped off the map, the Islamic world ? more than 1 billion human beings in countless
different nations ? would feel attacked. Nothing would emerge intact after a war between the United States and Islam. The
apocalypse would be upon us.
Then, too, we would face an immediate threat from our long-term enemy, the former Soviet Union. Many in the Kremlin would
see this as an opportunity to grasp the victory that had been snatched from them by Ronald Reagan when the Berlin Wall came
down. A missile strike by the Russians on a score of American cities could possibly be pre-emptive. Would the U.S. strategic
defense system be so in shock that immediate retaliation would not be possible? Hardliners in Moscow might argue that there
was never a better opportunity to destroy America.
In China, our newer Communist enemies might not care if we could retaliate. With a population already over 1.3 billion people
and with their population not concentrated in a few major cities, the Chinese might calculate to initiate a nuclear blow on the
United States. What if the United States retaliated with a nuclear counterattack upon China? The Chinese might be able to
absorb the blow and recover.
The North Koreans might calculate even more recklessly. Why not launch upon America the few missiles they have that could
reach our soil? More confusion and chaos might only advance their position. If Russia, China, and the United States could be
drawn into attacking one another, North Korea might emerge stronger just because it was overlooked while the great nations
focus on attacking one another.
So, too, our supposed allies in Europe might relish the immediate reduction in power suddenly inflicted upon America. Many
of the great egos in Europe have never fully recovered from the disgrace of World War II, when in the last century the
Americans a second time in just over two decades had been forced to come to their rescue. If the French did not start launching
nuclear weapons themselves, they might be happy to fan the diplomatic fire beginning to burn under the Russians and the
Chinese.
Or the president might decide simply to launch a limited nuclear strike on Tehran itself. This might be the most rational option
in the attempt to retaliate but still communicate restraint. The problem is that a strike on Tehran would add more nuclear
devastation to the world calculation. Muslims around the world would still see the retaliation as an attack on Islam, especially
when the United States had no positive proof that the destruction of New York City had been triggered by radical Islamic
extremists with assistance from Iran.
But for the president not to retaliate might be unacceptable to the American people. So weakened by the loss of New York,
Americans would feel vulnerable in every city in the nation. "Who is going to be next?" would be the question on everyone's
mind. For this there would be no effective answer. That the president might think politically at this instant seems almost petty,
yet every president is by nature a politician. The political party in power at the time of the attack would be destroyed unless the
president retaliated with a nuclear strike against somebody. The American people would feel a price had to be paid while the
country was still capable of exacting revenge.
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Contention 5: Solvency
SkyBuilt stations provide enough power to fuel vehicles and all field
operations, and operate in all conditions – key to creating a mobile army
John Dillin, Christian Science Monitor, 10/18/05, http://www.csmonitor.com/2005/1018/p02s01-sten.html
What if you had a power unit that generated substantial electrical energy with no fuel? What if it were so rugged that you could
parachute it out of an airplane? What if it were so easy to set up that two people could have it running in just a few hours?
Now there is such a device - built by a small Virginia start-up - and the federal government has taken notice.
SkyBuilt Power Inc. has begun building electricity-generating units fueled mostly by solar and wind energy. The units, which
use a battery backup system when the sun is down and the wind is calm, are designed to run for years with little maintenance.
Depending upon its configuration, SkyBuilt's Mobile Power Station (MPS) can generate up to 150 kilowatts of electricity, says
David Muchow, the firm's president and CEO. That's enough to power an emergency operations center, an Army field kitchen,
or a small medical facility.
Privately owned SkyBuilt now has a new investor - In-Q-Tel, a venture capital firm set up by the US Central Intelligence
Agency. Skybuilt and In-Q-Tel will announce Tuesday that they have signed a strategic development agreement, including an
investment in SkyBuilt.
In-Q-Tel's support is a breakthrough for the small firm. (The "Q" in In-Q-Tel is a whimsical play on the movie character "Q"
who supplies James Bond with nifty gadgets.) SkyBuilt provides innovative energy solutions with the potential to help meet a
wide variety of critical government and commercial power needs, says Gilman Louie, In-Q-Tel president and CEO.
The power stations could have important uses for disaster relief, homeland security, military operations, intelligence work, and
a variety of commercial applications. The units are not yet designed for use by homeowners.
Though it is not mentioned, SkyBuilt units would have obvious applications in places like Afghanistan and Iraq, where soldiers
risk their lives over long supply lines to truck in fuel for generators.
