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Integration Using Trigonometric Substitution

This document summarizes how to calculate the integral of 1 over the square root of 9 plus x squared. It explains that because the expression under the square root is a number plus x squared, we can use trigonometric substitution with tangent. It shows setting x equal to 3 tangent theta, and calculating the integral of 3 tangent theta times 3 dtheta. Finally, it uses a right triangle and the Pythagorean theorem to relate theta to x, and substitutes this into the integral to obtain the solution of the square root of 9 plus x squared plus a constant.

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arachide8
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97 views1 page

Integration Using Trigonometric Substitution

This document summarizes how to calculate the integral of 1 over the square root of 9 plus x squared. It explains that because the expression under the square root is a number plus x squared, we can use trigonometric substitution with tangent. It shows setting x equal to 3 tangent theta, and calculating the integral of 3 tangent theta times 3 dtheta. Finally, it uses a right triangle and the Pythagorean theorem to relate theta to x, and substitutes this into the integral to obtain the solution of the square root of 9 plus x squared plus a constant.

Uploaded by

arachide8
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

That triangle thing:

x
∫ dx
√ 9+ x 2
Because it’s a number plus x 2, we use tangent.

x=3 tanθ dx=3 ¿

∫ 3 tanθ × 3 ¿ ¿¿ ¿ ¿
Now you have to convert the θ’s to x’s. You use a triangle to do this. You know:

x o
tanθ= =
3 a

Draw a triangle. Use Pythagorean Theorem to find hypotenuse:

3
x

θ
√ 9−x2

We want to find:

h
sec θ=
a

9+ x2
3 sec θ=3 × √ =√ 9+ x 2 +c
3

Yay!

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