N GSTRERIScmrOMKRY 18 Example Al—Single stud, tension only, no edge effects Design an embedment using a stud welded to an embedded plate. Given: Conerete edges ce =12in. ho =48in. Concrete material f= 4,000 psi ‘Stud material (A108) f= 51 ksi fe = 65ksi Plate 3x 3.x 3/8 in. thick Fy = 36 ksi Loads No = Skips Where N, is the applied factored external load using load factors from Appendix C of the code. ‘Assumptions: Concrete is cracked + @ factors are based on Condition B in 0.4.5 of the code, (no supplementary reinforcement) th. CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION STEP 1: Determine required steel area and diameter of the stud 44 45, 46. D414 47, D512 Equate the external factored load to the internal design strength and solve for the required steel @N, 2 No Equation =aCODE SECTION | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7 ‘area of the stud Ny = N= Wha oy 2 3. 0.36.1 | Assume embedment will be designed as ductile 4 D5 | inaccordance with D.36.1 (in Step 2). N= 8 =@ Mata 5. D5.1_| Therefore: @ = 0.80 for tension. B01. Aye 65 kips 8 Aree = 0-154in. required 7 Calculate nominal steel strength of selected 8 stud, 8 10. Etfective 1 Anchor diameter area, Aue Use one 1/2 in. diameter stud 12 in 13. Ag = 0.198 in? > 0.154 in? 14 3B 0.110 15, 12 0.196 controls, 16. 05.12 Ny = MAtu (03) 0 Calculate the nominal steel strength, Ns 4.070.196" 65 18 = 12.74 kips 19, 20. 05.12 21 Check that the material tensile and yield 9751=96.9ksi 22. steengihs meet requirements of D.5.1.2, = 128,000 psi ok 23. (See also Endnote 1) 24. STEP 2: Determine required embedment length for the stud to prevent concrete 25, breakout failure in tension 26. 27. D5.2_ | Calculate the required embedment depth forthe 28. 0.3.6.1 | stud to prevent concrete breakout failure, The 29, depth will be selected so thatthe stud will be 30. governed by the strength of the ductile steel 31 lament. This wil produce a ductile embedment | From Step 1 32. and justify the use of the @-factor for stee! used 33. previously N,= 12.74 kips 34 35, The requirements for @ ductile design are given 36. inD36.1. To prevent concrete breakout for | 0.85 * Nerron = Ns 37 tension load, requires that: Neeeg = NyO.85 38. O.85'Ney2 Ny 12.7410.85 39 14.99 kips 40. 41 7 42. 5.2.1 | Concrete breakout strength for a single stud: |Ny = ZEW, V My ID (04) 43 he 4 45 For a single stud away from edge: Ay = 9h? (08) 48, AilPva 47. Modification factors for, 48. 0.5.25 | Edge effects ¥, Ys (0-19) 49. 0.526 | Concrete cracking Ws vs 50. D.5.2.7 | Spliting control factor Yay applies to post’ | Wanye = NIA for studs (0527) 51 installed anchors only 52 53, 0.5.2.2 | k= 24 for castinheaded stud Ny (0-7) 10SECTION | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION t Assume hy < Tt Ta fan 3 a 5 8 Neng = 14.99 kips " i Determine required embedment length 14.99 0° 1.0° 1.0 * 1.52 hy 8. aoa Hessen a 9 i Use 172 in, x 43/4 in, long stud "1 12 Total length of a stud L, before weld, is equal to 75-312 + 375 13 the embecment iength plus the head thickness burn off (0.125 in) 14, plus allowance for burn off. Standard length = 4.69 In. > 4.60 in. OK 15 and head dimensions are given by the 18. manufacturer, Typical values are given in Table 7 6, Appendix A : HA baie 1.52" 4.69" 19. Calculate Nea using hetsowses 18.44 kips 20, 21. STEP 3: Check pullout strength of stud 22. 23, 0.5.3 _| Caloulate the pullout strength ofthe stud in 24, 0.3.6.1 | tension in accordance with 0.5.3. Design 28. tembedment as ductile in accordance with 26 D361 27. 28. 0.5.3.1 | Concrete is ecacked per problem statement. (0-44) 29, 30. 31. 0.5.34 | Calculate pullout strength of anchor. (0-415) 32 33. 34, 35. 0.5.3.5 | W, = 1.0 for cracked concrete. 36 0 37. Calculate the bearing area. From manufacturer 38. data, stud head diameter is 1.0 in. for @ 1/2 in. 7 (1.08- 0.84 39. diameter stud (see also Table 6 in Appendix A). 59 in? 40 41 032° 0.59 42. }8.88 kips 43. 0.3.6.1 | Design embedment as duct, in accordance 44 with 3.6.1 O.85Nyy = 0.85" 18.88 45. 0.85 Ngo 2 Ny = 16.05 kips > N, = 12.74 kips 46. 47. Therefore ductile ok 48, 49, Use 1/2 in, diameter x 4-3/4 in. long 50 stud 51 52 "ene CODE SECTION | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 1. STEP 4: Check concrete side-face blowout 2, 3. D.S4_ | Because this stud is far away from an edge, NIA 4 side-face blowout Ney will not be a factor, and 5, will nt be checked in this example. 6 z. 8, STEPS: Summary 3. 10. Given | Applied load Ny =8 Kips: ri 12, Step 1 | Design steal tensile strength @N,= 0.8" 12.74 = 10.19 kips 13, D4A5.a 14. Step2 | Design concrete breakout strength Neg = 0.75" 15.44 = 11.58 kips 18. D.45.c 46. Step 3. | Design concrete pullout strength Non 20.75" 18.88 = 14.16 kips 17. 045.c 18. Step4 | Design concrete side face-blowout strength | @Na»= N/A 19. Da.Sc 20. 0.4.1.2 | Design strength of stud in tension Ny = min (pNs, New, GNee) 21, min (10.19, 11.58, 14.16) 22. =10.19kips > Nv=8kips OK 23, 24. 0.3.6.1 | Ductiity min (0,85Nep, O.85Neo) Ne 25. min (0.85 * 15.44, 0.85 * 18.88) 26. 27. 2131221274 Kips Ok 28. 28. 30. STEP 6: Check plate thickness 31 32. AISC | Because the load is applied directly over the | Stud welding of 1/2 in. diameter studs is, 33. stud, the only requirement on plate thickness is _| acceptable on 3/8 in. thick plate per 34 that it satisfies the minimum thickness required | 0.6.2.3. 35. for stud welding, 36. 37. Stud material s A108, material properties per AWS D117, 2002, Table 7.7, Type & stud, yield stvenath 38. =51 ksi, tensile strength = 85 ksi. It has elongation of 20% and reduction in area of 50%, meets the 39, definition of a ductile stee! element given in D.1, and meets the tensile strength requirements of 0.5.1.2 40,_and 0.6.1.2: fu 1.9f, (65 < 1,9°51.0 = 96.9 ksi i. Inthe above example, the effective embedment length hy is taken to the face of the concrete. TF ihe 22. plate was larger than the projected surface area, then the embedment length would exclude the 43, thickness of the embedded plate. 12SSSISGRBNIScovonsens heise ane ee RENN: RBERBS: Example A2—Single stud, shear only Design an embedment using a stud welded to an embedded plate. Given: Concrete ‘Stud material (A108) Plate Loads Where Vis the applied factored external load using load factors from Appendix C of the cade. ‘Assumptions Edge c= 10in & 1Bin ho =48in. f= 4000 psi f = Stkel f= OS ksi ‘Assume 3 x3 x 3/8 in, thick Fy 236 ksi VW = Skips Concrete is cracked (p-factors are based on Condition B in 0.4.5 of the code {no supplementary reinforcement) CODE section [DESIGNPROCEDURE | CALCULATION 48,_ STEP 1: Determine required steel area of the stud 45 47. 0.4.1. | Equate the external factored load to the internal Equetion No 48 design svength and solve forthe required steel | @V, = Vy i 49. 0.6.1.2 | area af the stud Va) =Ve= OA (0-18) 50 51. 0.36.1 | Assume embadment willbe designed as duct | Arens =Vul@nta) 52___| inaccordance with D 3.6.1 (n Step 2) 13CODE E 0 SECTION | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION : 7, DS | Therefore: @ = 0.75 for shear loads 075 2 3. p61 | Design required area of stud using the stes! | Arrog = 810.75",1*65) 4 strength provision. = 0.123 in? required 5 8 Etective Use one 1/2 in, diameter stud 7 Anchor di Are, Av 8. erty Aye =0.196 in? > 0.123 in? OK 8 (0-18) 70. ae 3.110 " 42 0.196 contro's 72 13. 06.12 9751 = 96.9ksi 14 Calculate nominal shear capacity of the selected ok 15 stud 16 7 Material properties are given. See Endnote 1. 18 Check that D.6.1.2[s met. (See also Table 6, 19, ____| Appendix A for edaltional stud properties). 20. STEP 2: Determine required edge distance to prevent concrete breakout failure in 21. shear 21. 2 Ensure that the embedment design is controled 2 by the strenath ofthe embedment steal. The 24 requirement for ductile design is given in 25. 0.3.6.1. For shear load this requires that 26 27. D364 0.85Vey2 Acca O.85V a 2 Aula 28 min Veg = Aasa/0.85 2, 0195 "65 10.85 30 1499 Kips at 32. | A 38. D.6.2:1 | Calculate concrete breakout strength Vis in| Vis = Vet (0-20) 34 shear fr a single stu. Av 3 Ao = (0-22) 38, Calculate projected area for a single stud ‘ 37. See figure above for ilustration of Avo AiKo 38 Because edges are far enough away, A, and 80, Aare equal. 40 For castin headed studs, orheaded bolts, that | y, — gqva,ye* fay (Fe!