Developing Hybrid electric technology is key to spurring both a short and long
term transition to lighter and more efficient vehicles
Asher H. Sharoni, and Lawrence D. Bacon, global security, February 1998, The Future Combat System (FCS): A Satellite-
fueled, Solar-powered Tank?, http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/1998/01/1fcs98.pdf
DARPA has announced its intention to invest more than $40 M(!) to develop and test the HEPS over the coming few years.
Competing teams will develop and demonstrate an integrated HEPS for a 15-ton vehicle (e.g. FSCS), but they will also be
required to demonstrate, by computer simulation and computer virtual modeling, that a more powerful version of the HEPS
could be integrated into a 40-ton vehicle (e.g., FCS). Granting industry the prerogative to come with its own designs, without
stringent directives from DARPA, is another fine idea that has great merit and will pay handsome dividends in terms of shorter
schedules and overall reduced developmental costs. Nonetheless, though same basic technology could be used to power the
FCS, it is not in accordance with the requirement for simplified and reduced logistics. Integrated HEPS are more efficient, and
have improved performance compared to contemporary diesels or turbine-based power packs. They operate with less noise and
with reduced thermal signature, thus improving survivability. It remains to be seen whether integrated HEPS will come out less
costly in production and deployment than contemporary power packs. Attempting to capture the best of two worlds, HEPS
seem to be more applicable, as a near-term solution, to the lighter FSCS and similar vehicles, and less so for the longer-term,
heavier FCS. HEPS is still going to require diesel or turbine fuel for its operation, and would add a piston engine or a gas
turbine, in addition to a sophisticated electrical power generating system, to worry about.
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Government incentives are key to alternative energy development in the
military
Paul Carlstrom, San Francisco Chronicle, 7/11/05, http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-
bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2005/07/11/BUG7IDL1AF1.DTL&type=printable
These applications have smaller power requirements than buildings, and military research contracts at Konarka, Nanosys and
Nanosolar may pave the way for commercial availability of solar batteries for communications devices. "Price is no object for
the military, and they need power on the go," said Nordan. "Besides, the mobile-phone industry is driven by new features." All
three companies rely upon government contracts in addition to private funding. The Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency has been the most generous. Konarka has a $6 million grant, and Nanosolar has received $10.3 million. Nanosys' $9.4
million in grants comes from that agency, as well as the Department of Energy and the Navy, among others -- although not all
of this research is solar-related. Industry watchers like Wooley of the Energy Foundation say that some kind of government
assistance is necessary to make alternative sources of energy viable. "The (solar) industry has grown and expanded through
incentives. The technology doesn't need government support forever, but it's at a crucial point," he said.
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Inherency
Hybrid electric vehicles are being developed now, but increased R&D is key
Nicholas R. Jankowski et al, Lauren Everhart, Brian Morgan, Bruce Geil, Patrick McCluskey, 8/6/07, US Army Research
Laboratory, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/4539636/4544069/04544111.pdf?tp=&isnumber=&arnumber=4544111
The United States Army is looking in the near term to leverage hybrid propulsion technologies to provide improved system
power, survivability and lethality for both the Current and Future Force [1]. Additionally, due to the high cost of delivering fuel
to the battlefield, the use of hybrid technology could improve platform efficiency and reduce overall logistic costs [2]. In
developing these systems, military requirements are driving improvements in certain areas. Specifically, stressed operation in
harsh environments necessitates advanced cooling systems for the power electronics components, and weight and volume
constraints of Army platforms demands maximum system power density. Achieving these goals requires innovation in power
device and thermal management technologies.
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Inherency
Hybrid electric vehicles are only prototypes now, full scale production has yet
to begin
Army News Service, 10/19/05, Air assault troops experiment with Hybrid Humvee, http://www.forum.militaryltd.com/101st-
airborne-division-air-assault/m15904-air-assault-troops-experiment-hybrid-humvee.htm
The Hybrid Electric Humvee is being developed by the U.S. Army Tank-Automotive Research, Development and Engineering
Center in Warren, Mich. Two prototypes participated in the exercise at Fort Campbell, and another was on display the
following week at the annual meeting of the Association of the U.S. Army in Washington, D.C.
Two of the Soldiers who participated in the Humvee’s assessment at Fort Campbell were on hand at AUSA to help man the
display and explain how the vehicle operates.
