CHAPTER 9

World, India,
China, and USA
is 2+ hours

Filipino average
is 4+ hours

In 2020, Filipinos lead the world

in time spent on social media…
 USA 7+, World 6+,
India 6+, China 5+

Filipino average
is 10+ hours

…and also on the internet

E-Commerce Adoption (Dec. 2020)
• Percentage of internet users
who bought something online
• Philippines 80%
• USA 80%
• China 77%
• World 76%
• India 76%
(Despite of the 22.50 Mbps mobile
internet speed)
• US Senate hearing April 10, 2018
• Senators accused Facebook of selling
information
• Is Facebook capable of snooping on
your phone’s microphone and e-mail in
WhatsApp?
• Frances’ research shows that
Facebook amplifies hate,
misinformation and political unrest
(October 2021)
• US Senate hearing April 10, 2018
• Senators accused Facebook of selling
information
• Is Facebook capable of snooping on
your phone’s microphone and e-mail in
WhatsApp?
• Frances’ research shows that
Facebook amplifies hate,
misinformation and political unrest
(October 2021)
Continuation >>>
Sample Facebook boosting for
700 pesos per day
Facebook’s Sponsored Posts
Facebook’s Advertisement
Embedded in videos
Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (California, US)
General Data Protection Regulation (Europe)
• Any information that can be related to a real, identifiable person is protected and
can’t be used without the person’s permission
Sent through email:

Appears in a smartphone’s notification

Appears while browsing a website

Continuation >>>
 Published November 24, 2021 8:52pm

National Privacy Commission (NPC):

• Data on members’ date of birth, contact number, and gender were
compromised
• Credit cards and other financial information were not compromised
• Ransomware
• Not related to spam text messages offering jobs with high salaries
• Global organized syndicate
• No correlation on contact tracing forms
https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/money/companies/812139/npc-cyberattack-on-s-amp-r-affected-22-
000-data-subjects/story/?fbclid=IwAR2vYRfftYF34nR6Zut7rl_IUQasuMcXUqFhIc0mp6bbtDRmGZisDzBQS3s
• Also known as internet cookies, web cookies, browser cookies
or HTTP cookies
• Are small pieces of information in the form of a text file,
containing a string of letters and numbers.
• Sent from a website to the person’s internet browser.
• Each cookie is unique
• Can’t pass viruses or capture personal information on your
computer.
• Enables the websites to work more efficiently, recognizing and
remembering certain information, such as login details
• Are very common, and you probably have thousands of them
stored right now on your computer.
Session management
• A process of securely carrying
your information through
various sessions.
• Example: Websites that will
offer to remember your
information so you don’t need
to enter your username and
password on each visit
• Example: Shopping cart content
will not disappear when you
leave the website
Personalization
Storing user data such as age, gender, location, interests, preferred theme,
layout, font size or similar data.
Tracking Users
• Tracks all user activities and
behavior on websites,
search engines, or social
media
• Compiles this data and
create statistics about how
people use their site
• Cookies use this data to
help build targeted ads that
you might enjoy
 Types of Cookies

Session cookies
• Also called temporary cookies
• Used to store temporary
information
• Automatically deleted when
browser was closed
• Example: Sites on the back and
forward button, Shopping cart
contents
Permanent cookies
• Also called persistent
cookies
• Not deleted once you close
your browser
• Stored on your computer
until the expiration date or
until you delete them
manually
• Used to remember,
information such as
username and password
First-party cookies
• Cookies directly from
the website’s domain
you are on.

Third-party cookies
• Cookies related to
external domains
• Not issued by the
website’s domain you
are on.
Zombie Cookies
• A zombie cookie is
an HTTP cookie that
returns to life
automatically after
being deleted by the
user.
• You need to delete
the flash cookie that
recreates these
zombie cookies
• Can track activities
between browsers
Super Cookies
• A type of tracking cookie inserted into
an HTTP header by an internet service
provider (such as Verizon in 2014)
• Can’t be removed by deleting cookies
• Can’t be avoided by switching internet
browsers
• Can be avoided by using virtual private
network (VPN)
What do web cookies look like?
• Each cookie has its own attributes: name, value, and
expiration date
• Internet browsers limit cookies to 4096 bytes (4KB) in size.
• A cookie containing your login details could look like this:

Recorded 2021-01-12
username=John
hash=4c70884bd91727c931b91616c2d2b4d8
rememberme=yes
How long do cookies last?
• Session or temporary cookies are
deleted automatically once you close
your browser.
• Other cookies have a specific time of
expiry in the form of date and time
along with their names and values.
• If the website doesn’t set the expiry
date, the browser will delete the
cookie once it’s closed.
• Average lifetime is about 30 days
• Can be set to last for over a year.
Who can access and view my
cookies?
• Only the domain name that saved
the cookies on your hard drive can
access and read them.
• They can’t be accessed or
examined by other websites.
• Even if you don’t see a warning
about the use of cookies, chances
are the website still uses some
types of cookies.
• For chrome, located in:
C:\Users\<your_username>\AppD
ata\Local\Google\Chrome\User
Data\Default\
Can cookies be blocked or deleted?
• Most websites rely on the use of cookies to
allow users to access some of the websites’
essential features.
• Blocking or disabling cookies can limit your
experience on those websites and cause a
lot of annoyances
• Such as having to re-enter your login details
each time you visit a website.
• Modern browsers allow you to manage
cookies and set your preferred tolerance.
• Some of the options include:
• To accept (enable) or always block
(disable) cookies
• To view them and selectively accept or
delete them via cookie manager
• To delete all cookies
Can cookies be blocked or deleted?
• Most browsers are initially configured to
accept cookies
• You can also choose to be notified each time
a new cookie is to be received
• Different websites have their own cookie
policies
deletion