* 41, D623 Vy, =80ld)? {a {Rel bb 0-24) 2 Settee atackaer kanege | TMU EE O29 a | minimum thickness equa! to the greater of 318 44 in. or half of the anchor diameter, the basic 1s 8dy Definition in D.0 e onerete breakout strength Vy is determined | assume / = 25 in 46 reac: {ildg)= 2.515 =5.0 47 48 ‘s See definition in 0.0 for limits on / 3*5:02*05** 40003* 6"? 50. 494c)'9 Ib 54 = 0.496 6,’ Kips _ 14CODE : SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 1 2 3 | Modification factors for shear for: 4. D626 | Edge effects yo § 2827 | Cracked concrete wr c Concrete is cracked per problem statement. No | Vervos= 14.99 kips ts 8 additional supplementary steel is provided. 07 1.0* 1.0 * 0.494 ¢;' 9. = 494" cy'* kips: 10 "1 12. C1y0q = 9.73 in. (required) i ‘< 10.0 in, (provided) OK Calculate Voy using = 10 in. provided ie aa ceca ‘Strength controlled by steel 1 17. Vay = 0.494 * 10'8 = 15.62 8 > 12.74 kips 19, 20. STEP 3: Determine the required embedment length for the stud to prevent concrete 21. _pryout failure 2 23, D.6.3 | Determine the required effective embecment | V, = 12.74 kips (o-8) 24 length to prevent pryout See Step 1 25, (Note: Same value as for tension N,) 26. 0.36.1 | Ductlty requirements of 0.3.6.1 shall be 21 satisfied 28, 29, 0.85 Veg? Ve 0.85" Vep2 Ve= 12.74 30 2.74/0.85, 31 4.98 kips 32, 33. 0.63 | Design required embedment depth, from the (0-28) 34 concrete pryout strength requirement. Assume 36. he? 2.5 in. Therefore, Keg = 2.0. 36 4,9972.0 37 No is the required concrete breakout strength 50 kips - required 38 intension, Calculate the required embedment 39 depth ofthe anchor to prevent breakout. The 40 approach is identical to that for tension used in 44 Example 1. fi | 42, 052 Ny = Ae eN, 0-4) 43, Aus 44. AWAno = 1.0 45. 46 Because this isa single stud away from edges, a7 modification factors are all 1 4B 49. 0.5.22 | Basie concrote breakout strength fora single o 50. anchor in tension: ef ny = Aeon 7 51 24 for cast-in headed studs 2a OOO? 52 Assume ha < 1110, 15CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION ‘See Appendix A, Table 6, for stud head dimensions. Note that 0.312 in. is head thickness and 0.125 in. is bur off. Caleulate Veg using hey = 3.08 in. = 1.52hy) kips. }7.50 = 1.0 1.071.0*(1.52)h)? aing =2.90in. required Use 4/2 in. x 3-1/2 in, long stud hes provided: hes =3.50-0.312-0.125 = 3.06 in, > 2.90 OK eaNes 2.0" 1.52" 3.05"* = 16.27 > 12.74 kips oK STEP 4 Check pullout strength of stud to check head of the stud 053 Ds34 Ds35 36.1 Checking of stud head is required to develop the concrete breakout strength Nes used to ‘check conerete pryout. Procedure is the same as that used in Example the anchor in tension in accordance with 0.5.3. | Concrete is cracked per problem statement. Therefore, ¥, = 1.0. Bearing areais based on manufacturer data, (See Table 6 in Appendix Ay Design embedment as ductile, in accordance with D.3.6.1: 0.85 Noa 2 Ny NN, for this problem is calculated in the pryout section shown in Step 3. Al. Calculate the nominal pullout strength Nj, of Non = "AN (0-14) No = Ante (0-15) B74" Aug 32.Bng Rip 1732" 0,589 = 18.8 kips O.85Nyq= 0.85°18.8 = 16 kips > N, ‘Therefore ductile Use 1/2 in. diameter x 3 1/2 in. long ‘stud Specified 1/2 in. diameter anchor head dimension OK 32. STEP 5: Summary of design strength 16| CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATIO! 7 2, Given | Applied load Vy =8kips 3 4 Step | Design stee! shear strength OV, =0.75*12.74= 9.58 hips 5 DASA 0K | 8. Siep2 | Design concrete breakout strength | 7 DASc Ve = 0.78" 15.62" 11.72 kips 8. Siep3_| Design concrete pryout strength 0K 9. DASc 10 Veg = 0.75" 16.27 = 12.20 ips 11, D.4.1.2 | Design strength of stud in shear 12 13 Vp = min (GV, Ven, Ve) | 14 in (9.56, 11.72, 12.20) } 45, 0.3.6.1 | Ductity 56 > 6 kips. 16. oK 17. 18 mmin (0.85V ep, 0.85Vep}2 Vz oe min (0.85 * 15.62, 0.85 * 18.8) 21 = 13.28> 12.74 kip 22, OK 23. 2A 25. STEP 6; Check plate thickness 26. T 27. AISC_| Select plate thickness equal to or greaterthan | max (38 n,,0.5/26.25 in) 28. 0.6.23 | 3/Bin. orhalfthe anchor diameter 318 in 23 30 Tests have also shown that plate rupture is | min > 0.5/2.7 = .19in. < 3/8. 31 prevented when dit < 2.7, 32 38 in. thick plate is OK 33 534, "Stud material & AIOG, material properties per AWS DI.I, 2002, Table 7.1, Type B stud, yield sirongth = 31 ksi 35, tensile strength = 65 ksi. I has elongation of 20% and rection in area of 50%, meets definition ofa dette 36, steel element given in D-, and meas the tensile strength requirements of D.1.2 and D.6.1.2: fa $ 1.9 (63 37,19 *51 =969 < 125 ksi). 38.” Goble, G. G., 1968, "Shear Sirngih of Thin Fangs Compost Seatons, "AISC Engineering Jowmal, Ape. _| 7Example A3—Single stud, combined tension and shear Design an embedment using a stud welded to an embedded plate, gre? ASTESNAS0e1HOM a ONA= 18 Giver: Edge c= 12in c= 20in ho =48in Conerete f= 4000 psi ‘Stud material (A108) 5 =STksi he =65ksi Plate 3x3x 9/8in. thick F, = 36ksi Loads Ne =8kips Ve =Bkips ‘Where N, and V, are the applied factored external loads using load factors from Appendix C of the code. Assumptions: + Concrete is cracked ‘* g-factors are based on Condition B in D.4.5 of the code (no supplementary reinforcement) SEgnOu p28 Crnsou ovCODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 1, STEP 1: Determine required steel area of the stud 2 3. 0.4.1.1 | Equate the extemal factored load to the 4 internal design strength and solve for the Equation 5 required steel area of the stud 6 No. 7. D5. | Use the tension provisions of 0.5.1 to 8. D5:.2 | determine the required steel area for 9 tension load gh, 2N, (on 10, Ne’ NS = Ante (03) "1 ‘Aves required stee! area for tension load 12 13, D.3.6.1 | Assume embedment wil be designed as | Ae: =No! (Qnty) 14, ductile in accordance with 0.36.1 {in Step 2) = (8/0.80" 1.0" 65) 3504.5 _ | Therefore, ~~ 0.80 for tension and 0.75 for 16.0.5.1.2/0.6 | shear. Steel material is ductile (See Endnote | Ay, = 0.154in.7 7.42 ». 18 19 20 Use the shear provisions of D.6.1 10 21, 0.6.1 _ | determine the required steel area for shear Wns 02) = Pa Va =Ve = MBsovha (o-r7) 23. yor fequited steel area for shear 24 - 25, {Add the area of steel required fortension to |e 2 Sel@hl) | 55) 26, the area of steel required for shear. eo aee 21, 28. Total required area 29, v.73 | Amen (Arent Asay 12 x This sssumes interaction betvoen tension | sees a and shear, which will be checked in Step 8 on? 33 4 efocive Es Anchordiameter __area, Asin 7 2 0186 ee 58 0307 controls 39, ‘o Caldas nominates! sverath Ne Use one 58. diameter stud 42. Ase = 0.307 in.? > 0.231 in? 43. oK 48 45, een Ne= NAc: 7 Calculate nominal stee strength Vs = Male soy «65 a7 48 49 50 51 = 19,96 kips 52 53 19CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION STEP 2: Determine required embedment length of the stud to prevent concrete Ds2 D521 17. 036.4 24. D521 30. 0525 31. D526 32. D527 34. D522 3 4. 5._ breakout failure in tension 6. ia 8 Calculate the required embedment depth for the stud to prevent concrete breakout failure. ‘The depth will be selected so that the stud will be governed by the strength of the ductile steel element. This will produce a ductile ‘embedment and justify the use of the @-factor used above. The steel capacity is based on the selected stud diameter. ‘The requirements for a ductile design are given in 0.3.6.1. For tension toad, this requires that O.85°Nas = Ns Calculate concrete breakout strength for a single anchor Fora single stud away from edge: Modification factors for: Edge effects W, Concrete cracking Ys Weg.n applies to post installed anchors only k= 24 for cast-in-place stud. Assume hay < 11 in. Required embedment length hjog In this example, the total length of the stud L is equal to the embedment length plus the head thickness plus allowance for weld burn off. Head dimensions are given by the manufacturer. Typical values are given in Table 6 in Appendix 1 Calculate Ney using hetronted From Step 1 Nz = 19.96 kips (D3) 0.85" Nowa? Nessea = NeO.85 = 19,960.85 = 23.48 kips A Fa %yqfy (4) Ave Ne = fs pny I (0-7) = 24 TOO? = 1.52413 kips 28.48 = 1.0" 1.0" 1.0° 1.529 hasea = 6.20 i required Use 5/8 in. x 6-3/4 in. long stud 78-312 - 187 +.375 in, = 6,63in.> 6.20in Prove OK G)2 12> 15 *hy=15"663=994 in edge distance has no effect. 20CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION Nes = 1.52" 6.63" = 25.95 kips. 8. STEP3: Check pullout strength of stud ¢ ‘Slud head is required to develop the concrete 10. breakout strength No 1 42. 