2016 School Competition Answer Key
2016 School Competition Answer Key
School Competition
Booklet
National Sponsors
Raytheon Company
Northrop Grumman Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
National Society of Professional Engineers
CNA Foundation
Phillips 66
Texas Instruments Incorporated
3Mgives
Art of Problem Solving
NextThought
Founding Sponsors: National Society of Professional Engineers, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and CNA Foundation
I will read each problem aloud as it is presented to you. You may use the scratch paper and
pencil in front of you to calculate your answer to the problem. You are not allowed to use
calculators during this round.
You will have a maximum of 45 seconds to solve the problem after it is presented. You
will be given a ten-second warning before time expires. As soon as you have solved the
problem, press your buzzer. [Schools may have alternate methods of determining order of
finish and should adjust directions to students accordingly.] I will call on the first person who
signals. Do not announce your answer until I call on you. Each time you wish to answer,
you must signal, though you may not answer more than once for any question. If you
do not signal before you answer, your answer will be disqualified. If you answer after
signaling but before I call on you, your answer will be accepted, but I ask that you please
wait until you hear your name so that there is no confusion.
Once I call on you, you will have three seconds to begin your answer. Your opponent may
continue working while you are responding.
If you answer correctly, you will score one point in the round. If you answer incorrectly,
your opponent will have the remainder of the allotted 45 seconds to press his/her buzzer
for an opportunity to answer the problem and score a point in the round.
Whoever answers the most of the three problems correctly—not necessarily two out of the
three—will progress to the next round to compete for the next place. If you are tied after
three questions, I will declare a sudden victory situation. I will describe the rules for this
process should this situation arise.
[Note that the above procedure does not necessarily require a student to answer two out of the three
problems correctly. For instance, a student answering only one problem of three will progress to the next
round if his/her opponent has not correctly answered any questions in the round.]
It is very important that rules be followed exactly. If you answer without signaling your
buzzer, your answer will be disqualified.
4. Conduct the round as described above. After the winner of each round is identified, dismiss his/her
opponent, and ask the next written competition place-holder to be seated to participate in the next round.
Invite the new competitor to introduce himself or herself and test his/her buzzer.
5. If a sudden victory situation occurs, read the following statement to the students:
Since you are tied at the end of three problems, I must declare a sudden victory situation.
I will now continue to read problems to both of you. Rules for answering problems remain
the same as before. The first one of you to answer a problem correctly will advance to the
next round.
6. Repeat procedure until the champion is identified. However, just before the 4th-ranked student competes
in his/her first round, announce that for the final four rounds, the first student to answer three problems
correctly will advance to the next round.
*Rules for the Countdown Round change for the National Competition.
SCORING
1. Acceptable forms for answers are as follows:
a. All answers must be expressed in simplest form. A “common fraction” is to be considered a
a
fraction in the form ± b , where a and b are natural numbers and GCF(a, b) = 1. In some cases
the term “common fraction” is to be considered a fraction in the form BA , where A and B are
algebraic expressions, and A and B do not share a common factor. A simplified “mixed number”
a
(“mixed numeral,” “mixed fraction”) is to be considered a fraction in the form ± N b , where N,
a and b are natural numbers, a < b and GCF(a, b) = 1.
b. Ratios should be expressed as common fractions, unless otherwise specified.
c. Radicals must be simplified. A simplified radical must satisfy: 1) no radicands have a factor
which possesses the root indicated by the index; 2) no radicands contain fractions; and 3) no
radicals appear in the denominator of a fraction. Numbers with fractional exponents are not in
radical form.
d. Answers to problems asking for a response in the form of a dollar amount or an unspecified
monetary unit (e.g., “How many dollars…,” “How much will it cost…,” “What is the amount
of interest…”) should be expressed in the form of ($) a.bc, where a is an integer and b and c are
digits. The only exceptions to this rule are when a is zero, in which case it may be omitted, or
when b and c are both zero, in which case they both may be omitted. Answers in the form ($) a.bc
should be rounded to the nearest cent, unless otherwise specified.
