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How CFB Boilers Operate and Fuel Options

CFB boilers emerged in the late 1970s using bubbling fluidized bed technology with a boiler floor grid. Early designs used sand to create a thermal zone within 15 feet of the combustor floor but the media did not circulate. CFBs burn coal in chunks mixed with limestone at lower temperatures of 1,500-1,650°F. Air fluidizes the mixture and the resulting lime absorbs over 98% of SO2 emissions. CFBs also produce around half the NOx of conventional coal plants. Ash and unburned fuel are recirculated to burn thoroughly and reduce pollutants. CFB boilers can burn a variety of biomass and coal fuels

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Leonard Simatupang
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55 views2 pages

How CFB Boilers Operate and Fuel Options

CFB boilers emerged in the late 1970s using bubbling fluidized bed technology with a boiler floor grid. Early designs used sand to create a thermal zone within 15 feet of the combustor floor but the media did not circulate. CFBs burn coal in chunks mixed with limestone at lower temperatures of 1,500-1,650°F. Air fluidizes the mixture and the resulting lime absorbs over 98% of SO2 emissions. CFBs also produce around half the NOx of conventional coal plants. Ash and unburned fuel are recirculated to burn thoroughly and reduce pollutants. CFB boilers can burn a variety of biomass and coal fuels

Uploaded by

Leonard Simatupang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

How does CFB boiler works?

Early-generation CFB technology emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s as
bubbling fluidized bed technology using the same boiler floor grid as circulating
designs. Ash or river sand was introduced to create a fluidized media that produced an
active thermal zone within the first 15 feet of the combustor floor. But the media did
not circulate out of the boiler and back into it for re-burning.

Conventional coal fired power plants use pulverized coal, ground to the consistency
of facial powder, and burn it at temperatures between 2,200 F to 2,400 F. In contrast,
CFBs use coal in chunks about 3/8-inch in size mixed with limestone and burn it at
lower temperatures1,500 F to 1,650 F. Air is blown into the boiler to suspend, or
fluidize, the mixture. Heat in the boiler converts the limestone to lime that absorbs
SO2, removing most of it in the furnace.

A CFBs lower burn temperature produces less NOx. Overall, the CFB process
removes some 98 percent of SO2 and produces roughly half the NOx compared with
conventional coal plants. A cyclone turbulent air system returns ash and unburned fuel
to the boiler to be burned again, making the combustion more thorough and reducing
the volume of pollutants in the flue gas. CFB reduces or eliminates entirely equipment
that conventional coal plants need to capture SO2 and NOx.

With CFB, solids are circulated all the way to the top of the combustor, into the
cyclone return system, then back to the fluidized bed combustion chamber. The cloud
of circulating solids creates a flywheel effect that generates massive thermal inertia.
Whether the unit is at full or partial load, around 2 percent of the circulating mass is
consumed as [Link] means a plant is getting a lot of benefit from the latent heat and
the solids that are circulating, said Jim Utt, vice president of utility steam generators
for Foster Wheeler, a CFB technology pioneer.

What fuels can be heating CFB boiler


CFB boiler can be heating by biomass fuels, like bagasse, lees, rice husk, palm shell, wood chip as
well as different kinds of cool. And coal fired CFB boiler are favored by people with development
of economy.

One of our customers fluidized bed boilers asset is its ability to burn a variety of
fuels. But such boiler flexibility requires far more attention to fuel handling and
crushing equipment than for a plant that will burn the same fuel over many decades.
With the trend of modern CFBs burning more kinds of fuels comes the need for better
planning of fuel handling systems. Our biomass fired cfb boiler are popular for
worldwide.

Source: [Link]

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