05,3. | Procedure is similar to that used in Example | Nox = Np % ‘At Calculate the nominal pullout strength Nex (0-14) 1a of he st in tenslon in accordance with 15. 0.5.3.4 053. Ne 8 i Conerete is cracked per problem statement. Therefore, ¥z= 1.0. Bearing area is based jo. 535 | Srnutooue dei, (append Ac abe) 21. Aog= 0.92 in? Table 6 22 = 1.0" 32" 0.92 23. 29.44 kips a Design embedment as ductile in 25, p36. accordance with 0.3.6.1: 26. 27. 0.85 Nyn® Ne 28 i, for this problem is ce in Stey O.85Nmn = 0.85 * 29.44 2, efor this problem is calculated in Step 1 ScepaMeeN cia iis Bt Thortoe deta 3 sin. dieters 64 org oud 35. OK 36. STEP 4: Check concrete side-face blowout a7 38 0.5.4 | Because this stud is relatively far away from ; 39, ROS. | anedge, skdeface blowout wil nat be 9 60¢ fad h (046) 40. factor, According tothe commentary, side- =12in 41, face blowout is not a concem if c > 0.4he. Aigg = 0.92 in? Table 6 2 i= 4000 psi 43. In this example: 4 hy 6.83 in Ne =160" 1270.92» 4000" 45. O.4he = 0.4 * 6.63 = 2.6 in, = 116.5 kips 46. 5 12 in. > 2.6 in. 47 Because ¢> 04h, side-face blowout 48, aleualon isnot required. The calculation | 0.85 N= 99.0 kips > N= 12.98 kips OK 49 wl be done to llustate the method. See also 50. Table in Appendix A 5i8 in. diameter x 6-34 in. long stud 51 ok 21‘CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 1, STEP 5: Determine required edge distance to prevent concrete breakout failure in shear 36.1 10. 12 13. 06.21 14, 16. 17. 8 13 20. 21. D623 22 23, 24, 25, 26 27 28, 29, 30. 3 32. D626 33. D827 36. 36. 37. 38, 38, 40. 41. Stop 1 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, Ensure that the embedment design is, Controlled by the strength of the embedment steel, The requirement for ductile design is given in D.3.6.1. For shear load this requires that: O.85Ven 2 Aaah Calculate concrate breakout strength Vey in shear for a single stud. Calculate projected area for a single stud. ‘See figure above for illustration of Avg Because edges are far enough away, A, and Aare equal For cast-in headed studs or headed bolts that are welded to steel attachments having a ‘minimum thickness equal to the greater of 3/8 in, or half of the anchor diameter, the basic concrete breakout strength Vj is determined using 0.6.2.3, ‘See definition in D.0 for limits on C. ‘Modification factors for shear for: Exige effects, we Cracked concrete, Concrete is cracked per problem statement. No additional supplementary stee! is supplied. Steel strength in shear Vs Calculate Vey using ¢) = 12 in. provided 0.85Vey = Asta Vener = Aki. 85 0.307 * 65 0.85 (0-20) (022) H=B da)" Vdelhes pay Udy =6.63/0.625 = 10.61 >8.0 Use Ud = 8.0 Do Vp = 8" 8°? + 0.625% * 400085 * o;'* o' Ibs 1.606 c"* kips 23.48 = 1,0* 1.0* 1,0" 0.606 criea!® Cig = TAB in. < 12.010 ok Strength controlled by stee! V.= 19.96 kips = 0.606 ¢,' 606 (12)"5 5.19 kips Ve 22CODE SECTION | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 1. STEP 6: Check concrete pryout failure 2 3 063 Pryout strength of the stud is checked using 4 D.6.3. For an anchor or stud designed for 5. tension, this will not govern. The calculations 6 are for ilustration of the method. i 8. 0.3.6.1 _ | Duetlity requirements of 0.3.6.1 shall be 8 satisfied 40. 0.85 Vep2 Vs 11 2 13, (0-28) 14, Kop 15 Nes = 25.95 kips 16 06.3 | Nis calculated in Step 2 47. Vey =2° 25.95 18. 51.9 kips >> 23.5 kips, oK 19. 20. 5/8 in, diameter x 6-2/4 in. long stud 21 is OK 22 23. STEP 7: Summary 24 25. D412 | TENSION 26. 27. Applied load Ny = 8kips 28. 29. Step1 | Steel strength @N,= 0.80" 19.96 = 15.97 kips 30. D452 31. Step2 | Concrete breakout strength Ney = 0.75 * 25.95 = 19.46 kips 32, D456 33. Step3 | Concrete pullout strength 787 29.44 = 22.08 kips 34. D4Sc 35. Step4 | Concrete side face-blowout strength ‘gNap = 0.75 * 116.5 = 87.40 kips 36. 0.4.5.0 37, 0.4.1.2 | Design strength of stud, tension min (Ns, Nes Nex, PNax ) 38. min (15.97, 19.45, 22.08, 87.40) 39. = 15.97 kips = Ny= Skins | OK 40. SHEAR 41 42. Applied load Vy = 6 hips: 43. 44. Step1 | Stee! strength @V,= 0.75" 19.96 = 14.97 kips 45. DAS 46. Step2 | Concrete breakout strength @Ven = 0.75 * 25.19 = 18.89 kips 47. DABS 48. Step 3 | Concrete pryout strength Ve #075" 51.9 = 38.9 kips 49. D45c 50. 0.4.1.2 | Design strength of stud, shear QVq = min (PVs Vey PV) 51 min (14.97, 18.89, 38.9) 52 = 14,97 kips>V,=6kips_ __OK 23CODE 7 eaeea ql SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION i 2. 03.6.1 Ductility, min (0.85Nc, 0.85Non, 0.85 Neb) 2 Ns 3 tensian min (0.85 "25.05, 0185 18.88, 0.85" 4 1165) 5. min (22.06, 16.05, 99.03) 8 72.06 > = 19.80 Kips 0K 7 Shear a min (0.85Ve, 0.85Vcq) > Ve 8 mmin(0.85°28.19, 0.85°51.9) 40. min (21.41, 44.12) " 221.81>V,= 19.96 kips ox iz 13,__ STEP 8 Check interaction of tension and shear forees 14. 15. ul sttength in tension shall not be permit > 17, DIA ss es 18. NaN, > 0.2 NUON, 3.0/15.97 19 Fullsttengt in shear shal not be permed = 050202 20. D7.2 21 Ne Me 950040090 (0-3) 4 a, 23. D73 0.90<1.2 OK 24, 25. 26. 27. 28,__ STEP 9: Caleulate minimum plate thickness 78, 30. 0.6.23 | select pate tickness equal to or greater than | t imax (38 in, 0.572=25 in) 31 3/8 in. or haf the anchor diameter Sein 32 33 Tests have also shown that pate rupture is | tag > 0572.7 = 0.19. < 38, 34 prevented when dete 2.7 38. 2/8 In. thik plate is OK 36. 37, * Stud material is A108, material properties per AWS DI-I, 2000, Table 7.1, Type B stud, yield swengih = 51 ksi, 38. tensile strength = 65 ksi. It has clongation of 20% and reduction in area of 50%, meets the definition of a ductile 39, steel element given in D.1, and meets the tensile strength requirements of D.5..2 and D.6.1.2: fa S 1.9f, (655 1.9 40. * 51.0 96.9 ks). 41, * Goble, G. G., 1968, “Shear Suengih of Thin Flange Composite Sections,” AISC Engineering Journal, Apr 24Example A4 - Single bolt, combined tension and shear Design an embedment using a high-strength bolt, F1554 Gr. 105 (AB105"). Given: Where N, and V. are the applied factored external loads using load factors from Appendix C of the code. ‘Assumptions: Concrete is cracked ‘© g-faciors are based on Condition 8 in D.4.§ of the code (no supplementary reinforcement) CODE zi : ‘ SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 32, STEP 1: Determine required steel area of the bolt 3 34 Equate the external factored load to the Equation 35 intemal design strength and solve for the ‘No. 36. D414 required steel area of the bolt. 37 38. 0.5.12 | Use the tension provisions of D..1 to (0-1) 39, determine the required steel area for tension (03) 40. load. 41 m1 = Fequired steel rea for tension load 42 43. 0.3.6.1 Assume embedment will be designed es Aces = 400.8" 1 * 125) = 0.40 in? 44. 0.45.2 _| duetiein accordance with 0.36.1 (in Stop 2). 45, Therefore, 9 = 0.80 for tension and 0.75 for 48. shear. 47 ‘Assume bolts far away from an edge 43 (02) 48. 0.6.1 | Use the shear provisions of D.6.1 to (0-18) 50. D.45.a | determine the required steel area for shear 51. D612 | load 011.0 "0.8 * 0.75 125) 52 Avev= fequired steel area for shear lozd 36 in? 53 25CODE SECTION _ | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7 ‘Rad the area of steal required for tension to 2 the area of steel required for shear. 3 4. 073 Total required area, Aw = (Aros + Asay VIZ (0.40 + 0.36/1.2 = 0.64 in? 5. 6 ‘This assumes interaction between tension a ‘and shear, which will be checked in Step 8. 8 9 Effective 10, ‘Anchordiemeter___area, Arein® | Use one 1-1/8 in. diameter headed 1 1.0 0.606 bolt 12 1.125 0.763, controls 13, OK 14, 15. Calculate nominal stee! strength N.in tension. 16. Aces 7. 0.98 * 125 18. 5.0 kips 19. Calculate nominal steel strength V, in shear. 20. 21 0.6 Acta 22. "0.6" 0.76" 125 23. 7.0 kips 24. 25, STEP 2: Determine required embedment length for the bolt to prevent concrete 26. breakout failure in tension 27. 28. D5.2 | Calculate the required embedment depth for | From Step 1 23, the bolt to prevent concrete breakout failure. 30. ‘The depth will be selected so that the anchor | N, = 95.0 kips 31 will be governed by the strength of the ductile 32 steel elamont. This will produce a ductile 33. embedment and justify the use of the @-factor 34. used above. The steel capacity is based on 35. the selected anchor diameter. Use N, to 36. determine required ha, 37. 38, D.3.6.1 | The requirements for a ductile design are 29, given in 0.3.6.1. For tension load, this 40. requires that 41 42. 