The HE Humvee has a small, lightweight 2.2-liter diesel engine and a 75 kW brushless DC generator to provide electric power
for the wheel-drive motors. The vehicle also has an auxiliary power distribution system for export of clean power in the amount
of 10 kW. If additional power is required, provision is made to install a second APDS, TARDEC officials said
“It’s a prototype and has faults,” admitted Staff Sgt. Michelangelo Merksamer, of HHC, 1/506th Infantry, who experimented
with the vehicle at Fort Campbell and manned the exhibit at AUSA. He explained that the field assessments were designed to
work out the bugs.
“It has some applications down the road once you work things out,” he said.
Spc. Jeffrey Hammes of the same unit said the vehicle just doesn’t yet quite handle like a Humvee.
In the silent electric mode, the vehicle crawls, and in the hybrid mode the throttle sometimes sticks at 25 miles per
hour, he said.
Soldiers liked the “Silent Watch” capability that allows the Humvee to set in a battle position at night and operate radios,
battery chargers and other devices without the need to periodically run the engine to charge the battery, they said.
The vehicle's engine generator and battery systems can provide 75 kilowatts of continuous power and up to 250 kW of peak
power, according to TARDEC engineers. This power is available from the vehicle’s generator and battery-storage system,
without towing any additional generator in a trailer behind the vehicle.
The Hybrid Electric Humvees are considered simply demonstrator units right now, said a TARDEC spokesman, adding that
there are no plans yet to field the vehicle.
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Inherency
No hybrid vehicle programs exist now
David Axe, staff writer for Defense Tech, an official military blog, 8/29/06, http://www.defensetech.org/archives/002718.html
For a long time, now, the Pentagon has been looking to land diesel-electric hybrid vehicles to improve fuel economy, reduce
logistics and allow power export. But after a decade of research and development, military hybrids are still years away from
production, as I describe in detail in the current National Defense Magazine:
“Right now, we do not have a current hybrid program that targets fielding,” says Gus Khalil, team leader of hybrid-electric
research at the Army’s Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center, or TARDEC.
TARDEC, a division of the Research, Development and Engineering Command, in Warren, Mich., is the military’s main
research center for vehicle technologies.
Khalil and other TARDEC engineers have been developing hybrid-electric engines and testing vehicle demonstrators since
1992.
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Inherency
The DOD is not meeting its renewable energy goals now
Nick Turse, Foreign Policy In Focus, Associate Director and editor of Tomdispatch.com, 3/24/08, http://www.fpif.org/fpiftxt/5097/
No doubt due to his outfit’s penchant for petroleum guzzling, in 2005, then secretary of defense Rumsfeld issued a memo
calling on DoD staff to develop plans for employing alternative power sources and energy-saving technologies. As defense
technology expert Noah Shachtman noted in early 2007, while the “Department of Defense might not care about the
environment,” it had met its green goals ahead of schedule. As a result, the Pentagon now touts itself as environmentally
conscious, drawing attention to its use of wind power at the naval station at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, and its dabblings in
“cleaner, ‘greener’ hybrid fuel.” On March 24, 2006, the Pentagon’s American Forces Press Service published an article,
“Hydrogen Fuel Cells May Help U.S. Military Cut Gas Usage,” speculating that someday such technology might significantly
reduce the military’s “dependence on hydrocarbon-based fuels for transportation needs.” That day is not yet in sight. In fact,
on March 23, 2006, the day before that article was published, the Pentagon quietly announced a series of DoD contracts that
demonstrated the degree of its continuing addiction to oil: a $241,265,176 deal with Valero Energy; a $171,409,329 agreement
with Shell Oil; separate contracts of $156,616,405 and $23,923,354 with ConocoPhillips; a $124,152,364 agreement with
Refinery Associates of Texas; a $121,053,450 deal with Calumet Shreveport Fuels; a $118,374,201 jet fuel contract with Gary-
Williams Energy Corporation; a $75,094,613 agreement with AGE Refining; a $43,994,360 deal with Tesoro Refining; and a
$29,524,800 contract with Western Petroleum – all of which had a completion date of April 30, 2007.
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Inherency – Costs
Costs are preventing development of hybrid electric vehicles now
Sandra Erwin, Editor of the National Defense Industrial Association, April 2001, Array of Army Hybrid-Drive Vehicles Expanding
Steadily, http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/issues/2001/Apr/Array_of_Army.htm
If the Army deployed a mobile tactical operations center, for example, soldiers could draw power from the vehicle rather than
bring a generator, Winters said. “It’s a logistics savings. It allows you to plan on the move. It reduces logistics footprint and
saves weight.” The unanswered question, however, is cost. “We really don’t know yet,” said Winters. Companies often are
reluctant to divulge cost information about technologies that are still experimental. Several industry sources said it would be
reasonable to expect that a hybrid-electric vehicle would come with a 20 percent cost premium. Winters said that the savings
from not needing an additional electric-power generator will not be enough. “This vehicle is too expensive to justify it only as a
generator.”
