KwYK (Conics)
hv bv Rvb‡jB bq:
KwYK: GKwU wbw`©ó we›`y I GKwU wbw`©ó mij †iLv n‡Z †h mKj we›`y `~i‡Z¡i AbycvZ GKwU aª“ eK; H we›`y ¸‡jvi mÂvi c_‡K KwYK e‡j|
i wbw`©ó we›`ywUi bvg Dc‡K›`ª s P
ii wbw`©ó †iLvwUi bvg w`Kv¶ MM M . .
iii we›`y n‡Z `~iZ¡ I †iLv n‡Z `~i‡Z¡i z A
S
/
SP M
AbycvZ Dr‡Kw›`ªKZv
PM
e 0 n‡j mÂvi c_ we›`y e„Ë Rvb‡ZB n‡e
e 1 n‡j mÂvi c_ cive„Ë A¶‡iLv: Dc‡K›`ª n‡Z w`Kv‡¶i Dci Aw¼Z j¤^v †iLv|
kxl© we›`y: cive„Ë I A¶‡iLvi †Q` we›`y ( A we›`y)
e 1 n‡j mÂvi c_ Dce„Ë
Dc‡Kw›`ªK `~iZ¡ ev †dvKvm`~iZ¡:
e 1 n‡j mÂvi c_ Awae„Ë
Dc‡K›`ª n‡Z cive„‡Ëi †h‡Kvb we›`y `~iZ¡ (SP ev SA )
Kwb‡Ki ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KwZcq msÁv:
(i) A¶‡iLv (Axis): Dc‡K‡›`ªi ga¨ w`‡q w`Kv‡¶i Dci Aw¼Z j¤^ †iLvwU‡K †h †Kvb Kwb‡Ki (cive„Ë, Dce„Ë I Awae„Ë) A¶‡iLv ejv nq|
(ii) kxl©we›`y (Vertex): †h †Kvb KwbK Ges A¶‡iLvi †Q`we›`y‡K Kwb‡Ki kxl©we›`y ejv nq|
(iii)Dc‡Kw›`ªK `~iZ¡ (Focal Distance): Dc‡K›`ª †_‡K Kwb‡Ki †h †Kvb we›`yi `– iZ¡‡K Dc‡Kw›`ªK `– iZ¡ ev, †dvKvm `– iZ¡ ejv nq|
(iv) Dc‡Kw›`ªK R¨v (Focal Chord): Kwb‡Ki †h R¨v Dc‡K›`ª w`‡q Mgb K‡i, Zv‡K Dc‡Kw›`ªK R¨v ejv nq|
(v) Dc‡Kw›`ªK j¤^ (Latus Rectum): Dc‡Kw›`ªK R¨v Kwb‡Ki A‡¶i Dci j¤^ n‡j, Zv‡K Dc‡Kw›`ªK j¤^ ev, bvwfj¤^ ejv nq|
e Gi gv‡bi wfbœZvi Dci wfwË K‡i wZb ai‡bi KwbK cvIqv hvq:
mvaviY mgxKiY Dr‡Kw›`ªKZv wbY©‡qi myÎ
cive„Ë (Parabola)| e=1 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎𝑥 A_ev 𝑥 2 = 4𝑎𝑦
Dce„Ë (Ellipse) 0<e<1 𝑥2 𝑦2
+ =1 𝑎2 −𝑏 2
𝑎2 𝑏2 hw` a > b nq, ℮ = √
𝑎2
Awae„Ë (Hyperbola) e>1 𝑥2 𝑦2
− =1 𝑎2 +𝑏 2
𝑎2 𝑏2 hw` a > b nq, ℮ = √
𝑎2
cive„Ë (Parabola)
Parameter y2=4ax AvKv‡ii cive„Ë x2=4ay AvKv‡ii cive„Ë
Y Y
wPÎ P (x,y)
M
A¶‡i x2 = 4ay
wbqvgK Dc‡Kw›`ªK j¤^ Dc‡K›`ªLDc‡Kw›`ªK j¤^