0.85 * Nay 2 Ny (0.85 * Nax® Ne 43, 44 Nessee = NyO.85 45, 95.01.85, 46. = 111.8 kips 47, 43, Away : 49. 0.5.2.1 | Caleulate concrete breakout strength fora | No =a Bary Cl 50. single bolt oe 51 52 53. For e single bolt away from edge: Alu = 1.0 26Srcrion | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7 2 Modification factors for 3. 0528 | Edgeetfects Y 210 4 0526 | Concrete cracking Ys on =10 5. D527 | Wow applies to postinstalled anchors only | Wis. = NIA for bolts 6 7. Basic concrote breakout strength: Ne = nus (07) 8 k= 24 for castin-place anchors see 9 24 f(HO00)H? 10 = 1g2htt i" = 1.52/13 kips. 72 13 Determine the required effective embedment Aes 0-4) 14 depth heiea cae of 18. 1s 16 Determine bolt leneth L TB = 1,071.0" 1.07 152K, 7. Pang = 17-57in. 38 19 L__ = 1757 + 0.75 (thickness. of 20 head) a = 1832. 22. 2. Use 18.5 in. 28 25. Use 4-118 in. diameter, F1554 Gr105 26, bolt embedded 18.5 in. into the 27, concrete. 28 20, hatpontes 85-75 30. Calculate Ne using hay provided 47.75 in, > 17.57 in. 31 Note: For 11 in, shay 25 in, the besic oK 32 conerete breakout strength Ny can 33 alternatively be calculated using £q.(D-8) | Ne = 1.527 17.75"S = 113.7 kips 34 that yields largor loads. This was neglected 35, in this exempee. 36, 37, STEP 3: Check pullout strength of bolt 38, 39. 0.5.3 | Procedure is the same as that used in 40. Example Ai. Calculate the pullout strength of | Ny = WaNy 41 the bolt in tension in accordance with D..3 (0-14) 42 48 Calculate pullout strength 44 45. 48. 47, 5.3.5 | Concrete is cracked per problem statement. 48, = 1.0 49. 50. ASTM F 1554 recommends a heavy hex 51 head and washer. 52 53 Appendix A, Table 4(0), Aus = 1.85 in arCODE Section _ | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7 2 For this combination of steel strength and | Nye = 1.0" 32 * 1.85 = 59.2 kips 3. Conerate strength, the anchor head alone is -< Ns, 95 kips 4. rot sufficient to develop the required bearing 5 strength 6. 7. Find required net bearing area, 8 Design embedment as ductile in accordance 8. with D.3.6.4 10. 0.3.6.1 85Ng Ns n 12 = 95 kips (Nftom Step 1) 13. Nonsoq = 9510.85 14 Find the total area of bearing surface. 11.8 kips 16. 6 1118 =32Ayg 7 See Appendix A, Table 4 foranchorhead — | Augig = 111.8/32 = 2.49 in? 8. areas. 18. As 89 in? anchor area 20. Aastney = 349+ 0.99 21 Design a washer to meet the required bearing = 4.48 in? 22 area, From Table 5 we can see that the SAE 23 washers will not work, and U.S. standard | For 1-1/8 in. bol, hex head area is: 24 washers seem too thin. A 85 in? 25. Try a square plate. Bn 48 -2.85 = 1.63 in’ 26. 27 Use a square plate 2-1/4 in, each side. 28. 29. Ayaner = 2.28 30. 5.06 in.?> 4.48 in? FI oK 32. Caloulate Nyx using Aa, provided Arasrodtes 05 -0.99 33. = 407 in? > 3.49 in? 34. D.3.6.1. | Check ductility, 0.85Ny,2 Ny OK 35. Now 1.0 * 32° 407 36. 130.24 kips 37. According to D.5.2.8, when adding a washer 38. atthe head of an anchor, itis permitted to | O.85N,. = 0.857 130.24 39. calculate the projected area of the failure 110.7 kips > Ns, 95 kips 40. surface by projecting the failure surface 4 ‘outward 1.Shy from the effective perimeter of | Use 1-1/8 in, diameter AB 105 bol, a2 the washer. Therefore, the conerete breakout | embedded 18.5 in., with 2 square 43 strength can be revised. washor 2-114 in. sides and 3/8 in. thick. 44 45. 46. STEP 4: Check concrete side-face blowout 47. 48. D.5.4 | Because this anchor is far away form an 49, edge, side-face blowout will not be a factor, 50. ‘and wil not be checked in this example. SI 28CODE section _ | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION J. STEPS: Determine required edge distance to prevent concrete breakout failure in 2.__shear 3 4 0.6.1.2 | Compute nominal steel strength in shear 0.6 5 (0° 0.6 "0.78" 125 6. 257 kips 7 8. D.36.1 | Ensure that the embedment design is 8. controlled by the strength of the embedment 10 steel, The requirement for ductile design is 4 given in D.3.6.1. For shear load, this requires 12 that: 13 0.85Ver 2 Acs 0.85Ve 2 Ve 14, Vesa = V0.85 18, 16. 17, 18. 0.6.2.1 | Catculate concrete breakout strength Vein (0-20) 18. shear for a single anchor. 20. a1 Calculate projected area for a single anchor. (0-22) 2. See figures for llustration of Aa. Because 23. ‘edges are far enough aviay, Ay and Ay are 26 equal 25. y= 1ltdy)" 8 23 FA Thebasiccorceta beskoutsvongtn vais |= MMI Aa Ifel* (O20 27. determined using D.6.2.2. 28. Ud = 17,75/01.125 = 15.78> 8.0 er See definition in D.0 for limits on €. Use Udo = 8.0 Do at Ve, = 778°? 1,128°%+ 40008 + 32 Mes 33 =7H0'5, 4 = O71 6)" kips 35. 36. 1.6.2.6 | Moditication factors for shear for: 37. D627 | Edge effects, We ve = 10 38. Gracked conerete, yr v= 10 39, Gonerete is cracked per problem statement ‘e a No additional supplementary steel is supplied. | 67.06 = 1.07 1.07 1.0° 0.711 Cyeq! 42. Coq = 20.72 in. < 26 in ox | 43 44. Strength controlled by steel 45. os Calculate Vey using ¢) = 24 in. provided Veo= 0.711 c)'* 47. : 0.711 (24)"* 48, = 83.60 kips 49. 50. 51 52 52, 29CODE SECTION _ | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 1. STEP 6: Check concrete pryout failure 2. 3 D3 For a bolt designed for tension, as in Step 2, (0-28) 4 concrete pryout failure will nat govern, and 5 hence, this step is not required. 6 Vep is calculated for illustration. Na = 113.7 kips 7 Nays calculated in Step 2. 8 Vey = 2113.7 9 = 227.4 kips >> 95 kips 10. di. STEP 7: Summary 72 13. D412 | TENSION 14, 15, Applied load Ny = 40 kips 16. 17. Step | Steel strength @N, = 0.80 * 95.0 = 76.0 kips 18 D452 Step 2/0.4.5.¢ | Concrete breakout strength Ney = 0,75 * 113.7 = 85.3 kips 20. Step 2/0.4.5.¢ | Concrete pullout strength GNyq 20.75 * 130.24 = 97.88 ips. 22. Step 41D.4.5.¢ | Concrete side face-blowout strength NIA 23, 24. Design strength of stud, tension GNq = min (Ne Ne 2. min (76.0, 85. 28. =76.0kips>Ny=40kips OK 27. 041.2 | SHEAR 28. 23. Applied load Wy = 20kips: 30. Step 0.4.5.2 | Steel strength OV, = 0.75 "87.0 = 42.75 kips 32. Step 2/D.4.5.c | Concrete breakout strength Vey = 0.75 * 83.60 = 62.70 kips 34, Step 9/D.4.5.c | Concrete pryout strength Vey =0.75* 227.4 = 170.55 kips 36, 37 Design strength of stud, shear Va = min (@Vs. Gen Ves), 28 ‘min (42.75, 62.70, 170.55) 35, i OK 40. 0.3.6.1 | Ductiity 41. iin (0.85Ney, 0.85Nyp, 0.85 Nzs) > Ny 42 Tension min (0.85 * 113.7, 0.85 * 130.24, N/A) 43, ‘min (96.65, 110.70) 44 =96.65>N,=95.0kips OK 45, 46. min (0.85Vey, 0.85V5) > Vs 47. Shear min (0.85 * 83.60, 0.85 * 227.4) 48. min (71.06, 193.29) 49, ok 50. 30CODE a SECTION _ | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 1, STEP 8: Check interaction of tension and shear forces 2 3 D7 Wg, > 0.2 VuQVe = 2042.75 4 D7. Fl strength in tension shall not be permitted =0.47>0.2 5. (030) 8 7 Nl GNa > 0.2 8. 0.7.2 _| Fullstrongthin shear shall not be permited 8 NJ@N, = 40/76.0 10 053>0.2 11 2 13 4 Mey Me 1.2 1s nN, WY, (0-30) 16 "7 18 19. 0.53+0.47= 1.00 1.2 20 oK a 22. STEP 9: Calculate minimum plate thickness 23. 28. AISC | Select plate thickness using the appropriate 25, steel code. This step Is not included inthis 26. example, 27 28, 1 ASTM F 1554.00 specilication, Grade 105, Class 1A, bolt matenal willbe used. Bolt identification s 29, (ABIO5) witha tensile strength in the range of 125 to 1S0 ksi, and minimum yield strength of 105 ksi for 1/4 10 30, 3 in. diameters. Reductions in area requirements vary. For anchor diameters < 2 in., elongation in 2 in is 13%, 31. and reduction in area is 45% and meets the definition of a ductile steel element given in D.1. Also, max fy [4 32. f. According to D.6.1.2, fy, shall be-< 1.9 f oF 125,000 psi, See also Table | for other materials 31RBNIScoraaaoNn 15 Example B1(a)—Four-stud embedded plate, tension only, wide spacing Design an embedment wih four welded studs and an embedded plate for a 3.x 3 x 3/16 in. A501 structural tube ‘atlachment where anchors are spaced her apart. Given: ‘Conerete edges c=) = c= 18in. A ho =18in, Concrete material f= 4,000 psi Stud material (A29/A108)' f= St ksi fa = 65 ksi Plate Fy = 26 ksi Load Ny = 28 kips Where N, is the applied factored external load using load factors from Appendix C of the code. The wide spacing indicates that each of the four anchors develops. full tensile capacity. Assumptions: Concrete is cracked + g-factors are based on Condition B in D.4.5 of the code (no supplementary reinforcement) + Ductile embedment design in accordance with D.3.6.1, CODE section |PESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 35. STEP 1: Determine the required stud diameter 36. ‘Equation 37. No. 38-D.4.1.1 | Equate intemal design strength (gNs) tothe, Ne? Nu (1) 39. external factored load (Nu) 40. In a ductile design, the internal strength (Na) is | Na=Ne= AAs 41 controlled by the steel strength of the stud (Ns) 42 43 “The required steel strength ofthe stud (Nyseq) iS | 0.80* Nejeq = 28 44. 