Testing Piaget’s Theory of cognitive development: Instructions
The following activities will be used to compare cognitive abilities of children in two different stages of
cognitive development, Pre-operational stage (2-7 years) and Concrete operational stage (7-12 years).
Introduce yourself to the child- Sample of the type of language to sue:
Grade Prep “WE ARE GOING TO PLAY SOME GAMES”
Grade 5 “WE ARE GOING TO DO SOME ACTIVITIES AND I AM GOING TO ASK YOU SOME QUESTIONS”
Task 1: Testing egocentrism
1. Present the child with a card which has a square drawn on one side and circle drawn on the other
(see Card A below) (You may use pictures of animals or different shapes)
2. Show the child both sides of the card to ensure the child can accurately identify each shape
“LOOK AT THIS CARD. WHAT SHAPE IS THAT? (Turn it around) WHAT SHAPE IS THAT?”
“SEE ON ONE SIDE THERE IS A SQUARE AND ON THE OTHER SIDE THERE IS A CIRCLE”
3. Place the card between you and the child “WHAT DO YOU SEE” “WHAT DO I SEE”
4. Record result
CARD A
Front Back
Task 2: Testing conservation of number
1. Arrange 2 rows of 6 blocks (red and green) “WHICH ROW HAS THE MOST BLOCKS?” “SEE BOTH
ROWS HAVE THE SAME NUMBER OF BLOCKS” (count them out)
2. Spread the bottom row of blocks out so that the bottom row appears longer than the top row (see
below)
3. “DOES ONE ROW HAVE MORE BLOCKS THAN THE OTHER, OR ARE THEY EVEN” (if child says yes)
“POINT TO THE ROW THAT HAS THE MOST BLOCKS”
4. Record result
Task 3: Testing conservation of volume
1. Show the child two identical glasses (A & B) filled with the same amount of water. “DO YOU AGREE
THAT THESE TWO GLASSES CONTAIN THE SAME AMOUNT OF WATER” “YES THEY BOTH HAVE AN
EVEN AMOUNT OF WATER”
2. Poor glass A into a short, wide glass (C) and Poor glass B into a tall, thin glass (D).
3. “DO YOU THINK ONE GLASS HAS MORE WATER THAN THE OTHER OR DO THEY HAVE AN EVEN
AMOUNT” (if child answered one has more) “POINT TO THE GLASS THAT HAS THE MOST WATER”
4. Record result
A B C D
Task 4: Testing conservation of mass
1. Show the child two identical plasticine balls. “DO YOU AGREE THAT BOTH PLASTICINE BALLS HAVE
AN EQUAL AMOUNT OF PLASTICINE” “YES BOTH BALLS HAVE AN EQUAL AMOUNT”
2. Change the shape of one of the plasticine balls into a sausage shape.(see below)
3. “IS THERE THE SAME AMOUNT OF PLASTICINE IN EACH SHAPE” (if child answers no) “POINT TO
WHICH ONE HAS THE MOST AMOUNT OF PLASTICINE”
4. Record results
Task 5: Testing classification
1. Give the child 6 red blocks and 4 green blocks.
2. Get the child to arrange them in two lines sorted by colour.
3. Ask “IS THERE MORE RED BLOCKS OR MORE GREEN BLOCKS”
4. Now ask them “IS THERE MORE RED BLOCKS OR IS THERE MORE BLOCKS”
5. Record results