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HE -> FCS
Hybrid Electric Vehicles allow for the transition to a Future Combat System
now
Colonel Douglas MacGregor, retired senior military officer, PHD in International Relations, Bronze Star Winner, bestselling author
June 2004, transcript from Lehrer’s News Hour, http://www.geocities.com/equipmentshop/m113combat.htm
Actions that deny our Soldiers the tools they need to win and survive speak louder than words and promises of inadequate
wheeled solutions later (or most probably never). The Soldiers in Iraq don't care about whose "vision of warfare" gets the
limelight, they want WHAT WORKS and will kill the enemy and get them home alive to their families with all their limbs
intact. Up-armoring sides, underbelly and providing gunshields on the Army's M113 Gavins light tracked AFVs would cost a
mere $78K each and for less than $500K would make them hybrid-electric silent and stealthy to sneak up on hiding enemies
TODAY instead of waiting 10 years from now for a mythical $10 million each, Future Combat System (FCS). Hybrid-Electric
M113 Gavins would have all the electrical power Soldiers could ever need to run all the computers and electronic gadgets the
Army is so infatuated with. Going to band tracks while slightly reducing land mine blast resistance is countered by the fact that
with Hybrid Electric drive we can put the driver/TC farther back in the hull away from over the current driver position over the
left track offset from the right front engine arrangement. The reason is that HE drive can be run by wire controls so the driver
can actually be ANYWHERE on or off the vehicle. Another benefit of HE drive is you can then build a "V" channel wall on the
left and right of the centerline driver/TC for a secondary bulkhead against land mines.
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HE -> FCS
Hybrid Electric Vehicles allow for an immediate transition to a Future Combat
System
Colonel Douglas MacGregor, retired senior military officer, PHD in International Relations, Bronze Star Winner, bestselling author
June 2004, transcript from Lehrer’s News Hour, http://www.geocities.com/equipmentshop/m113combat.htm
It’s time the American Congress assert civilian control over the military and get involved with the future direction of its Army.
It must not stand on the sidelines as our Army self-destructs in an ill-conceived all-wheeled vehicle make-over. Congress
should direct the Army to upgrade its M113 Gavins with the computers they crave, but with actual physical superiority features
like RPG-resistant armor, band-tracks, hybrid-electric drive for 600 mile range and stealth operation, so that THE ENTIRE
ARMY IS TRANSFORMED IMMEDIATELY as the WWII generation would, we are talking days and weeks here not months
and years. America's Army is at war now and it needs more upgraded M113 Gavin light tracked AFVs in the non-linear fight
not trucks. Congress should begin by creating units along Colonel MacGregor's designs and get rid of staff bureaucracies so
they are manned by Soldiers not paper-pushers.
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HE -> FCS
Developing Hybrid electric technology is key to both the short and long term
transition to a Future Combat System
Asher H. Sharoni, and Lawrence D. Bacon, global security, February 1998, The Future Combat System (FCS): A Satellite-
fueled, Solar-powered Tank?, http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/1998/01/1fcs98.pdf
DARPA has announced its intention to invest more than $40 M(!) to develop and test the HEPS over the coming few years.
Competing teams will develop and demonstrate an integrated HEPS for a 15-ton vehicle (e.g. FSCS), but they will also be
required to demonstrate, by computer simulation and computer virtual modeling, that a more powerful version of the HEPS
could be integrated into a 40-ton vehicle (e.g., FCS). Granting industry the prerogative to come with its own designs, without
stringent directives from DARPA, is another fine idea that has great merit and will pay handsome dividends in terms of shorter
schedules and overall reduced developmental costs. Nonetheless, though same basic technology could be used to power the
FCS, it is not in accordance with the requirement for simplified and reduced logistics. Integrated HEPS are more efficient, and
have improved performance compared to contemporary diesels or turbine-based power packs. They operate with less noise and
with reduced thermal signature, thus improving survivability. It remains to be seen whether integrated HEPS will come out less
costly in production and deployment than contemporary power packs. Attempting to capture the best of two worlds, HEPS
seem to be more applicable, as a near-term solution, to the lighter FSCS and similar vehicles, and less so for the longer-term,
heavier FCS. HEPS is still going to require diesel or turbine fuel for its operation, and would add a piston engine or a gas
turbine, in addition to a sophisticated electrical power generating system, to worry about.
