Scribd
Upload
155 views15 pages

PEO Model PDF

Uploaded by

Enyeni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
155 views15 pages

PEO Model PDF

Uploaded by

Enyeni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
KEY WorDS. Clientcentred practice Environment, physical Humon activities and ‘occupations Models, theoretical Environment, socicl Mory tow, Ph.D, OTC) is Associate roestor in the School of Cceupotional Therapy and Physcr theropy ond the Deparimen of Ciinical Epidemiology ond Biostli- fies, MeMasler Univery, ond Research Asscciote, Occupatono! Theropy, ChedokeWeMasler Hos pllls,O1/2T Be, F16, 1280 Mein Stet Wes, Homihon, ON. LBS 4K Barbara A. Cooper, Ph D,, OTIC) is Asiociate Professor, Ausocile Deon cof Helly Sciences, ond Dirclr of the School of Ceespotional Therapy ‘ond Physiolheiopy, MeMasler Univesiy, Homion, ON, Susan Strong, MSc, OTIC) is on Occupational Thereps,Progyom Erchatin/Quoly Assvance, Hon ‘en Poychiatc Hes, Hato, ON, Debra Stewort, B.S, OT{C), is on Occupational Therapie! at Eincek, ‘nd an Occipatonl Teropy Cons lat Poecotis, Misizougo, ON, Paty Rigby, MHSc,, OTIC), is o lacie, Deparment of Occupational Therapy, Universiy of Toran, ond ‘on Occupational Therapist, Hogh ‘MocNillan Rehabilitation Conte Teron; ON, Loi Lets, MA, OTIC), is Assit Professor inthe School of Cecuporional Therapy ond Physio- ‘heropy, -MeMasler Universi Homiton, ON. MARY LAW * BARBARA COOPER * SUSAN STRONG ‘+ DEBRA STEWART # PATRICIA RIGBY © LORI LETTS The Person-Environment- Occupation Model: A transactive approach to occupational performance ABSTRACT Occupational therapy theory, practice and research has increasingly emphasized the transactional relationship between person, environment and occupation. Occupational pecformance results from the dynamic relationship between people, their occupations and roles, and the environments in which they live, work and play. There have, however, been few models of practice in the occupational therapy literature which discuss the theoretical and clinical applications of person-environment interaction. This paper proposes a Person-Environment-Occupation Model of occupa- tional performance which builds on concepts from the Occupational ‘Therapy Guidelines for Client Centered Practice and from environment behaviour theories. The model describes interactions between person, occupation and environment, outlines major concepts and assumptions, and is applied to a practice situation, RESUME La théorie, la pratique et la recherche en ergothérapie met- tent de plus en plus Paccent sut la relation cransactionnelle entre la per- sonne, son environnement et son occupation, Le rendement occupation- nel se traduit par la relation dynamique entre les gens, leurs occupations, leurs réles et les environnements dans lesquels ils vivent, travallent et se décendent. Par ailleurs, peu de moddles, dans les publications sur la pra- tique en ergothérapie, font état des applications théoriques et cliniques de Tinteraction entre la personne et son environnement. Cet exposé décrt le rendement occupationnel dans un Modele relationnel personne-environ- rnement-occupation a partir des concepts élaborés dans les Lignes direcri- ‘es pour une pratique de l'ergothérapie centrée sur le client ex des théories sur environnement et le comportement. Le Mode décrit le interactions entre la personne, son occupation et son environnement, souligne les prin aux concepts en cause et est appliqué dans le cadre d'une situation pratique Mew et al ‘The early history of occupational therapy recog- nized that the relationship between persons and their environments. For example, Crane (1919) discussed how occupational therapy can bolster morale in the hospital environment and recom- mended the establishment of healthy hospital environments. While these ideas were present eatly on in occupational therapy, they were not emphasized in occupational therapy literature during the 1940s to 1960s. During the past 20 Yeats, views on the relationship berween occupa- tion and the environment have altered Occupational therapy theory, research and prac. tice have moved ftom a biomedical model based on principles of cause and effect, to a transactive ‘model of occupational performance. The later tecognizes that occupational performance may be better described as the product of a dynamic, interwoven relationship that exists among peo. Ple, their occupations and roles, and the enviton- ments in which they live, work and play (Canadian Association of Occupational ‘Therapists (CAOT), 1991; Christiansen & Baum, 1991; Law, Cooper et al., 1994; Polasjko, 1994), ‘These changes indicate that, on a broad scale, people now consider che environment from ‘mote complex transactive view rather than from an interactive perspective. The interactive ap- Proach assumes that characteris of the person and characteristics of the environment exist inde- pendently of one another, so that they can be Separated for study, The relationship’ berween these characteristics is considered to occur in a linear direction and assumes cause and efece between characterinics. These characteristics are considered to be discrete and easier to measure, An interactive approach allows behaviour to by predicted and controled, by influencing change at the level of an individual or environmencd staracteristc. On the other hand, a transactional approach assumes an interdependence of person and environment. In this approach, itis ackeowl, ‘ged that behaviour is influenced and cannoe be fharted From contextual influences, temporal factors, and physical and psychological character. fe istics. Using a transactional approach, ic is recog nized that 2 person's contexts are continually shifting and as contexts change, the behaviour necessary to accomplish a goal also changes (Dunn, Brown & McGuigan, 1994). The unit of measurement studied using a transactional approach is an event and the meaning of that ‘event to participancs. As well, disability advocates stress that problems with disability stem primarily from the association between the individual and the envi- ronment (Hahn, 1984; Jongbloed & Crichton, 1990). Environments may foster dependency and frequently offer poor solutions to the prob- lems of disability. Proponents of this view ‘emphasize the ecological nature of disability and recognize that problems related to disability may be caused by the relationship between a person with a disability and the environment, rather than by the disability itself. Therefore, rather than focus change on the person, they recom- mend that social policy and health intervention be used to change environmental conditions to ‘ones that foster the participation of people with ies in our communities (Funk, 1987; Law, 1991). ‘While the imporcance of person-environ- ment relations has been generally recognized, there is a lack of occupational therapy literature describing the theoretical and clinical applica- tions of person-environment interaction as these Pertain to occupational therapy. The purpose of this paper, therefore is to discuss a Person-Envi- Fonment-Occupation Model of occupational performance which can form the basis of a clini- cal model of practice for occupational cherapists. UTERATURE REVIEW ENVIRONMENT ‘The study of human ecology is concesned with human beings and their relationship with their

You might also like