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Dir
ectandIndir
ectSpeechRul
eswi
thExampl
esf
orCompet
it
iveExams
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Competit
ionisgett
inghar
derdaybydayinever
ycompeti
ti
veexam l
ikeSSC,  
IBPS 
and
otherGovernmentExams.
Oneshouldbehavi
ngcommandonallsect
ionstoscoremore
and ace the exam.There ar
e cer
tai
ntopi
cs whi
ch ar
e common i n al
mostevery
competit
iveexam.

Here,wehavet ri
ed t
o coverDi
rectand I
ndi
rectSpeechthrought
hisbl
og.Wear
e
pr
ovidi
ngr
ules,exampleandexer
ciset
ohelpyouwit
hthist
opic.

Report
edSpeechisal
soknownasDi
rectandIndi
rectSpeechorNar r
ati
on.I
nIndi
rect
Speech,weconveyt
hespeaker
’smessagei
nourownwor ds.Thus,t
hemessagecan
beconveyedi
n2ways.

Dir
ectSpeech
I
ndirectSpeech
Dir
ectspeechi sknownasrepeat
ingt
heexactwor
dsspokenandI
ndi
rectspeechi
s
knownasr eport
ingt
hewor
ds.

Butt hequest
ionoccur
show t
or epor
torhow touseI
ndir
ectspeech?Ther
ear
ecert
ain
rulestomakechangesinasentencefr
om Di
rectt
oIndi
rectspeech.
 Readt
hecompl
ete
blogt oknowmore.

Di
rectandI
ndi
rectSpeechRul
es
 

Below,weareshar i
ngther ul
estomakechangesf rom Dir
ecttoIndi
rectspeech.The
changesofDirectandIndi
rectspeechdependonsomef actor
sli
kemodal s,r
eporti
ng
verb,pl
ace,ti
me,t ense,pronoun et
c.You can checkthe complet
ei nf
ormation of
changesinDi
rectandIndi
rectspeech.

Di
rectSpeech

I
ndi
rectSpeech

Can

Coul
d
May

Mi
ght

Must

Hadt
o/Woul
dhavet
o

Shoul
d

Shoul
d

Mi
ght

Mi
ght

Coul
d

Coul
d

Woul
d

Woul
d

Oughtt
o

Oughtt
o

Di
rectandI
ndi
rectSpeechExer
cisesf
orModal
s:
 

Lookt
otheDi
rectandI
ndi
rectSpeechexampl
eswi
thanswer
susi
ngmodal
s.

Hesaid,“Icancookfood.”
     Hesai
dthathecouldcookf
ood.

Theysai
d,“Wemaygot oCanada.
”
      
Theysai
dthatt
heymightgotoCanada.

Shesai
d,“Imustfi
nisht
heworkonti
me.
”
      
Shesai
dthatshehadt
ofi
nisht
hewor
kont
ime.

Modal
sthatr
emai
nunchangedar
e:Shoul
d,mi
ght
,coul
d,woul
d,oughtt
o.

Kanikasai
d,“Ioughtt
oavoidj
unkfood.
”
     Kani
kasai
dthatsheoughtt
oavoidj
unkf
ood.

 
ChangesasperRepor
ti
ngVer
b
 

Accordi
ng t
ot he repor
ti
ng ver
b,changesar
e made i
nthe di
rectsent
ence ort
he
sent
enceininver
tedcommas.

I
ft her eporti
ngverbisint
hepasttense,thenthedir
ectsent
enceischangedinit
spast
tense.
Thet enseofdir
ectspeechremai
nsunchangedwhent her
eport
ingver
bisinthepresent
orf uturetense.
I
ft hedi r
ectsentencecontai
nstheuniversalt
rut
h,thenitremainsunchangedint he
I
ndi rectSpeech.

Di
rectandI
ndi
rectSpeechExer
cisesf
orRepor
ti
ngVer
b
 

Below,we ar
e pr
ovi
ding Di
rectand I
ndi
rectSpeech exampl
esusi
ng r
epor
ti
ng ver
b
changes.