e. Do not make approximations for numbers (e.g. �, 2 , 5 3 ) in the data given or in solutions
3
unless the problem says to do so.
f. Do not perform any intermediate rounding (other than the “rounding” the calculator does) when
calculating solutions. All rounding should be done at the end of the computation process.
g. Answers expressed in scientific notation should be in the form a × 10n where a is a decimal,
1 ≤ a < 10 and n is an integer.
h. An answer expressed to a greater or lesser degree of accuracy than called for in the problem will
not be accepted. Whole-number answers should be expressed in their whole-number form. Thus,
25.0 will not be accepted for 25, and 25 will not be accepted for 25.0
i. Units of measurement are not required in answers, but must be correct if given. When a problem
asks for an answer expressed in a specific unit of measure or when a unit of measure is provided
in the answer blank, equivalent answers expressed in other units are not acceptable. For example,
if a problem asks for the number of ounces and 36 oz is the correct answer, 2 lbs 4 oz will not be
accepted. If a problem asks for the number of cents and 25 cents is the correct answer, $0.25 will
not be accepted.
j. The plural form of the units will always be provided in the answer blank, even if the answer
appears to require the singular form of the units.
2. Specific instructions stated in a given problem should take precedence over any general rule or procedure.
3. Scores are kept for individuals and teams. The individual score is the number of Sprint Round
questions answered correctly plus two times the number of Target Round questions answered correctly.
The maximum possible individual score is 46. The team score is calculated by dividing the sum of
the team members’ individual scores by four, and then adding two times the number of Team Round
questions answered correctly. The maximum possible team score is 66.
Because the School Competition is not the only mechanism available to determine which students should
advance to the Chapter Competition, ties on the School Competition needn’t be broken. At the Chapter, State
and National Competitions, however, ties among individuals or teams will be broken by comparing the scores
of specific rounds.
Sprint Round Answers
1. 0.5 grams 6. 15
3. $60 or 60.00 8. 4
5. 20 in2 10. 2
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Answer Key
0
2016 4
School Competition 5
Sprint Round 6
Problems 1−30
7
Name 8
In each written round of the competition, the required unit for the answer
is included in the answer blank. The plural form of the unit is always used,
even if the answer appears to require the singular form of the unit. The
unit provided in the answer blank is the only form of the answer that will
be accepted.
National Sponsors
Raytheon Company
Northrop Grumman Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
National Society of Professional Engineers
CNA Foundation
Phillips 66
Texas Instruments Incorporated
3Mgives
Art of Problem Solving
NextThought
Founding Sponsors: National Society of Professional Engineers, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and CNA Foundation
6
4
$
2. _____________ Cory has a summer job at the local grocery store. How much will Cory get paid
to work 20 hours each week for 8 weeks if he earns $10 an hour?
7
3. _____________ What is the value of 21 divided by ?
8
T E
4. _____________
percent 50
The graph shows the results when 100 teachers
reported the number of years they have been
40
Teachers
30
teaching. What percent of these teachers have
20
been teaching more than 5 years but no more
10
than 15 years?
1– 5 6 – 10 11 – 15 16 – 20
Years
8 4
6. _____________ If = , what is the value of d ?
14 d
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Sprint Round
7. _____________
dots The figure shows the first four stages of a dot pattern. If the pattern continues,
how many dots will be in the figure for Stage 7?
$
8. _____________ According to this order form for Tessa’s art supplies, the total cost for the
20 items she ordered was $150.00. Some of the details of Tessa’s order are
missing from the order form, but based on the information given, what was the
unit price for each sketch pad Tessa ordered?
ORDER FORM
I Q U P T C
Paint Brush $ 8.00 $ 48.00
Acrylic Paint 10 $ $ 75.00
Sketch Pad 4 $ $
20 $150.00
9. _____________
feet A length of 240 feet of fencing is to be supported by a total of 13 evenly spaced
fence posts, including one at each end, as shown. How far apart must the fence
posts be spaced?
y
D C
10. _____________
units2
This coordinate grid shows pentagon ABCDE with vertices E
A(3, 0), B(4, 0), C(4, 7), D(0, 7) and E(0, 5). What is its area?