kxl©we›`y †dvKvm L L
S(0, a)
X
Z(-a, 0) A(0, 0) S(a, 0) P(x, y)
X
A(0, 0)
kxl©we›`y
M Z(0, -a) w`Kv¶
1. kxl©we›`y (0, 0) (0, 0)
2. Dc‡K›`ª/†dvKvm (a,0) (0,a)
3. A¶‡iLvi mgxKiY y=0 x=0
4. wbqvgK/w`Kv‡¶i mgxKiY x+a=0 y+a=0
5. Dc‡Kw›`ªK j‡¤^i mgxKiY x–a=0 y–a=0
6. Dc‡Kw›`ªK j¤^/bvwfj‡¤^i ˆ`N¨© 4a 4a
7. Dc‡Kw›`ªK j‡¤^i cÖvš@ we›`y؇qi (a,2a) Ges (a,-2a) (2a,a) Ges (-2a,a)
¯’vbv¼
8. Dc‡Kw›`ªK/ †dvKvm `– iZ¡ |a+x| |a+y|
9. kx‡l© ¯úk©‡Ki mgxKiY 𝑥=0 𝑦=0
Dce„Ë (Ellipse)
Dce„‡Ëi mgxKiY n‡Z wewfbœ Parameter wbY©q m¤• wK©Z mgm¨v|
m– Î : Dce„‡Ëi wewfbœ Parameter
Parameter x2 y 2 x2 y2
1; a b 1; b a
a 2 b2 a 2 b2
Y
wPÎ Y M Z
wbqvgK
kxl©we›`y e„nr A¶
†K›`ª †dvKvm
Dc‡Kw›`ªK j¤^
p(x,y) P(x, y)
M
X S(0, be)
(0,0)s(ae,0) Dc‡K› ‡K›`ª
X X
wbqvgK O(0, 0)
kxl© we›`y ¶z`ª A¶
S(0, -be)
‡hLv‡b, a > b
Dc‡K›`ª Dc‡Kw›`ªK j¤^
kxl©we›`y
wbqvgK
Y
‡hLv‡b, a < b
01. †K›`ª (0, 0) (0, 0)
02. e„nr A‡¶i ˆ`N¨©/ kxl©Ø‡qi `– iZ¡ 2a 2b
03. ¶z`ª A‡¶i ˆ`N©¨ 2b 2a
04. e„nr A‡¶i mgxKiY y=0 x=0
05. ¶z`ª A‡¶i mgxKiY x=0 y=0
06. e„nr A‡¶i cÖvš@we›`y/kxl©we›`y ( a, 0) (0, b)
b2 a2
07. we‡K›`ªKZv/Dr‡K›`ªZv e 1 e 1
a2 b2
08. Dc‡K›`ª/†dvKvm ( ae, 0) (0, be)
09. D. j‡¤^i ˆ`N¨© 2b2/a 2a2/b
10. D. j‡¤^i mgxKiY x = ae y = be
11. †dvKvm؇qi `– iZ¡ 2ae 2be
12. w`Kv¶/wbqvg‡Ki mgxKiY x = a/e y = b/e
Awae„Ë (Hyperbola)
Awae„‡Ëi mgxKiY
x2
y2 y2 x2
Parameter 1 1
a 2 b2 b2 a 2
01. †K›`ª (0, 0) (0, 0)
02. kxl©we›`y ( a, 0) (0, b)
03. Avo A‡¶i ˆ`N¨©/ kxl©Ø‡qi `– iZ¡ 2a 2b
04. AbyeÜx A‡¶i ˆ`N©¨ 2b 2a
b2 a2
05. we‡Kw›`ªKZv/ Dr‡Kw›`ªKZv e 1 2 e 1 2
a b
06. Dc‡K›`ª/ †dvKvm ( ae, 0) (0, be)
a b
07. w`Kv¶/wbqvg‡Ki mgxKiY x y
e e
2b 2 2a 2
08. D. j‡¤^i ˆ`N©¨
a b
09. D. j‡¤^i mgxKiY x = ae y = be
10. Dc‡K›`ªØ‡qi ga¨eZx© `– i“ Z¡ 2ae 2be