0.45 | multiplied by 9 = 0.80 fortension because the | New = 26/0.8 45. | embedment and the steel stu is ductile and the = 35.0 kips | 46. load factors are based on Appendix C of the code. 47. Naweq = Ase fa (0-3) 48. Solve for the required steel area fora single stud | 35.0 = 4" Ajeng 65 49. D5. | crm) Arouse = 35.0/(4 65) 50. 0.13 in? required 31 Effective | 52. ‘Anchor diameter areaA.in? | Use 1/2.in, diameter studs 53. | Ag = 0.196> 0.13 in? OK 32CODE SECTION | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7 38 0.170 2 42 0.196 controls 3 4, DSA 03) 5 Determine the nominal tensile strength Nz 8 of 4-1/2 in, diameter studs. Z 8. STEP 2: Determine the minimum embedment length and spacing for the studs to prevent 9, concrete breakout failure in tension. 10 at 2 Ensure steel strength controls: 13. 0.3.6.1. | To prevent concrete breakout failure in tension the | @ * Nesaea Ns 14, required design concrete breakout tensile strength 15 (@ Nea) has to be greater than or equal to the | 16. Nominal tensile strength of the embedment steel] N, = 51.0 kips Step 1 1, (Nd. 18 19 20. 0.3.6.1 | The design concrete breakout strength shall be | 0.85 * Negron Ne a taken as 0.85 times the nominal strength. Nesiea 251.85 22. lo = 60.0 kips 23. 24. DS2 | Nagis the nominal concrete breakout strength in| Nu YEN, (D5) 25. tension of a group of anchors. Avo 26. 27. 05.2.1 | Avis not calculated because itis assumed that | Ay = 4" Ayo 28. spacing is not limited, Therefore, only the ratio | AWAv = 4 29. AA is needed, 30. 3 32, 0.5.2.4 | Modification factors ate all 1.0 for: vy =10 33. 0.5.25 | Eccentricity effects we = 10 34 Edge offocts W. 36. Grin = 15 in. per problem statement. 36. Edge effecis factor, will be 1.0 a long as Ce 37. 4.57 hy OF het S Col 1.5. 38. Therefore, the embedmenthyneedsto be less | 39. than 15/1.5 = 10 in. to ensure no reduction due to 40. edge distance. 41 42, 05.26 | Concrete cracking Ys, Concrete is cracked per |W, = 1.0 43. problem statement, 44, 0.5.2.7 | Wanis not used for cast-in-place anchors, Yoon = NIA for studs 45 46. 0.5.2.2 | Neis the basic concrete breakout strength in fn ” tension ofa single anchor ineracked concrete. |y, = AVJc Hy in 48 48. Assume the embedmentwilbe ess than *1in. |], = 24¢6,000)8*%tha)* 50. and use Eq, (0-7). For cast-in-place anchors use 2S ke St k= 24 eos 52. 53._D.5.2__ | Negis the nominal concrete breakout steenath in 33CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 1 tension of 6 group of anchors. | A 2. | | Neg = SE PSN, (0-5) 3. | | ‘wo 4 =4°4,0° 1.0.1.0" 1.52 * ha)'® 5. Calculate the minimum required effective = 6.08" (ha) 8 embedment depth har by setting Ney equal 10 7. Negae: 6.08" (hei)'® = 60.0 kips 8 Perea 48in. 8 Determine the total length L ofthe stud: “The total required length L ofthe stud is equal io the required effective embedment depth hy plus | Leg = hy + head thickness + burn off SESSSSSSSRSSCSSSBUSSS BRS SBRLRRVSPRBSssaaRassS Ds2.1 ps2 D521 ps24 ps21 the head thickness, plus allowance for bum off, {minus the plate thickness, which is conservatively ignored in this problem’). Typical values for head thickness, and bur off are provided in Table 6 of Appendix A Determine the spacing s: Assume no limits on spacing. Space anchors at 3 times hs. Determine the actual concrete breakout failure (Nag) using the actual embedment and spacing, Nesp is the nominal concrete breakout strength in tension of a group of anchors. Determine Ay Determine Avo “The ratio of AyAyo is limited to 4 The embedment is less than 11 in, Therefore, Eq, (D-7) is used to calculate the basic concrete breakout strength. Also, because the embedment is less than 10 in., v2 is 1.0 as assumed previously. = 4.6 + 0.312 40.125 =5.04 in, Use 4-1/2 In, diameter x 5-1/4 in. long studs. aprons * 5.25-0:312 -0.125 (Burn ct) 81in ‘Spacing required between anchors is 3° 481= 14.43 in Use spacing s = 15 in. Nag = AUN, 5) Avo Au = Ghats) (3 *4.81+ 15) 366.1 in.” thy? 6) “ery 08.2 in. AvlAyo = 866.1/208.2 16>40 Use 4.0 Ne 52 (he) (07 52° (4.81)'* 6.03 ips +4.0° 4.0" 1,0" 1.0" 16.03 64.1 kips Nag 34CODE suction | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7. O85" Noy = 0.85" 6412 2 54.5 > 51.0(N,) kips OK 3 4. 5 8. "Inthe above example, the effective embedment length hy is teken fo the face of the concrete. Ifthe 7._ plate was lerger than the projected surface area, then the embedment length would exclude the thickness 8. ofthe embedded plate. 9. 10, STEP 3: Check pullout strength of stud Th 12 Determine Noa 13, 0.5.3.1 | Nyy isthe nominal pullout strength in tension of a | Ny, = YaNy (0-14) 4 single anchor. 15. 16. 5.3.1. | Npis the pullout strength in tension ofa single | Ny = Ae (0-18) 7 aichorin cracked concrete. 18 0.5.38 | Concrete is eracked per problem statement #10 19. 20. 05.34 | Caleuate the bosring area. The anchorhead — | Ayg = x*(1.00°-0.sc?y4 21 diameters 1.0 in. fora 1/2in, diameter stud =0.59in? 22 (Table 6, Appendix A), 3. N, =05ar8"4 24, = 18.9 kos 25 26. Nw = Np (0-14) 27 1.0" 189 28 = 189 kips/bolt 20, = 75.6 kips (4 bolts) 30 31. 0.3.6.1 | Check duetity 0.85" Nyy = 0.85*75.6 2 085 “Nyy 2Ne 64,3 > 51.0 kips (N,) OK 34, STEP 4: Check concrete side-tace blowout 35, 5.4.1 | Check concrete side-face blowout 36 =04 "481 a Ife> 0.4 hy, side-face blowout will not be a factor © = 15in.>1.92in oK 38 39. STEP 5: Summary 40. 41. Given | Applied toad = 28 kips 42, Stop 1/0.4.5.a | Design steel tensile strength ON, = 0.8°51.0= 40.8 kips 44, Step 210.4.5.¢ | Design concrete breakout strength @Naqg = 0.75" 64.1 = 48.1 kips 46. Step 31D.4.5.¢ | Design concrete pullout strength Nox = 0.75" 75.6 = 58.7 kips 48, Step 40.4.5. | Design concrete side face-blowout strength Ne = NA Ea 35CODE |_ section |PESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7 2. D.4.1.2 | Design strength of stud in tension ON, 3, q 4. = 40.8 kips > N,=28 kips OK 5. 6 0.36.1 | Ductlty: ‘min (0.85Naxy, 0.85Nga) = No 7. min (0.85 * 64.1, 0.85" 75.8) 8 ‘min (54.5, 64.3) 8. 54.5 >N,= 51.0 kips oK 10. Il. STEP 6: Cheek plate thickness 72. 13. AISC | Select plate thickness using the appropriate steel 14, code. This stop is not included in this example. A 45. sample calculation for a base plate design is 16. provided in Example B1(b). 7. 48 19. "Shad material is ADO/ATOR, material propertics per AWS Di.1, 2006, Table 7.1, Type B std, yield strength = 51 20. ksi, fensile strength = 65 ksi. Ithas elongation of 20% and reduction in area of 50%, meets the definition of a 21, ductile steel element given in D.1, and meets the tensile strength requirements of D.5.1.2 and D.6.1.2 fy $1.94, (65, 1.9 51.0= 96.9 ksi) 36Example B1(b)—Four-stud embedded plate, tension only, close spacing Design an embedment with four welded studs and a rigid embedded plate for a3 x 3.x 3/16 in. ASOT structural tube attachment Given: ‘Concrete edges in = 15 it hr = Bi Base plate BxBin, Spacing s=6in, Concrete mi = Stud materi fy fe Plate F, = 36k Load I. in in, iaterial ‘4000 psi ial (A108) 81 ksi 65 ksi Nv= 28 kips where Nu is the applied factored external load using load factors from Appendix C of the code. Assumptions: + Concrete is cracked + factors are based on Condition B in D.4.5 of the code (n0 supplementary reinforcement) © Ductile ‘embedment design is in accordance with 0.3.6.1 CODE 7 SECTION | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION STEP 1: Determine the required stud diameter. a7. Equation 48 No. 49. 0.4.1.1 | Equate internal design strength @N, to the external | @Ny 2 Ny (0-1) 50. factored load Nu 37CODE : : , section | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION i Ina ductile design, the nlernal strangih Ny 2 controlled by the steel strength of the stud N, | Np =Ny = MAeta 3 4 5 6 7. D45 | The required steel suength of the stud Nszoyis | 0.80" Naeg 2 28 8 multiplied by @ = 0.80 for tension because the 8. embedment and the steel stud is ductile and the | Nyyeg = 28/0.8 10. load factors are based on Appendix C of the code = 35.0 kips M1. 