QUALTITATIVE RESEARCH:

At the end of the discussion, the students

should be able to:
1. recognize the different parts of Chapter 1
and its contents; and,
2. develop various sections of Chapter 1.
Chapter 1: The
Problem and Its
Background
Chapter 1: The Problem and Its
Background
Chapter one serves to introduce the subject
or topic of the research to the reader, It gives
the background against which the research
takes place and justifies the research based
upon an identified problem.
Chapter 1: The Problem and Its
Background
I. Intro/Rationale
II. Background of the Study
III. Statement of the Problem and Research
Questions
IV. Significance of the Study
V. Scope and Delimitations
VI. Limitations of the Study
I. Introduction
provide a 3-paragraph introduction
of your research. Establish
definitions of the big words related
to your topic. Include also the
purpose and relevance of your
research project to the entire body of
knowledge.
 Benefits of Online Shopping During Community
Quarantine to Grade 10 & 11 Students of Pateros
Catholic School
In response to the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic, community quarantines are
implemented. People's availability to leave their homes became limited, which
causes problems in buying one's wants and needs. People below 18 and above 65
years old are not allowed to leave their houses unless necessary. Fortunately,
during the preceding years, electronic commerce has been rampant and has been
evolving for more efficient experiences with money. One of the most widely used
forms of electronic commerce is online shopping. It enables users to navigate
through an app or website, where they are served with varieties of choices to
decide what to buy. It allows consumers to directly purchase products or services
from a seller on the internet. Shopping online can be done in the comfort of one's
home, which is why it is beneficial to use, especially for those unable to get out of
their residences.
 Benefits of Online Shopping During Community
Quarantine to Grade 10 & 11 Students of Pateros
Catholic School
In response to the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic, community quarantines are
implemented. People's availability to leave their homes became limited, which
causes problems in buying one's wants and needs. People below 18 and above 65
years old are not allowed to leave their houses unless necessary. Fortunately,
during the preceding years, electronic commerce has been rampant and has been
evolving for more efficient experiences with money. One of the most widely used
forms of electronic commerce is online shopping. It enables users to navigate
through an app or website, where they are served with varieties of choices to
decide what to buy. It allows consumers to directly purchase products or services
from a seller on the internet. Shopping online can be done in the comfort of one's
home, which is why it is beneficial to use, especially for those unable to get out of
their residences.
 Benefits of Online Shopping During Community
Quarantine to Grade 10 & 11 Students of Pateros
Catholic School

The researchers aim to understand the benefits of

online shopping from the perspectives of students
who are unable to shop physically. The purpose of
this study is to identify the advantages and
importance of online shopping to the said
population.
 Benefits of Online Shopping During Community
Quarantine to Grade 10 & 11 Students of Pateros
Catholic School

This research is important as it could make people,

especially parents and guardians, aware of the
students' dependence on online shopping and how
it helps them cope with daily living. This research
will also make people understand why online
shopping became a trend amid the pandemic
II. Background of the Study
You must spend time getting
background knowledge
about the problem that
triggered off your research
topic.
 Background of the Study
The background The background
clarifies the provides a detailed
importance of the understanding of the
study in detail. topic.
Background of the Study includes the ff:
➢ the aim of your research
➢ previous researches conducted that are
related to your topic; their findings as well
as the strengths and loopholes of their
study
➢ reason for choosing your topic
 Understanding the Use of Digital Media as a Coping Mechanism of
Isolation for Grade 11 Students at Pateros Catholic School
This research aims to understand and explore the use of digital
media as a coping mechanism for Grade 11 students from Pateros
Catholic School in their isolation during this pandemic.
The role of digital media is generally the same role in other coping
mechanism strategies: reduce stress, relieve tension, and manage
difficult emotions, which is a big help for isolation in this Covid-19
pandemic. At present, students begin to overthink every scenario
because of the less human interaction they have around them.
Likewise, making isolation a significant impact on their lives.
Understanding this situation can lead to a much happier lifestyle for
students while also giving the effect of a better-off mindset to their
families.
 Understanding the Use of Digital Media as a Coping
Mechanism of Isolation for Grade 11 Students at Pateros
Catholic School
Grover et al. (2020) suggest that it is essential to understand
that the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic extend beyond that
of physical illness. In fact, it has a mental health impact on more
people than those experiencing the physical health impact. The
internet is not always safe for students or anyone. However,
since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, the internet has
become the platform for schools’ learning passage and other
things such as jobs, businesses, and private sectors (Edrada et
al., 2020).
 Understanding the Use of Digital Media as a Coping
Mechanism of Isolation for Grade 11 Students at Pateros
Catholic School
Cyberspace has become the instrument to continue our daily lives while
still following the safety protocols instructed by the government.
Likewise, this leads to prolonged usage of screen time on digital media.
Nagata (2021) found that teens are spending, on average, almost eight
hours in front of a screen every day (paras. 1-4). Spending their hours
awake on the digital media every day plus their school hours can lead to
extensive screen time for students. This can have significant effects on
the students’ well-being and mindset. Spending hours awake on the
digital media every day plus their school hours can lead to pervasive
screen time that can be a factor of coping mechanisms.
 Understanding the Use of Digital Media as a Coping
Mechanism of Isolation for Grade 11 Students at Pateros
Catholic School