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SkyBuilts Rock
Skybuilts are the shiz
Prime Newswire, 10/9/07, SkyBuilt Power Named to 'Ten to Watch List' of Leading Renewable Energy Companies,
http://www.primenewswire.com/newsroom/news.html?d=128268
ARLINGTON, Va., Oct. 9, 2007 (PRIME NEWSWIRE) -- SkyBuilt Power has been named to the "Ten to Watch" list of
leading renewable energy companies in The Clean Tech Revolution (www.thecleantechrevolution.com), the new book released
by Collins, an imprint of HarperCollins Publishers.
In the book, authors Ron Pernick and Clint Wilder identify ten companies in each of eight clean-technology industry sectors
that bear watching for growth and industry influence in the near to mid-term. SkyBuilt has been included in the Ten to Watch
list for the chapter titled "Mobile Technologies: Powering a World on the Go." "Our Ten to Watch lists at the end of each
chapter highlight companies that are playing a significant role in the growth and innovation of the clean-tech industry," said
Pernick. "We chose ten companies, whether public or private, that are poised to make an impact." "SkyBuilt is honored to be
named as a company for investors and others to watch in the fast-growing business of clean tech," said David J. Muchow,
President and CEO. "We strongly believe in the investment, business and growth opportunities of this exciting industry sector,
and we are pleased to be recognized in this significant book that analyzes our unique capabilities." About the book: In book,
the authors identify the major forces that have pushed clean tech from a back-to-the-earth utopian dream to its current
revolution among the inner circles of corporate boardrooms, on Wall Street trading floors, and in government offices around
the globe. List price is $26.95. More information is available at www.thecleantechrevolution.com. About SkyBuilt Power:
SkyBuilt has been called the "Dell of Renewable Energy Systems," and has been highlighted in Business Week, the Wall Street
Journal, New York Times and other publications. It has patented the first plug-and-play, mobile, expandable, rapidly
deployable, solar and wind power stations. "SkyBuilt designs, fabricates, sells and services end-to-end, renewable energy
power systems," said Chairman Bill Buck. SkyBuilt's product line includes small, suitcase size, renewable power systems,
rapidly deployable solar blankets, skid, trailer-based, and freight container based power platforms from 500W to 150kW or
more. These systems can use off the shelf commercial products because of SkyBuilt's patented rapid deployment and power
integration features.
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SkyBuilts Rock
Skybuilts are the shiz
John Dillin, Christian Science Monitor, 10/18/05, http://www.csmonitor.com/2005/1018/p02s01-sten.html
What if you had a power unit that generated substantial electrical energy with no fuel? What if it were so rugged that you could
parachute it out of an airplane? What if it were so easy to set up that two people could have it running in just a few hours?
Now there is such a device - built by a small Virginia start-up - and the federal government has taken notice.
SkyBuilt Power Inc. has begun building electricity-generating units fueled mostly by solar and wind energy. The units, which
use a battery backup system when the sun is down and the wind is calm, are designed to run for years with little maintenance.
Depending upon its configuration, SkyBuilt's Mobile Power Station (MPS) can generate up to 150 kilowatts of electricity, says
David Muchow, the firm's president and CEO. That's enough to power an emergency operations center, an Army field kitchen,
or a small medical facility.
Privately owned SkyBuilt now has a new investor - In-Q-Tel, a venture capital firm set up by the US Central Intelligence
Agency. Skybuilt and In-Q-Tel will announce Tuesday that they have signed a strategic development agreement, including an
investment in SkyBuilt.
In-Q-Tel's support is a breakthrough for the small firm. (The "Q" in In-Q-Tel is a whimsical play on the movie character "Q"
who supplies James Bond with nifty gadgets.) SkyBuilt provides innovative energy solutions with the potential to help meet a
wide variety of critical government and commercial power needs, says Gilman Louie, In-Q-Tel president and CEO.
The power stations could have important uses for disaster relief, homeland security, military operations, intelligence work, and
a variety of commercial applications. The units are not yet designed for use by homeowners.
Though it is not mentioned, SkyBuilt units would have obvious applications in places like Afghanistan and Iraq, where soldiers
risk their lives over long supply lines to truck in fuel for generators.
