Millennial Engagement in the Workplace: Finding Common Ground to Bridge The Multi-Generational Gap
By Mark Caner
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About this ebook
For the first time in U.S. history, workplace demographics now span four distinct generations. Consequently, generational conflict is one of the last bastions of acceptable discrimination in today’s workplace. In order to create a truly collaborative workplace, organizational leaders must encourage associates to view generational differences as a valuable strength, rather than a weakness. Hence, the intent of this manuscript is to empower organizations to find common ground in order to bridge the multi-generational workforce gaps that permeate.
This book will predominately focus on engaging with the newest generation in the workplace...the Millennials. At the onset, this research will provide a portrait of Millennials, which will include their modus operandi in the workplace. Once Millennials are understood, strategies and best practices are developed to address a multitude of issues that exist within the workplace. This process will include dispelling myths that pervade and setting the record straight about facts versus fiction. In addition, it will explore Millennial language, particularly jargon and vernacular which is commonly used in the workplace. Moreover, this research will examine the significance of technology, the emergence of social media, and the importance of education for this “digital native” generation.
From a strategic leadership perspective, this manuscript will continue seeking ways to bridge the multi-generational gap in the workplace by exploring how to align their ethical values and develop more collaborative relationships between these distinct cohorts. Similarly, it examine how to motivate and cultivate loyalty among the Millennial associates within the workplace. Lastly, it will discern various organizational leadership styles that are effective and conducive for Millennials. Ultimately, the purpose of this research is to equip organizations to lead a multi-generational workforce.
Mark Caner
Mark Caner is a senior officer and president of a business unit for a Fortune 500 company based in Cincinnati, Ohio. Mark earned a bachelor of science degree in business administration (majoring in finance) from The Ohio State University, holds a master’s in business administration from Capital University, and graduated from Regent University’s School of Business & Leadership with a doctorate degree in strategic leadership. Mark has earned a variety of industry designations, including Certified Financial Planner, Chartered Financial Consultant, Chartered Life Underwriter, and Accredited Estate Planner. With over 20 years of experience in the financial services industry, Mark’s education and expertise have led to numerous publications and speaking engagements at various industry conferences and media events. Mark has served on various boards in the community, including The Salvation Army and American Red Cross, as well as held numerous leadership positions at his church and with various local charities. Mark, his wife and two children, make their home in Cincinnati. In his personal time, he enjoys spending time with his family, plays a variety of sports, teaches financial management at his church, and is a avid Ohio State sports fan.
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Millennial Engagement in the Workplace - Mark Caner
INTRODUCTION
The children now love luxury; they often show disrespect for elders and love chatter in place of exercise. They no longer rise when their elders enter the room. They contradict their parents, chatter before company, cross their legs, and tyrannize their teachers.
As you examine this quote, which generation immediately comes to mind? Do not be too quick to judge because you may be surprised. Although this depiction may contain characteristics of the Millennial generation, the quote goes all the way back to the Fourth Century philosopher Socrates. Hence, although we may feel this generation pushes the envelope on decorum, it may not be as distinct as we think. Moreover, it is important to remember that they are a product of their upbringing. So the parents of this generation, who primarily consist of Baby Boomers, are significant contributors to such behavior.
When we consider this dynamic with research that strongly indicates that most of our cultural lens (i.e. learned perspective during our upbringing) is nearly developed and set by age 17, it makes it imperative to understand a Millennial’s formative youth before we can examine their proclivities in the workforce. Thus, although the intent of this book is to enable organizational leaders and Millennials to find common ground to bridge the multi-generational workforce gaps that exist, it will need to first seek to understand who they are and what their modus operandi is before a strategy or best practice is proposed.
Accordingly, this book has taken this challenge to task by surveying Millennials from private sector corporations, educational institutions and charitable organizations in order to evaluate, measure and analyze its results with a wealth of generational research that has been conducted since they formally entered the workforce over the last decade.
During the first edition of this book (written in 2013), this survey was distributed to Millennials between age 22 and 30 from several Fortune 500 corporations, Division I-A universities, and charitable organizations. At that time, younger Millennials (less than age 22) were excluded to disregard jobs held during undergraduate studies or prior to the beginning of their first vocations. Thus, although this definition does not assure that these results are decisively accurate, this was the most common designated age utilized in the Millennial research encountered. In total, there were 230 responses that were received from Millennials in private sector businesses (e.g. Western & Southern Financial Group, Nationwide Insurance, Fifth Third Bank), alumni associations from universities (e.g., Ohio State, Duke, Indiana, Notre Dame), and young, emerging leaders from charitable organizations (e.g., Salvation Army Echelon, Young Leaders from American Red Cross).
The survey consisted of 16 questions ranging from multiple choice to open-ended inquiries. It focused on discerning their preference for communication (e.g. synchronous versus e-mail or online), frequency of interaction with their manager (with an emphasis on performance reviews) and ranking of career priorities (e.g., work environment, work life balance, career progression, challenging assignment, and pay/benefits). Once their preferences were selected, the survey empowered them to elaborate on their responses, such as portraying what the ultimate work-life balance would look like, describing the ideal work environment and explaining what constitutes fair
pay/benefits from their perspective. Moreover, it provided a glimpse into how loyal they are to their employers and what key factors contribute to their longevity to remain with the same organization.