42, 0.5.1 | Solve forthe required stool area Aare fora single | Nyieg = PAs (0-3) 13. stu 35.0) = 4 Arie’ 65 14 Areva = 35.0104 65) 2 =0.13in? required 16. 17 Effective Use 1/2.n, diameter studs 18. Anchor diameter area, Axe in? 19. [ys aAT0 196 > 0.13 in.” OK 20 we 0.198 controls 24 | 22. D5.1__| Determine the nominal tensile strength Ny ast (03) | 23. of 4-12in. diameter studs. “0.196 65, 24, 1.0 kips 25 26, STEP 2: Determine the minimum embedment length of the studs to prevent 27._conerete breakout failure in tension cy 23 Ensure steel strength controls: 30. 0.36.1 | To prevent concrete breakout failure in tension, | @ * Negros» Ne 3 the required design concrete breakout tensile 32, strength @Nesseq as to be greater than the 3 nominal tensile strength ofthe embedment steel | N= $1.0 kips Step 1 34 Ne 35, 36. 0.361 0.85 * Nesp Ne a7. “The design concrate breakout strength shall be | Neywa> 31785, 38, taken as 0.85 times the nominal strength. Neen > 60.0 kips 39, 40. 052 4 4 Nag the nominal concrete breakout strength in EHH Ns (05) 42. tension of @ group of anchors. Ayo 43, 4, 45. 05.24 46. 0.525 | Modification factors are all 1.0 for W190 47, Eccentricity effects Y= 10 48, Edge effects Y, 49, nin = 18 in, por problem statement. 50, Edge effects facior will be 1.0 25 long a5 Cain 51 1.8 he OT hy S Cpal 5. 52 Therefore, the embedment hy needs to be less 53, than 15/1,5 = 10 in, to ensure no reduction due to 38CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION i edge distance 2 0826 W=1.0 3 Concrete cracking Ws, Concrete is cracked per 4. problem statement. 5 D527 Yeo = NIA for studs 6 ‘egw is not used for cast-in-place anchors 7 & 0522 (0-7) 9. Ny is the basic concrete breakout strength in 40. tension of a single anchor in cracked concrete u 72, ‘Assume the embedment willbe less than 11 in, 3 and use Eq. (D-7), For castin-place anchors, use A 14 k= 24 beat lie (05) 15, D521 wo 16. Nag is the nominal concrete breakout strength in| Nag = (AWAyo)* 1.0" 1.0 1.0" 1.52* 7. tension of a group of anchors. het 18, = (AwAva) * 1.52 * he® | 19. | 20. 24 Use trial and error; increase heruntil Negi 22 equal to or greater than the required Nese B 24 First eration: Try he = 8 in. 25. 05.24 (3 * hy) +s]? 26. Aw is the projected area of the failure surface for r 27. the group of anchors. See Figure RD.5.1 in 28. Commentary for guidance in calculating Ay 29. Spacing $i 6 in. per problem statement 30. 0521 5) 31 ‘Aygis the projected area ofthe failure surface of @ 32 single anchor remote from edges. 33 34. D524 900/576 35 Ratio of ereas. 38 37. D522 38 Basic concrete breakout strength 39. 40. 41 42, 0.5.2.1 | Nominal group concrete breakout stienath, Ney (05) 43. 44 45. Because New of 53.6 kips is less than required, | Nay = 1.56*34.4 46. 60.0 kips, we need to increase the effective Nesp = 53.6 kips <60kips (No good) 47 ‘embedment depth he, and try again. 48 49, 50. Second Iteration: Try he = 9 in. 51 52. 05.2.1 | Determine Ay 53 54 (05) 39CODE | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION SECTION D521 | Determine Aw 5° 9 | = 729 in? AglAwo = 10897729 = Ny = 1.52" hy! 7 2 3, 4 5. D.5.2.1 | Determine the ratio of Ay/Aye 6 7. 8 52° 9° 5. D522 _ | Basic concrete breakout strength 0 kips 70, " Neg =1.49°41.0 2 Neg =613kips 2600 Ks OK 13. 052 _ | Nominal group concrete breakout strength Nag \14 hy =9in. 80K ‘S 6 Because the conerete breakout strength Nu of 7 61.3 kis is greater than the required value of 60 8 kips, the embedment depth har of in, wil 3 produce a ductle design 20 Liegess™ hy + head thickness + bum off zi 22. D5.2 Determine the total length of the stud L. L =9.0+0.312+ 0.125 23. ‘The total requied length ofthe stud Lis equal to =o4in 24. the required effective embedment depth h'., plus 25. the heed bickness, pls some addifonal feng 28. account for burn off (minus the plate thickness, 27 which s Consorvatively ignored in his problem) 28 “Typical values for head thickness and burn off ae 2 provided in Table 6, Appendix A. 20. 31 Determine the conerete breakout strength Nain : sion ofthe anchor group usin the final ae nee hg = L-head thickness - burn off 7 50312-0125 35. Determine actual her 06 in. 38 7 s=6in 38 38 Spacing is 6 in as per statement problem, | 40 peena . f (3.07 hy) +sP 4 (8.0 9:08) + oF 22. 0521 | Determine &y 3 4 (os) 7s 46. 0.5.21 | Determine Ano 2 3 48 50. D521 | Determine the rato-of Avy 51 82 | 53. 540.52 _ | Determine basic concrete breakout stenath. The _| - 40CODE SECTION | DESIGN PROCEDURE | CALCULATION - 7 ‘ombedment bless than Ti in. Therefore, 2 Eq, (D-7)is used to calculate the basic concrete 3 breakout strength. Also, because the embedment 4. is less than 10 in., vzis 1.0.95 assumed above. 5. 6. 7. 8 | Nominal te breakout strength N Nog = 1497415 . jominal group concrete breakout strength Neoy Tyee 4 i 0.85 * Ney = 0.85" 61.7 13, heck ductility eet 14, 0.85 * New > Ns oe esc e pe, 5 16 _ 17. STEP 3: Check pullout strength of stud 18. 19, 20. Determine Nex 21, D.5.3.1 | Nps is the nominal pullout strength intension of a | Nyx = ¥eNy om 22. single anchor. 23. 24, 1.5.3.1 | Npis the pullout strength in tension ofa single | Np = AagBt (015) 25. anchor in cracked concrete. 26. 27. 0.5.3.5. | Concrete Is cracked per problem statement. We 0 28. 29. 05.3.4 | Caleuiate the bearing area. The anchor head Pog =" (1,007 -0.50"V4 30. Giameter's 1.0 in, fora 1/2'n, diameter stud 59 in? 31 ‘(Table 6, Appendix A) 32, N, 59°8*4 33 = 18.9 kips 34 35. DAS Ni (O14) 36. r 37. 8.9 kips/bot 38. 5.6 kis (4 bolts) 39. 40. ‘Check ductility 0.85 * Nyy = 0.85" 75.6 41 (0.85 * Nox > Ny = 64,3 > 51.0 kips oK 42. 43. . 44, STEP 4: Check conerete side-face blowout 45. 46. © 204hy ® ‘Check concrete side-face blowout Saiane . side-fece blowout wil factor | _ 2 38in. 29. Ife 204 hq, side-face blowout will not bea factor | 238i 50. 51 4CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 1. STEP 5: Summary. z T Sven | Applied toad Nu= 28kips : Stop 10.45. | Design see tensile strength ess 08°51 =408kis —— contols 6 Step 210.4.5.c 8, Step 30.4.5. 10. Step 4 12. B 14. D412 45. 16. 17. 18. 03.6.1 19. 20. 21 22, Design conerete breakout strength Design concrete pullout strength Design concrete side face-blowout strength Design strength of stud in tension Duetity: @Neag= 0.75 * 61.7 = 46.3 kips Np 0.75 * 75.6 = 56.7 kips (gNao= NIA = 40.80 kips > N, = 28 kips 0K min (0.85Naxg, 0.85Nox) > Ne min (0.85 ° 61.7, 0.85" 75.6} > 51.0 min (52.4, 64.3) 2.4 > Nz = 81.0 kips 23. STEP : Calculate the required plate thickness | The plate is 8 x 8 in. as per problem statement. ‘The plate must transmit to the studs all loads used in the design of the attachment ‘Appendix C load factors are conservative compared with AISC Evaluate sections a-a and b-b to determine ‘minimum load capacity Yield of the plate material is 35 ksi ‘The plate shall be designed in accordance with the AISC-LRFD code. The design flexural strength is based on the limit state of yielding and is equal to ‘@oM, where, per Chapter F of AISC: Ye =0.90 M, =M,=F,Z<1.5M, | Evaluate pate at Section e-a |At face of tube (aa) [Tension in two bolts* [Tages = 28/2 = 14.0 kins. 42CODE secTION | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION | la = 15+ aR2= Moment in plate at section a-a: [Mans = Tapans® Use the midsurface of the tube as point of fixity. = 14°16 = 224 in-kips Nominal capacity of plate. The effective width is |M, =Z*F, ‘assumed to be equal tothe width of the A" bag attachment plus 2t on either side. Use the plastic 34+2°05+2°05 section modulus 2. in. Fy = 36 ksi Assume plate thickness is 1/2 in | Piastic moment: IM=2"F, 4? g* B+ 36 5.08 Nominal moment capacity Ms looMa = ZF y Osrase 4050 Required thickness on Section 2-2 tensa = VEBATAOE = 0.74 in Evaluate Section b-b: Foree in one bolt Applied moment: S125 + tuagl2 25 in, *2.25 SB in-k ‘The distance wis the distance from the comer ‘anchor to the midsurface of the tube. 43CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION i : 2 3 ; 6, IZ = V4 day t? ; 8 ‘The effective width at Section b-b is assumed to [bp = 4*(3/4) in. @ 14, wt 3.0° "38 15. at te 17, {pol o.g'27t 18. 24.30 8 lan = 7887953 =081 in. contol 7 bst« mi 2 lst inx8in, x78 in nbd pat 25. 