GIVE REASONS:-

1) Explain why a solution of copper chloride is acidic while that of sodium chloride is neutral? [Link] of salt. (Cu(OH)2 is weak base an HCL is strong acid so acidic solution where as For the other case both are strong so it is a neutral solution). 2) The number of hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution of acetic acid increases considerably with dilution while this is not the case with an aqueous solution of hydrogen [Link]. 3) Why NH4Cl is added before NH4OH during the analysis of III rd basic radical? Ans.NH4CL is a strong electrolyte it suppresses the dissosiation of weak electrolyte NH4OHby common ion effect and decreases the concentration of OH- [Link] group III posses low solubility as compared to group V so they are precipitated. 4) Glycerol is more viscous than ethanol. AnsGlycerol consists of 3 hydroxl group which forms more hydrogen bonding than the ethanol which has got only 2 hydroxyl group. Due to more hydrogen bonding there is much rersistable force and hence glycerol is more viscous than the ethanol. 5) O-Hydroxy benzaldehyde is liquid at room temperature while p-hydroxy benzaldehyde is a high melting solid.

Ans. O-hydroxybenzaldehyde (or salicaldehyde) is a liquid at room temperature where as phydroxybenzaldehyde is a solid because the former involves intramolecular hydrogen bonding, while in the latter we have intermolecular hydrogen bonding. This intermolecular H-bonding causes association of molecules in p-hydroxybenzaldehyde while there is no such association in ohydroxybenzaldehyde. As a result, bonding in p-hydroxybenzaldehyde is stronger than in ohydroxybenzaldehyde and hence it is a solid while o-hydroxybenzaldehyde is a liquid.

6) Reaction between acetic acid and ethyl alcohol attains a state of equilibrium in an open vessel but decomposition of CaCO3 does [Link]? [Link] of CaCO3 gives CO2(gas) so the reaction cannot attain equilibrium as the product is not conserved in an open vessel. 7) The rusting of iron increases in water containing dissolved CO2. [Link] dioxide in water tends to cause corrosion. The carbon dioxide gas can combine with water to form carbonic acid, which lowers the pH of the water. A low pH promotes corrosion(as acidic waters have lots of H+ ions in the water to react

with the electrons at the cathode, so corrosion is enhanced 8) Mg(OH)2 is sparingly soluble in water but highly soluble in ammonium chloride solution. 9) How does rate constant depend upon concentration and temperature? [Link] constant depends on temperature only and not on conc. 10) Explain why rusting of iron is faster in saline water than in ordinary water. Ans. Saline water mainly contains salts like NaCl, which increases the ionization of water and electrochemical reactions are speeded up or corrosion current increases and thus rusting becomes quicker 11) What is meant by an Autocatalysed reaction with appropriate example. [Link] one of the product formed in the reaction acts as a catalysis. Example-Hydrolysis of ethyl acetate. 12) Explain why H2+ ion is more stable than H2- ion, although both have same bond order. [Link] H2+ the single electron is in BMO whereas in H2- 2 are in BMO and 1 is in ABMO so H2+ is more stable than H213) NaCl precipitated from its solution when HCl is passed through it. [Link] common salt consists of many insoluble and soluble impurities. Saturated solution of common salt is prepared and insoluble impurities are filtered off. Hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) is circulated through the saturated solution. HCl and NaCl dissociate into their respective ions as: NaCl Na+ + ClHCl H+ + ClThe concentration of Cl- ions increases considerably in solution due to ionization HCl. Hence, the ionic product [Na+][Cl-] exceeds the solubility product of sodium chloride and, therefore, pure sodium chloride precipitates out from solution. 14) Iron displaces copper from copper sulphate solution but silver does not. [Link] Electrochemical series(Iron is above copper and silver is below copper) 15) Blocks of magnesium are often strapped to the steel hulls of ocean ship. [Link] is more electropositive and act as sacrificial anode and thus prevents the corrosion of ships Therefore Magnesium blocks are striped to steel hulls of ocean

going ships to prevent them from corrosion