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SkyBuilts Rock
SkyBuilts are tight
Off Grid, Alternative Energy Magazine, September 2006, US Army’s Renewable Power, http://www.off-grid.net/2006/09/11/606/
The US Army in Iraq may soon be using a $100,000 per unit solar-panel and wind-generator power system that fits in a
standard shipping container, according to The Christian Science Monitor. It can be dropped onto a mountaintop or into the
desert. The solar panels and wind turbine deploy in minutes. And where there’s water, a micro-hydro unit can be dropped into a
stream for an added boost. Its successful deployment would mean civilian versions would follow quickly.
The US military is already one of the largest consumers of renewable energy, especially at off-grid outposts in North America.
Four 275-foot-tall wind turbines were unveiled last year at the Naval Station at Guantanamo Bay in Cuba, meeting about a
quarter of the base’s electrical needs and saving hundreds of thousands of gallons of fuel.
Marine Corps Maj. Gen. Richard Zilmer, whose deputies on July 25 sent the Pentagon a “Priority 1″ request for “a self-
sustainable energy solution” including “solar panels and wind turbines” may find the SkyBuilt “mobile power system” better in
battle than a $10,000, ten-kilowatt diesel generator.
The 007-style box is made by SkyBuilt Power Inc. of Arlington, Va. Aided with funding from In-Q-Tel, a venture-capital firm
for the Central Intelligence Agency. The units can be configured to deliver anywhere from 3.5 to 150 kilowatts of electricity,
depending on how many options are included.
Though many solar and wind technologies have been developed, what’s new here is the ability to combine them in a package.
Using heavy, rugged steel container as a base means it is not necessary to pour heavy footings and install towers and guy wires
to support the turbine, or hold solar panels steady against wind pressure.
The modular setup allows off-the-shelf components of many types to be added, including combustion-based generators and
alternators, solar panels, wind turbines, and batteries.
The company’s president and CEO, Dave Muchow, said his inspiration and model in forming the company was the laptop
computer, with its plug-and-play versatility of components, from the chips to the hardware and the peripherals. The open
architecture enables a mixing and matching of components to suit the individual user so that they don’t have more than they
need, and they can just add on what they might be missing.
This may be the first time a frontline commander has called for renewable-energy backup in battle, says Christian Science
Monitor. Indeed, it underscores the urgency: Without renewable power, US forces “will remain unnecessarily exposed” and
will “continue to accrue preventable … serious and grave casualties,” says Zilmer.
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AT Costs A Lot
SkyBuilts are cheap compared to current fuel prices
Off Grid, Alternative Energy Magazine, September 2006, US Army’s Renewable Power, http://www.off-grid.net/2006/09/11/606/
Still, such lessons are learned slowly, says Hugh Jones, a former analyst with the Center for Army Analysis, now a consultant
on energy issues to the US Army. Analyzing feedback from the frontlines after Operation Desert Storm in Kuwait 1990, he
produced a raft of studies on uses for solar power in combat.
But during the 1990s when fuel was cheap, he found little interest in the idea.
“There aren’t a lot of people who have expertise in this area of renewable power in combat operations,” Mr. Jones says. “There
are a lot of people in the service who smell like diesel fuel, but not many who have been in the field using solar power and
hybrid-optimized solutions.”
Even so, he’s noticed “there’s much more interest today.” The high cost of fuel, and troop casualties in the Iraq war, may be
changing that traditional outlook.
And costs of such hybrid packages begin to look more reasonable when the cost is considered of delivering a gallon of fuel to a
generator gulping it 24/7. The true cost of fuel delivered to the battlefield - well prior to the recent oil price hike - was $13 to
$300 a gallon, depending on its delivery location, a Defense Science Board report in May 2001 estimated.
An analysis in Zilmer’s memo puts the “true cost” for fuel for a 10-kilowatt diesel generator at $36,000 a year - about four
times the amount needed to purchase the fuel itself initially. The rest of the cost is due mainly to transportation. On that basis, a
SkyBuilt system could cut costs by 75 percent and pay for itself for three to five years, the memo estimates.
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HE Solves
HE is awesome
Business Wire, 8/15/07, BAE Systems Unveils Hybrid Electric Drive System for Future Combat Systems,
http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/index.jsp?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20070815005658&newsLang=en
“The integration of this fuel-saving, hybrid electric propulsion system is another illustration of the benefits of the partnership
between the FCS 'best of industry' team and the U.S. Army to accelerate the development and delivery of next generation
technologies to our nation’s soldiers,” said Dennis Muilenburg, vice president-general manager, Boeing Combat Systems, and
FCS program manager. “This system will be common to all FCS Manned Ground Vehicles which will require less fuel than
current force vehicles and lower overall maintenance costs, and is further evidence that FCS technologies are on track and our
team is ready to move into initial production in 2008.”