Navinsai
d,“Hei syoung.
”
     Navinsai
dthathewasyoung.

I
shasays,“Iam pr
ett
y.”
     I
shasayst
hatsheispr
ett
y.

Rohanwill
say,“Iam t
all
.”
     Rohanwil
lsayt
hatheist
all
.

Theysai
d,“Thesunrisesi
ntheeast.
”
      
Theysai
dthatt
hesunrisesi
ntheeast
.

ChangesasperTense
 

I
nthebel
owt
abl
e,wear
eshar
inghowt
ensechangesi
ntoI
ndi
rectspeech.

Di
rectSpeech

I
ndi
rectSpeech

Pr
esentsi
mpl
e

 
(Subj
ect+V1
st+Obj
ect
)

Pastsi
mpl
e
(
Subj
ect+V2+Obj
ect
)

Pr
esentcont
inuous

 
(Subj
ect+i
s/am/
are+V1+i
ng+Obj
ect
)

PastCont
inuous

(
Subj
ect+was/
wer
e+V1+i
ng+Obj
ect
)

Pr
esentper
fect

(
Subj
ect+has/
have+V3+Obj
ect
)

Pastper
fect

(
Subj
ect
+had+V3+Obj
ect
)

Pastsi
mpl
e

(
Subj
ect
+V2+Obj
ect
)

Pastper
fect

(
Subj
ect
+had+V3+Obj
ect
)

PastCont
inuous

(
Subj
ect+was/
wer
e+V1+i
ng+Obj
ect
)

Pastper
fectcont
inuous

(
Subj
ect+hadbeen+V1+i
ng+Obj
ect
)

Fut
uresi
mpl
e

(
Subj
ect
+wi
l
l/shal
l
+V1
+obj
ect
)

Pr
esentCondi
ti
onal

(
Subj
ect
+woul
d+V1
+obj
ect
)

Fut
ureCont
inuous

(
Subj
ect+wi
l
l/shal
l
+be+V1+i
ng+Obj
ect
)

Condi
ti
onal
Cont
inuous

(
Subj
ect+woul
d+be+V1+i
ng+Obj
ect
)

 
Di
rectandI
ndi
rectspeechexer
cisesf
orTense
 

Check t
he Di
rectand I
ndi
rectspeech exampl
es f
ort
ense usi
ng t
he above t
abl
e.
Changeswi
l
lal
waysbemadeaccor
dingt
othegi
vent
abl
eonl
y.

Heenasaid,“Iwal
k.”
     Heenasai
dthatshewal
ked.

Deepaksaid,“Iam havi
ngt
ea.
”
     Deepaksai
dthathewashavi
ngt
ea.

Ayeshasaid,“Honeyhaslef
tforschool.
”
     Ayeshasai
dthatHoneyhadleftforschool
.

Vi
dishasaid,“Ananyatookpast
a.”
     Vi
dishasai
dthatAnanyahadtakenpast
a.

 Theyt
old,“Wewer eli
vi
ngi
nPari
s.”
      
Theytol
dthatt
heyhadbeenli
vingi
nPar
is.

 Rameshsai
d,“Iwil
lgotoSr
iLanka.
”
      
Rameshsai
dthathewouldgotoSr
iLanka.

Aishwar
yaSai
d,“Theywil
lbewat
eri
ngpl
ant
s.”
     Ai
shwar
yasai
dthatt
heywoul
dbewateri
ngpl
ant
s.

Changesi
nPl
aceandTi
me
 

Wor
dsarechangedinanI
ndi
rectSpeechtorepl
acenearnessfrom di
stance.I
nthe
t
abl
e,wear
eshari
ngsomewor
dswhicharechangedi
nIndi
rectspeech.