It is important to note the survey’s absolute commitment to keep their responses anonymous. This assurance, which was pledged by alumni members and trusted officials, facilitated candid insights into how an organization can meet the needs of the Millennial.
Moreover, the survey made discernable advancements with enlightening insights, organizational strategies and best practices that leaders could employ to improve issues that have been identified by the Millennials within their workplace. Ultimately, it proved to be an acutely valuable tool to more effectively comprehend the Millennial’s mindset in order to align it with an organization’s mission, vision and values. Although there is not nor will there ever be perfect alignment, this survey combined with the extensive research that has come to light over the last decade, can serve as the impetus toward bridging gaps that exist between today’s organizations and the Millennials by finding common ground.
Chapter One
A Portrait of the Millennials
Millennials really do seem to want everything, and I can’t decide if it’s an inability or an unwillingness to make trade-offs,
says Derrick Bolton, assistant dean and M.B.A. admissions director at Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business. They want to be CEO, for example, but they say they don’t want to give up time with their families.
This quote from The Wall Street Journal summarizes a common perception many have about the Millennial generation. They seem to want everything and have a sense of entitlement. Moreover, they demand more from companies than prior generations, yet are less loyal. This issue, along with many other topics relating to the Millennial generation, will be explored throughout this chapter in order to garner an incisive and accurate sense of who they are and what contributing factors were behind their resulting development.
First and foremost, it is central to define the age band of this generation. Although the inaugural age of this generation is unequivocally clear (i.e., those born after 1981), researchers in some studies disagree on the end date. This is the first generation to come of age in the new millennium so the commencement date is set. In 2018 Pew Research, the source of much of the research this book cites, concluded that it should subsequently use 1996 as its end date for the Millennial generation. This range is equivalent in age span to their preceding generation. Moreover, Pew determined that a 1996 end date would allow the entire Millennial generation to have had formative memories of key political, economic and social factors such as the 9/11 terrorist attacks that shook our nation and the 2008 U.S. presidential election. Both of these events had historical significance for the Millennials.
The entire generational spectrum that Pew envisions is as follows:
Within this age band, there are approximately 75 million people in the United States that are considered Millennials. With Pew’s 1996 end date, all Millennials are old enough now to have either entered the work force, or to be pursuing education or training to improve their outcomes once they enter it. Removing Millennials who are pursuing education or training, or who are not working or actively seeking work for other reasons, and using Bureau of Labor statistics, Pew estimated there are 56 million Millennials in the work force today. This number is large enough to give Millennials the distinction of having obtained greater work force numbers than the generations which preceded them:
With its oldest members now exceeding 15 years in the workforce, Millennials have started to mark their passage with a distinct personality. They appear confident, self-expressive, liberal, upbeat and open to change. By and large, they are more ethnically and racially diverse than older adults, which Brookings shows in Figure 1 using 2015 Census Bureau Estimates.
As illustrated in this diagram, racial and ethnic minorities currently make up 44 percent of the Millennials, which compares to 38 percent of Gen Xers, and only 25 percent of the older generations. Another unique Millennial demographic is their nativity. Roughly 11 percent of all Millennials are U.S.-born children of at least one immigrant parent, which is much higher than Gen Xers (7 percent) and Boomers (5 percent). This resembles the Silent generation (11 percent), whose parents also came to the United States during a surge of immigration.
Another important difference of Millennials, particularly in the workforce, is their level of education. The following Pew Research charts present how Millennials compare to previous generations, with other demographics being reflected as well:
Based on education attainment at the same age, the percentage of Millennials who have completed college considerably outpaces older generations, even their next oldest sibling,
the Gen Xers. For 18-24 year-olds in the early 1990s, NCES statistics showed about 34 percent were enrolled in college. This had climbed to 41 percent by 2009, when Millennials averaged about the same age. Moreover, a survey earlier this decade showed that more than half of the Millennials have at least some college education (54 percent), compared to 49 percent of Gen Xers, 36 percent of Boomers and 24 percent of the Silent generation when they were ages 18 to 28. Statistically, Millennials are also more likely to have completed high school than the previous generations.
Millennial women have surpassed Millennial men in the share graduating from or attending college, a trend that began during the Gen X generation. Conversely, in the Boomer and Silent generations, men had exceeded women in college attendance and graduation. Unfortunately, the above chart also shows Black and Hispanic Millennials significantly trailing their Asian and White counterparts in this educational attainment. Correcting this is arguably an important societal goal, as Brookings estimates that racial and ethnic minorities will comprise 50 percent of the U.S. population by the mid-2040s.
Hence, the Millennials are the most educated generation in American history. However, this has not led to being gainfully employed, though things have improved considerably since the 2008-2009 Great Recession,
as the chart below illustrates. Nevertheless, a consistent theme is higher unemployment than earlier generations had experienced at the same age.
Another trend, which is tied to the decades-long trend to increased education, is the declining percentage of 18 to 32 year-olds who are married, as seen in the following Pew Research study released in 2014:
Compared with the Silent generation at the same age (18 to 32), Millennials are more likely to be in the labor force due a preference by the younger women in the Silent generation to be stay-at-home wives. Millennials do not necessarily have less desire to be married, as Pew notes 69 percent of currently unmarried Millennials have an intention to eventually marry, but presently believe they lack the