Other advantages over currently fielded, conventional combat vehicle power train systems include:
Greatly increased power for integration of high efficiency electric drives, sensors, and computing systems
Exportable electric power that reduces logistics burden for towed generators
Enhanced low speed maneuverability
Smaller overall vehicle profile for concealment
Low acoustic signature and quiet ride
Embedded diagnostics/prognostics permitting maintainers to directly determine the source of faults and advanced planning for
unscheduled maintenance.
Produces high amounts of electrical power - equivalent to the demand of 300 typical American homes and over 10 times that
provided by a current force vehicle. There is sufficient electric power to enable the use of future high power technologies.
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T Cards
Alternative Energy refers to hybrid-electric, battery electric, solar, and fuel cell
Xinhua News, March 07, BBC Monitoring Asia Pacific, China to promote production of alternative energy vehicles, lexis
Beijing, March 7 (Xinhua) - The Chinese government will frame regulations on the production of autos fuelled by alternative
energies to encourage research and produce of environmentally-friendly "green" vehicles.
The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) published on its website on Wednesday a draft regulation on
managing the production of alternative energy vehicles and called for suggestions and comments.
The term alternative energy vehicles refers to hybrid-electric vehicles, battery electric vehicles (including vehicles on solar
energy), fuel cell electric vehicles, etc.
The draft regulation defines three levels of alternative energy auto technology.
Prototypes will only be allowed to operate in approved areas, and more sophisticated products will be allowed to be produced in
batches for sale in approved areas.
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Alternative energy includes solar, wind and hybrid
The Globe and Mail, 5/22/08, Energy stocks at bargain prices, lexis
If ever there was an investment strategy that was well suited for a fund, renewable energy is it. That's because investors who
love the idea of tapping into one of the no-brainer growth industries of our new century are met with a dizzying number of
choices. From solar to wind, from energy producers to technology developers, from small startups to giant conglomerates, there
are scores of stocks that have been given the "alternative energy" label - but only a handful will reward investors with gains
between now and the day when the internal combustion engine and the coal-fired power plant are laid to rest. The good news?
While investing in alternative energy is not exactly a novel idea, stock prices have recently fallen to more attractive levels
because investors have recoiled from risk, making the sector far more attractive today than it was just three months ago. There
is no strict definition for what an alternative energy company is. Some observers believe that car companies can be green if they
develop a few hybrid models to add to their fleets of gas guzzlers. At the same time, General Electric Co. is often given the
green label because it manufactures wind turbines, even though that side of its business represents a small fraction of its overall
revenues. That's why WilderHill Clean Energy Index comes in handy. This is an index of 42 relatively pure plays on alternative
energy, from a small name like Ascent Solar Technologies Inc. to big names like Cree Inc., a $2.4-billion (U.S.) company that
develops products for efficient lighting. Geography makes no difference, though most are traded on U.S. exchanges. Even
better, the index is tracked by an exchange-traded fund, which resembles a mutual fund but trades like a stock. The
PowerShares WilderHill Clean Energy fund was launched two years ago, attracting $1.3-billion of assets. As the price of oil
climbed to record heights and the fast-growing global economy grasped for a cleaner way to heat homes and power cars, the
fund's unit price soared from a low of $12.75 in 2005 to a high of $28.72 at the end of 2007 - a 125-per-cent gain that made
alternative energy look priced for perfection. It was: The U.S. economy sputtered soon after and it brought down growth
expectations for the global economy with it, making alternative energy look more like a game for the rich than a global
necessity.Investors retreated from risky assets at the same time that some observers wondered aloud whether the solar industry
in particular was about to suffer from a glut. Since its peak, the PowerShares WilderHill Clean Energy fund has tumbled 34 per
cent. This sudden downturn might have put off many investors who prefer to have momentum on their side.But the downturn
also means that once-expensive stocks - which commanded price-to-earnings ratios that would have made a dot-com investor
blush - are far more reasonable now. If you believe that alternative energy is the future, now is an ideal time to buy in to that
vision.
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The IEA defines alternative energy to include natural gas, wind, solar, bio-
energy, geothermal, hydropower, hybrids, and batteries
South China Morning Post, 11/23/07 Friday, Climate Indices; Indicators that cover the renewable energy sector
launched this year, SUPPLEMENTS; Pg. 5, Lexis
Credit Suisse's Private Banking division launched the Credit Suisse Global Alternative Energy Index which covers the official
sectors defined by the International Energy Agency which are natural gas, wind, solar, bio-energy, geothermal and hydropower
and hybrids and batteries. Those sectors are equally weighted in the index.