26. “Stud material is AZOIAT0B, material properties per AWS D1.1, 2006, Table 7.1, Type B stud, yield 27. strength = 57 ksi, tensile strength = 65 ksi. It has elongation of 20% and reduction in area of 50%, meets 28. the definition of a ductile steel element given in D.1, and meets the tensile strength requirements of 28. D5.4.2and D.6.1.2: fy-$ 1.8%, (65 5 1.9 * 51.0 = 96.9 ksi) 33. iin the above example, the effective embedment length ha is taken to the face of the concrete. ifthe 34._ plate was larger than the projected surface area, then the embedment length would exclude the thickness 35. of the embedded plate. Je." A note about prying: In this problem, ris assumed that prying does not occur, and the fores in individual 37. anchors under the applied tension force is not increased by the prying effect. Prying may exist depending 38. on the thickness of the plate, the location of the anchor, and the stiffness of the anchor. Itis assumed that 39, there is no prying in this example.BRBNAS Corson + Example B1(c)—Four-bolt surface-mounted plate, tension only, close spacing, close to a corner Design an embedment with four post-installed undercut anchors and a surface-mounted plate for a3 x 3 x 3/16 in. ASOI structural mabe attachment. Given: Concrete edges = 0) = 02 12in, Base plate 8x Bin. ‘Anchor spacing s=6in, Concrete material f= 4000 psi Anchor material (F1854 Gr 36)' a 36 ksi fa 58 ksi Anchor type ‘Threaded, undercut § Prat 1s 4 Fy = 36 ksi fs Losd N= 28 Kips where N, is the applied factored external load using load factors from Appendix C of the code. ‘Assumptions: + Concrete is cracked + g-factors are based on Condition B in D.4.5 of the code (no supplementary reinforcement) + Ductile embedment design is in accordance with 0.3.6.1. — teed SECTONAS CODE NY SEOHON | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 48._ STEP 1: Determine the required anchor diameter 7 Equation 50 51,_D.4.1.1_| Equete internal design strength @Ntothe | oN, 2 o-) 45CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7 ‘external factored load Ny. 2 ina ductile design, the internal strength Nos 13. controlled by the sieol stength ofthe siud N,. | Ny =Ny = nA 4 5 ‘The requited stee! strength of the stud Na, 6 0.45 | multilied by @ = 0.80 fortension because the | 0.80" Naey = 28 7. ‘embedment and the steel stud is ductile and the | News = 28/0.8 8 load factors are based on Appendix C of the 35.0 kips 8 code 10. 41. D.5.1__ | Solve for the required steel area for a single Nereg = MAserocfu (0-3) 12. Stud Agereq 35.0 £47 Avena” 58 13. Aseseq = 35.014 * 58) 14, Effective: 0.15 in? required 15, Anchor diameter, area, Ace 16. | i 0.142 Use 6/8 in. diameter anchors 17. 5/8 0.226 Bae = 0.226 > 0.15 in.* OK 18, 19. 1.5.12 | Determine the nominal tensile strength N, of | Ne = nAvty (03) 2 4-518 in. diameter boits. 410.226" 58 21 = 52.4 kips 2 Note: is assumed that prying will not occur. ee ‘See Footnote iii in Exemple B1(b). 4 25. STEP 2: Determine the minimum embedment of the anchors to prevent concrete 26. breakout failure in tension WT. Ensure steel strengih contol: 28, D.3.6.1. | inaccordance with D.3.6.1, the design of the | 0.85Neag 2 Ne 29, tembedment will be contolied by the strength of 30. the embedment steel, Following D361, this [Nay > Ny0.85 31 {goal is met when the nominal stgol strength of | Nag 2 52.4/0.85 32. the anchor Ns is set equal to 0.85 times the Nesgreg =61.7 kips: 33. rominal strength ofthe concrete controlled 34 sirengths (Nap Np, ete). Note that 0.85 isnot a 35, @-facior. 36. 37, 052 _ | Nagis the nominal concrete breakout strength Ay 38. in tension of a group of anchors. Ne YP vNy (05) 38, Ivo 40. 052.1 | Avis the projected area ofthe failure surface for 41 the group of anchors. See Figure RD.5.1 in| Ay=[(1.5*ha) +34} "[(15*ha)+84¢] 42, ‘Commentary and the figure at the beginning of | Ay= (1.5 herr 18)° 43. this problem for guidance in calculating Ay 4a 45, Spacing ss 6 in. por problem statement 46 Edge distance c is 12 in. per problem 47 statement, Because itis not known ithe edge 48, distance affects Ay, (that i, needs to be 4 checked that ena = 1.Shg). We will assume it 50 does, and caleulate Wy and Ay for each 51 iteration 52 53__D5.2.1 | Avgls the projected area of the fallure surface (08) 46; : CODE | DESIGN PROCEDURE | CALCULATION SECTION 7 ‘ofa single anchor remote from edges. 2 3 Modification factors: | 4 0.5.24 | Eccentricity effects #,, Assume no load w, =10 5 ‘eccentricity. 6 D525 | Edge effects ¥, We = [0.7 + 0.3 * (Co/(1.5* hei] (O-11) 7. D526 | Concrete cracking Ws, Concrete is cracked per | = 7.0 8 problem statement. 9. 05.27 | Vayu depends on tests. ean = 1.ShelCae. nO | Yoon = 1.0 86 | tests are done then, ce =2.5 "ha. if reinforcement is included to control spiting or if analysis indicates cracking at service loads, then Way is taken as 1.0. In this problem, we will assume adequate reinforcing exists 10 preclude splitting. Therefore, use Wepyi= 1.0. 19. 0.5.22 | Neis the basic concrete breakout strength in D.5.25. | Determine edge effect factor Y, Y 7 + 03" Lenufl1.5* hel} (D-11) 7 +037 [120.5°9)) | 7+0.26 37 1.5.2.2 | Basic concrete breakout strength Ny = 1.52{he)!* 1.529)" = 41.0 kips 20. tension of a single anchor in cracked concrete. (O7) 2 Assume the embedment will be less than 11 in., 22. and use Eq, (D-7). Use k = 24 for this undercut 23. post.installed anchor, For post-installed = 24" 4000" Sha! ® 24, anchors, k values may be increased up to 24 = 1.52he* 25. provided that product-specific testing is done in 26. accordance to D.3.3. 27. 28. Use iteration on her until Nesp is equal to or 29, greater than Neegq- 30. 31 First iteration First iteration 32, Try her = in, - same embedment used in he = 90. 3. Example B1(b). 34. 38. Determine Ay for the comer location. Note that | Ay = (1.5 ha + 18)% 36. | the embedment dimensions are symmetric and (1.5"9+ 18) 37. that itis located near 3 corner. Ay =992.3in# 38. 39, 0.5.2.1 | Determine Axo thy? (0-6) | 40. <9 4a 29 in? 42. 7 D.5.2.1 | Determine the ratio of Aw/Ane. AalAo = 992.41729 = 1.36 4, 45. 46, 47. 48, 49. 50. 51 52, 53. 54. 47CODE section | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7 2. 0.5.2 | Nominal group concrete breakout strength Nery (05) 3. 4 Because Nesjis less than Naga the effective | Nog = 1.36°1.0°0.97"1.071.0°41.0 5 ‘embedment depth needs to be increased, Nig =54.1 kips <61.7 kips (No good) }7 Second iteration ‘Second iteration 8 Try har = 16 in, he =16in. 8 10. D.5.2.1 | Determine Ay, for the comer location, Ay = (1S e+ 18)? u G5 "6 +18) 12 Ay = 1764 in? 13, | 14. D821 | Determine Ave Ao 297 he 05) 18, erie? 16. = 2304 in? 17. 1.5.2.1 | Determine the ratio of Av/Ave 18 Ado = 176412304 = 0.77 19. 20. 0.5.2.6 | Determine edge effect factor #2 Vz £07403" fenil(1.5* he) (0-11) 21 0.7+0.3" [12i(1.5* 18)] 22, = 0.85 23. 28 Yeon 21 2. 26. 0.5.2.2 | Basic concrete breakout strength, Ny = 1.52the)"S 27. 52(16)'* 28. 29, 30. D521 | Nominal group concrete breakout strength Ney | Nay = (05) 31 | Ivo 32, | 3 Neyo # 0.76 * 1.0" 0.85 1.0° 1.07973 3%. Newg = 62.9 kips = 61.7 ki 7 0 ps ips 7 Ok for ductility 39 Use 5i8 in. diameter anchor, with 16 in. 40. embedment depth. 4 42 Check strength @ Neg = 0.75" 62.9 43. = 47.2 > 28 kips OK 44, 45. STEP 3: Check pullout strength of anchor 4. 47 Ensure steel fallure: 48, 0.3.6.1 | To prevent concrete breakout failure in tension | 0.85Npa 2 Ne 49. the design concrete breakout tensile strength, 50. {OANea, Has to be greator than or equal tothe | 0.85 Nay = Ny 5 ‘nominal tensile strength of the embedment 52, 0.3.6.1. | stee!N.. To satisfy the ductility requirements of | No. = Nv0.85 53. 1.3.6.7, the design pullout strength shall be [Ne = 13.10.85 _ 48CODE | SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7 Taken a5 0.85 limes the nominal strength. 2 Nowa 15.4 kips for single anchor 3 Determine Nyx 4. [Noa fs the nominal pullout strength in tension of 5. a'single anchor. 6 DS31 7. For post-installed expansion and undercut B ‘anchors, the values of Np shall be based on the 8 D532 | 5% fractile of tests performed and evaluated 10. according to D.3.3. tis not permissible to | " calculate the pullout strength in tension for such | 12, anchors. Therefore, testing for this specific 13 anchor needs to show a result greater than 14. Nonrog OF the testing needs to show that pullout 15, does not occur at all 16, | 7. Bo _ 49. STEP 4: Check concrete side-face blowout 20. 21. D.54.1_ | Check concrete side-face blowout, > 0.4hy 22 0.4 “16 = 64 in. 23, 24 c=12>64 OK. 25, 7 26. STEPS: Summary 2 28. Given | Applied load Ny = 28 kips 29. Step!