Ethnic groups
Main article: Ethnic groups in Chad
A tribal delegation
The peoples of Chad carry significant ancestry from Eastern, Central, Western, and Northern
Africa.[65]
Chad has more than 200 distinct ethnic groups,[66] which create diverse social structures. The
colonial administration and independent governments have attempted to impose a national
society, but for most Chadians the local or regional society remains the most important influence
outside the immediate family. Nevertheless, Chad's people may be classified according to the
geographical region in which they live.[12][42]
A Toubou man near rocky lands in north Chad
In the south live sedentary people such as the Sara, the nation's main ethnic group, whose
essential social unit is the lineage. In the Sahel sedentary peoples live side-by-side with nomadic
ones, such as the Arabs, the country's second major ethnic group. The north is inhabited by
nomads, mostly Toubous.[12][42]