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Hybrid is alt energy
Fox Business, 7/9/08, http://www.foxbusiness.com/story/markets/industries/industrials/uqm-technologies-announces-fiscal-
quarter-electric-hybrid-electric-vehicle/
UQM Technologies, Inc. is a developer and manufacturer of power dense, high efficiency electric motors, generators and
power electronic controllers for the automotive, aerospace, medical, military and industrial markets. A major emphasis of the
Company is developing products for the alternative energy technologies sector including propulsion systems for electric,
hybrid electric and fuel cell electric vehicles, under-the-hood power accessories and other vehicle auxiliaries and distributed
power generation applications. The Company's headquarters, engineering and product development center, and motor
manufacturing operation are located in Frederick, Colorado. For more information on the Company, please visit its worldwide
website at www.uqm.com.
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HE Now
The DOD is funding hybrid electric research now
Lisa Blumenstock, press secretary for congressman Michael McNulty, 11/8/07, http://www.house.gov/mcnulty/pr071108b.htm
$3.2 million for the C9 Corporation for Hybrid Electric Combat Vehicle development project
The C9 Corporation, a New York State-based semiconductor and solar company will utilize this funding to continue to develop
the Silicon-Carbide type materials for the Department of Defense Future Combat System Hybrid Electric Vehicle and
Advanced Power System Program. Utilizing these materials has the potential to increase combat effectiveness by providing
advantages in speed, higher equipment operating temperatures, and higher equipment voltage ratings. C9 recently signed a
lease with the Arsenal Partnership to locate an office at the Watervliet Arsenal.
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HE Now
Hybrid electric vehicles will be introduced by 2014
Todd Lopez, Army News Service, 5/30/08, First FCS Manned Vehicle to Make Debut, http://www.military.com/news/article/army-
news/first-fcs-manned-vehicle-to-make-debut.html?col=1186032325324
All eight of the FCS manned combat vehicles are mounted on nearly the same chassis -- they share more than 80 percent
compatibility across the family of vehicles. They are unique in that they are electrically powered. A diesel engine on board
turns a generator, which in turn charges batteries, which in turn powers electric motors that drive the tracks. In fact, the entire
vehicle is electrically powered. While at Yuma, it is primarily the chassis and the relationship between the chassis and mission
module that will be evaluated. The mission module for the NLOS-C, a 38-caliber, 155-mm howitzer, has already been tested
extensively at Yuma, independent of the chassis. "That is the end-state gun, it has finished firing over 2,000 rounds since
October 2006, as part of the gun development program," McVay said. "The mission module is approaching the 90-plus percent
threshold. For the chassis -- this is the first time the Army will take a full hybrid-electric, independent semi-active suspension
system and mate it with a mission module and run it into tests." The testing at Yuma will put two years of testing on the chassis
before a critical design review for the MGV family is performed in 2010. "This will have impact for the other seven vehicles
because it allows us to learn what works and what doesn't work before we build the other prototypes that get delivered in
2011," he said. McVay said by 2010, the Army expects to take delivery of the first six "special interest program platform"
NLOS-C vehicles at Fort Bliss, Texas. There, the Army Evaluation Task Force will begin its testing and development of tactics,
techniques, procedures and doctrine for the vehicle. The task force is scheduled to receive six vehicles a year, between 2010
and 2012 -- for a total of 18. The Army expects to see prototype vehicles for other FCS MGVs beginning in 2011. And by
2014, it's likely the NLOS-C will have reached full operational capability, and will be ready for fielding to combat units.
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Hybrid Fails
Hybrids fail in the winter and overheat – ensures they won’t work
Sandra Erwin, Editor of the National Defense Industrial Association, April 2001, Array of Army Hybrid-Drive Vehicles Expanding
Steadily, http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/issues/2001/Apr/Array_of_Army.htm
But hybrid-electric vehicles have been dismissed for not being rugged enough. Critics, for example, have cautioned against the
hybrid drive’s lack of endurance in harsh weather conditions. Winters conceded that batteries freeze and stop working in
extremely cold weather. “We designed this vehicle with an environmental chamber built around the batteries, so we heat and
cool the batteries as necessary.” The system, he said, will work within the minus-40 to plus-65 degree temperature range.
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