Express your answer as a decimal to the nearest tenth.
x
A B
4
11. _____________
cookies Maria baked a batch of cookies. She ate three cookies and then of the cookies
5
were left. How many cookies did Maria bake?
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Sprint Round
13. _____________
pounds The weights of four students on a wrestling team are 100 pounds, 108 pounds,
113 pounds, and 119 pounds. What is the mean weight of the four students?
inches
14. _____________ A 5-foot ribbon is cut into two pieces with lengths in the ratio 1:4. How many
inches long is the shortest piece?
5 feet
15. _____________
gallons While jogging, Cher’s heart pumped 450 gallons of blood in 1 hour, 15 minutes.
On average, how many gallons of blood did her heart pump each minute?
y
8
6
16. _____________
( , ) What are the coordinates of the image of P,
4
when this figure is reflected across the y-axis?
Express your answer as an ordered pair. 2
P
x
−4 −2 2 4
boxes
17. _____________ The glee club had a fund-raiser selling cookies to raise money for a spring
concert. The club kept half of the money collected from selling cookies for $5
per box. How many boxes of cookies were sold if the glee club kept $1250?
18. _____________
cm The length of a rectangle is twice its width. The rectangle has an area of
128 cm2. What is its perimeter?
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Sprint Round
19. _____________
integers How many two-digit positive integers less than 25 have the property that they
are divisible by each of their digits?
20. _____________ The three-digit integer 5A4 is a multiple of six. What is the sum of all the
possible values for the digit represented by A?
21. _____________
coins The total cost of Keegan’s lunch was $4.56. He paid with a 5-dollar bill and
received exact change. What is the fewest number of coins Keegan could have
received?
22. _____________ The line passing through (−3, 2) and (7, −1) intersects the x-axis at the point
(a, 0). What is the value of a? Express your answer as a common fraction.
23. _____________
$ The prize money in a science fair is divided among the top three winners so that
the amount awarded for first place is four times the amount for third place, and
the amount for second place is three times the amount for third place. If the total
amount of prize money is $2400, what is the amount awarded for second place?
24. _____________
degrees
B In right triangle ABC, shown here, mA = 40°, and D is on side AC
such that segment BD bisects CBA. What is the degree
measure of BDC?
40˚
C D A
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Sprint Round
1 3
25. _____________ Addie’s one-quart fruit salad is strawberries and blueberries. Ashlyn’s
1 4 1 4
one-quart fruit salad is strawberries and blueberries. When Addie and
2 2
Ashlyn combine their fruit salads, what portion of the mixture is strawberries?
Express your answer as a common fraction.
26. _____________
triangles How many triangles are in the figure shown here?
27. _____________ J.R.R. Tolkien, author of The Hobbit, stated in 1970 that on one of his birthdays
the age he turned was the square root of the year. In what year was he born?
28. _____________
hours Twins Cara and Dara drove from their house to the beach in exactly 5 hours,
not including rest stops. First, Cara drove at an average speed of 40 mi/h and
stopped at a rest area located halfway between their house and the beach. Then
Dara drove from that location to the beach at an average speed of 60 mi/h. For
how many hours did Dara drive?
A B
29. _____________
units3 For the rectangular solid shown, AB = 12 units,
E F BC = 8 units and AE = 6 units. What is the volume
D C of the tetrahedron DHBC?
H G
30. _____________ Bobby attends an event along with two friends. At the event, there is a drawing
for three door prizes. Each person in attendance has an equal chance of winning
a prize and no one can win more than one prize. If there are 20 people at
the event, including Bobby and his two friends, what is the probability that
Bobby and both of his friends each will win a prize? Express your answer as a
common fraction.
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Sprint Round
2016
School Competition
Target Round
Problems 1 & 2
Name
National Sponsors
Raytheon Company
Northrop Grumman Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
National Society of Professional Engineers
CNA Foundation
Phillips 66
Texas Instruments Incorporated
3Mgives
Art of Problem Solving
NextThought
Founding Sponsors: National Society of Professional Engineers, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and CNA Foundation
day
2. ________________ The height of a bean plant is measured daily. At the end of the second day of
observations, it measured 1 inch in height. Thereafter, its height doubled every
two days. At the end of which day will the plant measure exactly 16 inches tall?
