Research Questions
The succeeding research questions were used to guide the data analyses and discussion:
(1) What were the unintended learning (UL) of students about the Digestive System?
(2) What kind of unintended learning (UL) did the students have about the Digestive System?
(3) What category of reasoning was used in the students’ unintended learning (UL)?
Theoretical Lens
Ryle (1949) assigned knowledge according to types as propositional and procedural knowledge. At
school, Bloom’s taxonomy of knowledge was used by many for attaining learning objectives. According
to Krathwohl (2002), the kinds of knowledge are factual, procedural, conceptual and metacognitive
knowledge from revised Bloom’s taxonomy of knowledge. These overlaying categories of knowledge
were used as guide to analyze this study and these kinds of knowledge are defined as follows:
1. Factual Knowledge: It is the reality or fact that the student had seen, or it is the very basic of
everything.
2. Conceptual Knowledge: It involves associations between the reality that the student observed
and his prior knowledge that he uses to relate them with each other. It includes understanding
of concept principles, theories, classification and function.
3. Procedural knowledge: It is the experience of the student on how to do things.