Di
rectSpeech

I
ndi
rectSpeech

Now

Then

Her
e

Ther
e

Today

Thatday

Tomor
row

Thenextday

Lastweek
Thepr
evi
ousweek

Thi
s

That

Toni
ght

Thatni
ght

Ago

Bef
ore

Thus

So

Hi
ther

Thi
ther

Come

Go

Hence

Thence

Next

Fol
l
owi
ng

ChangesofI
nter
rogat
iveSent
ences
 

Here,we are shar

ing cer
tai
nrul
es ofDi
rectand I
ndi
rectspeech f
ori
nter
rogat
ive
sent
encesconversi
ons.

Ther eport
ingverbsai
d/saidtoi schangedinasked,demanded,order
ed,enquir
edas
perthenatureofthesentence.
Whileasent encestar
tswi t
hr eport
ingver
bt henattheconver
sionti
meif/whetheri
s
usedast hejoi
ningcl
ause.
I
ncaset hesentencestart
sf r
om “Wh” quest i
onwor d,t
hennoext r
aconjunct
ioni
s
used.

Di
rectandI
ndi
rectSpeechExer
cisesf
orI
nter
rogat
iveSent
ences
 

Wear
eappl
yi
ngt
heabover
ulesi
nthegi
venexer
cisebel
ow t
omakechangesi
nDi
rect
andI
ndi
rectspeech.

Ravisai
d,“Whati sHeenadoi
ng?”
     RaviaskedmewhatHeenawasdoi
ng.

Eshasaid,“Will
shecomef orl
unch?”
     Eshaaskedifshewouldcomeforl
unch.

Theboyasked,“Wher edoyoustay?”
     Theboyinqui
redwher
eIstayed

ChangesofPr
onouns
 

Whil
e maki
ng t
he changesfrom Dir
ectand I
ndi
rectspeech,one shoul
d be havi
ng
knowl
edgeofr
ulesofchangesinpr
onouns.

The fi
rstperson i
nreport
ed speech changesaccordi
ng t
othe subj
ectofrepor
ti
ng
speech.
InRepor t
edSpeechchangeoft hesecondper sondependsont
heobj ectofr
epor
ti
ng
speech.
Thethirdper
sonremainsunchanged.

Youcancheckt
het
abl
efort
hechangesi
npr
onoun.

Di
rectSpeech

I
ndi
rectSpeech

He/
she

You

He/
she/
they

We

They

They

They

He

He
She

She

I
t

I
t

Us

Them

Our

Thei
r

Hi
s

Hi
s

Her

Her

I
ts

I
ts

Di
rectandI
ndi
rectSpeechExer
cisesf
orChangesi
nPr
onoun
 

Vi
dyasaid,“Iam agoodgir
l.
”
      
Vidyasai
dthatshewasagoodgi
rl
.

It
oldthem,“Youhavef i
nishedyourwork.
”
     Itol
dthem t
hatt
heyhadf i
nishedt
hei
rwor
k.

Hesaid,“Sheisi
nDelhi
.”
     Hesai
dthatshewasinDel
hi.

So,aspi
rant
sinordernott
oleaveanyquest
ionsf
rom t
hist
opi
c,youmustgot
hroughal
l
t
heinfor
mation,r
ulesandexer
cisegi
veni
nthisbl
og.

I
fyoufind t
he ar
ti
cle usef
ul,mustshar
eitwi
thyourf
ri
endswho ar
epr
epar
ing f
or
compet
it
iveexams.

Wetrytoprovi
deyouwiththebestinfor
mation.So,st
ayconnect
edf
ormor
eupdat
es
r
egar
dingcompeti
ti
veexam pr
eparat
ions.Keeplear
ningfol
ks.

Di
rectandI
ndir
ectSpeech
Report
edSpeech
Dir
ectandIndir
ectSpeechRules
Dir
ectandIndir
ectSpeechExerci
se
Dir
ectandIndir
ectSpeechExamples
Narrat
ion
Dir
ectandIndir
ectSpeechforCompeti
ti
veExams
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e(31
)
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Ji
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areddy
goodbutneedstil
lsomeclar
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yandsomemor
eexampl
esandexer
cises
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