Thus, the researchers aim to support struggling students,

especially those linked with their mental health, and to understand how
it correlates to isolation in this pandemic. This study provides full
support to aid the students’ psychological needs since not many
students easily cope with isolation every day. The researchers seek to
discover and understand more about the possible effects and
eventually come to a solution to recommend to students, parents,
teachers, school administrators, future researchers, and more to
understand digital media as a coping mechanism for isolation.
 The background of your study
discusses in depth about the topic,
whereas the introduction only gives
an overview.
 The introduction
contains preliminary The background of your
data about your topic study discusses in depth
that the reader will most about the topic, whereas
likely read, whereas the the introduction only
background clarifies the gives an overview.
importance of the paper.
 III. Research Problem and Questions
Qualitative research usually seeks to answer questions
about:
1. why people behave the way they do;
2. how opinions and attitudes are formed;
3. how people are affected by the events that go around
them; and
4. how and why cultures and practices have developed
in the way they have
Guidelines in formulating your research
questions
1. There should be a CLEAR relation between the
research questions and the title/topic;
2. Base your questions on your RRL;
3. Questions should arouse your curiosity and your
sense of discovery;
4. Avoid questions that are answerable by “yes” or
“no”; instead, use open-ended questions.
Qualitative Research Questions:
1.Usually start with ‘what’ or ‘how’ (avoid beginning qualitative
questions with ‘why’ as this implies cause and effect).
2.Identify the central phenomenon you plan to explore (tell in your
question what you are going to describe, explore, generate, discover,
understand).
3.Avoid the use of quantitative words such as relate, influence, effect,
cause.

With qualitative research, you will usually have one central question
and possibly also some sub-questions to narrow the phenomenon
under study further. The sub-questions will generally be more specific.
 Understanding the Use of Digital Media as a Coping
Mechanism of Isolation for Grade 11 Students at Pateros
Catholic School
This research aims to understand the use of digital media as a coping
mechanism for Grade 11 students from Pateros Catholic School in their
isolation during this pandemic.

This research seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What are the coping mechanisms employed by the students during
their isolation amidst the pandemic?
2. 2. How do the students employ the use of digital media as a method
for coping?
3. 3. What do the students think about the use of digital media as an
effective way of coping with isolation?
IV. Significance of the Study
You should first describe the
importance of your study to the
specific audience that the research
is intended to. Also, you must state
how important your research is to
the future researchers, practitioners
and policymakers.
This study will be beneficial to the following people:

1.Students: The results of this study may encourage students to use

digital media as a tool for stress relieving and managing their
mental health during their isolation. The results of this study can
also give information to the students on whether it is effective or
ineffective to use digital media as a coping mechanism for
isolation.
2.Teachers: The results of this study can be a source of information
for the teachers to relate to their students, such as using digital
media as a source of learning device. It develops more effective
teaching techniques to enhance the students’ ability to learn and
boost their morale to help and cope during this pandemic.
3. Parents: The results of this study can provide information about the
well-being of the students during their isolation, social, or
emotional. Their parents can take further actions to help, cope, and
take care of their mental health during this pandemic.
4. School Administrators: The results of this study may provide the
school administrators information about how students use digital
media in this pandemic to improve the school's quality of education,
such as using digital media as a platform for students to cope.
5. Future Researchers: The results of this study can guide future
researchers on doing their research that involves digital media as a
coping mechanism for students. This can be considered another
source that could be useful and create a more indepth analysis with
the results of this study
 V. Scope and Limitations

Scope refers to the problem or

subject that you plan to study.
However, take note of the
difference between
“delimitation” and “limitation”.
Scope – the “extent” to which the research area will be
explored in the work. This means that it will have to be
narrowed down to a certain section of the target
population.
Delimitation – the “characteristics” that limit the scope and
describe the boundaries of the study, such as: target size;
geographical location; setting in which the study takes place;
population traits; research tools/instruments. This part also
explains why specific choices were made while others were
excluded, and how this might affect the outcome of the
research.
Delimitation: used to address how
the study will be narrowed in scope

Limitation: used to identify potential

weakness of the study
Delimitation: “Initially, the study will confine itself to
interviewing and observing the psychiatric staff nurse
in a private psychiatric hospital.”

Limitation: “The purposive sampling procedure

decreases the generalizability of the findings. This
study will not be generalizable to all areas of nursing.”
 Understanding the Use of Digital Media as a Coping
Mechanism of Isolation for Grade 11 Students at Pateros
Catholic School
The extent of this study focuses on the students’ experiences to understand digital
media as a coping mechanism of isolation in this pandemic. This will target the Grade 11
students of Pateros Catholic School.
This study will target five to eight respondents. The method to gather information from
the respondents is through an online interview by way of the Google Forms Survey
Questionnaire since this study requires beliefs, experiences, and perspectives that can be
safely addressed through a questionnaire in this pandemic. They are the nearest possible
respondents to the researchers, which could lessen the difficulty of conducting the interview
and gathering of data. In choosing the respondents, they should have enough experience in
digital media that have or are experiencing isolation to answer the researchers’ questions
adequately. With these targeted respondents and manner of data collection, it would be easier
to analyze, understand, and discover the study results. Likewise, fewer yet sufficient
respondents close enough to gather information make the research more accessible and faster.
 Understanding the Use of Digital Media as a Coping
Mechanism of Isolation for Grade 11 Students at Pateros
Catholic School
In this study, the findings of this research are only valid in this
specific situation and cannot be applied to other locations or other
research participants. This research only focuses on digital media as a
coping mechanism for Grade 11 students’ experiences, beliefs, and
perspectives. This research is limited to Pateros Catholic School –
Senior High School Students and not the entire school. This research
does not provide survey checklists but only employs open-ended
questions in the Google Forms Survey Questionnaire as the research
instrument.