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Target Round
2016
School Competition
Target Round
Problems 3 & 4
Name
National Sponsors
Raytheon Company
Northrop Grumman Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
National Society of Professional Engineers
CNA Foundation
Phillips 66
Texas Instruments Incorporated
3Mgives
Art of Problem Solving
NextThought
Founding Sponsors: National Society of Professional Engineers, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and CNA Foundation
4. _____________ What is the least positive integer n such that the product of 2016 and n ends in
the digits 00?
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Target Round
2016
School Competition
Target Round
Problems 5 & 6
Name
National Sponsors
Raytheon Company
Northrop Grumman Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
National Society of Professional Engineers
CNA Foundation
Phillips 66
Texas Instruments Incorporated
3Mgives
Art of Problem Solving
NextThought
Founding Sponsors: National Society of Professional Engineers, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and CNA Foundation
6. _____________
paths In the figure shown, how many paths are there that move
B
only upward from A to B?
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Target Round
2016
School Competition
Target Round
Problems 7 & 8
Name
National Sponsors
Raytheon Company
Northrop Grumman Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
National Society of Professional Engineers
CNA Foundation
Phillips 66
Texas Instruments Incorporated
3Mgives
Art of Problem Solving
NextThought
Founding Sponsors: National Society of Professional Engineers, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and CNA Foundation
8. _____________
ft2 A piece of wire measuring 48 feet long is cut into two pieces of equal length.
One piece is bent into an equilateral triangle and the other is bent into a circle.
What is the combined area of the two shapes? Express your answer to the
nearest whole number.
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Target Round
2016
School Competition
Team Round
Problems 1−10
Team
Members , Captain
National Sponsors
Raytheon Company
Northrop Grumman Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
National Society of Professional Engineers
CNA Foundation
Phillips 66
Texas Instruments Incorporated
3Mgives
Art of Problem Solving
NextThought
Founding Sponsors: National Society of Professional Engineers, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and CNA Foundation
2. _____________
ordered How many ordered pairs of integers (a, b) satisfy a × b = 60?
pairs
3. _____________
$ The final bill for the Freeman’s dinner, including a 20% tip, was $72. What was
the total cost of the Freeman’s dinner before the tip was added?
4. _____________
marbles Tucker has a jar containing 4 green and 5 blue marbles. What is the minimum
number of marbles Tucker needs to remove from the jar, without replacement,
to guarantee that he has at least four marbles of the same color among those
removed?
5. _____________
in2 A rectangular piece of paper measures 8 inches by 4 inches. The paper is folded
along a crease from the upper left corner to a point located 3 inches from the
lower left corner along the bottom edge, creating a right triangle as shown. What
is the area of the shaded region?
8
4
3
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Team Round
6. _____________ The product of three consecutive prime numbers is 105. What is their sum?
7. _____________
hits Everett’s batting average is 0.300 after getting 120 hits in 400 times at bat. How
many hits must he get in his next 100 times at bat to raise his average to 0.400?
8. _____________ The lines given by the equations y = x + 1 and y = ax + b are perpendicular and
intersect at the point (2, 3). What is the value of a + b?
9. _____________
ft3 The Farmington family has two different silos on their farm. The first silo is a
circular cylinder of height 20 ft with parallel bases of diameter 14 ft. The second
silo is a cylinder of height 22 ft topped by a cone of height 10 ft, both with bases
of diameter 12 ft. What is the absolute difference between the volumes of the
two silos? Express your answer in terms of π.
10. _____________ Regular octagon ABCDEFGH with side length 2 units is placed on a coordinate
plane such that side AB lies on the positive y-axis and side CD lies on the
positive x-axis. What is the absolute difference between the x- and y-coordinates
of F? Express your answer in simplest radical form.
Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. 2016 School Team Round
NOTES
NOTES