/D.4.5.a | Design steel tensile strength ON, =0.87524= 41.9 kips 31 Stop2/D.4.8.¢ | Design concrete breakout strength @Nexg = 0.75" 62.9 = 47.1 kips 33. | Step 3D.4.8.¢ | Design conerete pullout strength(testing) @Noq = Check with manufacturer 35. 36. Step4 | Design concrete side face-blowout strength | @Nw» = N/A 37 38, D.4.1.2 | Design strength of stud in tension GN, = min (gN., @Neos) 39, in (41.9, 47.1) 40. H.9kips>N, =28kips OK. an. 42, 0.3.6.1 | Ductiity O.B5Negs 2 Ne 43, 0.85 “62.92 52.4 kips 44, 535 >524 kips OK. 45, 46. Plate design: same as Example B1(b) 47. 48 ‘49, Anchor material s ASTM F1554 Gr 36, [thas elongation of 23% and reduction im area of 2 in. and mevis the '50._defintion of a ductile steel clement given in D.1 (f= 58 ksi< L.9f, = 1.9 * 36= 64 ksi, z 49Example B2(a)-Four-stud embedded plate, combined shear and uniaxial moment Design an embedment using welded studs and an embedded piate for a 3 x 3 x 1/4 in, A501 structural tube attachment. Giver: Concrete edges Concrete material e ‘4000 psi Stud material A108: 7 4 51 ksi Qs 6 ksi ir Plate: Fo = 36ksi Loads: My 70 in-kips 2 Ve 12.4 kips. ‘where M,, and V, are the applied factored extemal loads as defined in Appendix C of the code. Note that the loads in this example have been selected to provide an example in which the anchors in tension must also camry shear, ‘Assumptions ‘© Concrete is cracked ‘+ p-faclors are based on Condition B in D.4.5 of the code (no supplementary reinforcement) ANCHORS. IN TENSION 50CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE. CALCULATION 1. STEP 1: Di jetermine required steel area of the studs 43 49. AIsc ‘Chapter F DAL DS.12 Das BASE PLATE Determine the plate size and thickness and anchor bolt size for moment ‘Assume a 1/2 in. thick, 7x 7 in. plate Stud spacing, $= 5 in. is given. Assume the center of compression force resultant is at a distance d,~ 2¢ away from the outer edge of the supported member, the structural tube. ‘The center of the tension force is at the center of the anchors in tension. Derertine the lever arm d betveen the eenter ‘of compression and tension forces. ‘Calculate the tension in the anchors. Design the plate using the AISC LRFD Code.* Use the plastic moment M, to define the nominal strength ofthe plate in bending, and use p= 0.9 in accordance with the AISC Code. Assume thatthe | full width of the base plate is effective. ‘Strength of steel plate is greater than the applied ultimate moment, but elose tothe limit Use 5/8 in, plate, ANCHORS ‘Tension: Determine the required stud area A. for tension. Assume ductile design and use the corresponding factor in accordance with D4.5. @= 0.8 for tension load From Appendix A, Table 2: Effective area Anchor (gross area for stud) in? diameter, in, 38 O10 2 0.196 SIS 0307 51 It dt de 0+30+10=50 d= 14.0" 1.0= 140in-k b= FZ 9F,2 14 (7) 0.5)= 0.44 in? eMy= 0.9(36)(0.48) = 14.3 > Myi=14 kein, OK Use plate, 7 x7 x 5/8 in. thick plate ly = ON OPA‘CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 47, 061 Shear: Shear forces in anchors: From the figure on the right the forces in each anchor group and force due to friction can be calculated From above, C and T are already calculated Determine friction force Vis Shear strength ‘Because this is an embedded base plate, shear strength may be calculated using either direct shear or shear friction; however, only the direct shear option will be shown herein.” Using the steel! area Aye determined from ‘tension above, calculate the available shear strength of the anchors. Shear strength using direct shear and friction from compression ‘A. Assume all four anchors resist shear {Concrete breakout strength needs to be checked; see Step 3) Strength of front and back anchors, Vay and Vao! Total strength of front and back anchors: Strength-reduction factor: Design strength of anchors at Line 1, V33 and Line 2, Vy: (Note: strenath is based on fy, not STE OOB* 2" 65) Reese = 0.135 in? Use 4-1/2 in. diameter studs. Bs + Aseioor = 0.196 in? OK a =14.0kips 4C= 4°14 = 5.6 kips Bao = Bors Beet Aer ® Rua 1Aaa= 2 * 0.196 = 0.392 in? Ver =Viz= Asef + 0,196 * 65 = 25.5 kips V, =2725.5=51.0kips (0-18) 52‘CODE ; SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE i CALCULATION 1 a) @ 20 2 ‘Total design steel strength of four anchors 3 Ves = PVqg= 0.75" 25.5= 19.1 kips 4 5. 6 ‘Additional shear strength is provided from QV, =2° 19.4 7 friction on the compression side of the 8. D45c | plate. @ is taken as 0.75 from Condition B, = 38.2 kips 9 10. Vy =04C=0.4* 14> 5.8 kips it 12 Vr =0.75°5.6 = 42kips 13, 6.14 | Design shear strength of the connection, 14 four anchors plus frictional resistance: 15, 18 Note: tis prudent to ignore the shear strength 17. provided by frictional resistance, especially fora | QV; + Vn = 38.2+4.2 18 new design. Itis included herein, however, 0 =424kios > 12.4 kips OK 19. illustrate the procedure as the code permits it It 20. is best utlized to avoid rework if shear demand 21 increases later due to a reanalysis or retrofit 22, 23 24, 2B B. Assume all shear taken by back two anchors 26, (Cine 2 in figure). Frition will not be included 21 28. Design strength of anchors @V,2 at Line 2: 29 Vea = 19.1 Kips 30, 31 32. Vaz > Vu = 12.4 kips: OK 33 34.) STEP 2: Determine required embedment length for the studs to prevent concrete breakout failure 35, in tension 36 37 38. D541 Calculate the stee! strength of anchors in Asai 39. | tension, Only anchors on Lino 2 resist tension, (0°196)(05) 40, = 25.5 ips 4 42 43. 0.5.22 | Caleulate the required concrete breakout Ny = 0.85Nag, 44. D.3.6.1 _| strength of anchors in tension to ensure that 45 embedment is ductile, Nereg = 25:510,85 = 29.9 kips 46. 47. Conerete breakout strength fora group of Ay 48 anchors: Nag SEF # YF yr (D5) 49 vo 50, Try 55518 in. long Nelson stud 51 |52. 0.5.2.1 | Calculate Aye, Note that because the failure 53 surface extends to the top ofthe concrete, the 5a. thickness of the plate is added to the anchor a 53CODE ; SECTION DESIGN eRe ener CALCULATION i Teng 2 3 he = 5.625 + tase -burn off (See Table 6) | Ano = She” (D-6) 4 5.625 + 6625 -0.125 §, = 6.125 in, = 9° (6.125)* é i Calculate Ay There are no edge effects, = 337.6 in? a | because 1.5" 6.125=92in. 27 | B Concrete breakout strength for group 52(6.125)" 9, 30, eee » 23.0 kins 32 521 : i Nag= SEM Money 34 Embedment is ductile in tonsion Appaaaitas 35. Strength contolled by steel. This satisfies the 26. shear retin requlement from Stop 1 1a (1oyt.oy.oz3.0 on 29.9 Kips 2 Nesgsen™ 29.9 kips OK i Use 4-1/2 in, diameter x 5-5/8 in. long oo ‘anchors at 5 in. spacing 41 22 ra e a 44. STEP 3 : Check pullout strength of anchor 45. 46. 053 | Calculate the pullout strength of the anchor in a7 tension in accordance with D523. Design| Nyy = WN 48, 0.5.24 | embedment as ductile in accordance wih (O14 49 036.1 50. Ne = AngBle 51 (0.45) 52 = B74 Bay 52, 0.5.2.5 | Concreteis cracked per problem statement £32 Ag 54 54CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION Calculate the bearing area. From manufacturer data, anchor head diameter is 1.0in, for a 1/2 in. diameter stud (See Table 6 in Appendix A). Pullout strength to maintain ductile design in accordance with D.3.6.1 Ws Ay =nt (1.0? 0.584 59 in? No =1732°0.59 = 18.9 kips: 0.85 N= 25" 18.9 = 16.1 kips each anchor = @D22kpstertwoancas 1/2.in, diameter studs are OK for pullout Cheek concrete side-face blowout Check anchors closest to the edge for side-face blowout, 61> O.4hes 1Bin, > 0.4" 6.125 = 2.45 in | Side-ace blowout Ns need not be checked. 55STEP 5: Check concrete breakout failure in shear ‘To determine the critical concrete breakout strength, three modes of failure would be considered. They are shown ‘below. The frst mode places the failure cone at the front anchors, and a strength check is made against 1/2 of the applied shear V,, The second mode considers the filure cone initiating atthe back anchors, and a strength check is ‘made against the total shear V,. The final mode is a conservative check, which assumes that all of the shear is acting at the front anchors. This check might be considered if significantly oversized holes are used as in a column base plate Per the note on Fig. RD.6.2.1(b) of the Commentary, the only check that is required for this problem is Mode 2, 1, 12, 13, 14 36. 16, 17. 18 19. 20. 21 22 23. 24. 25. 27. 28. 2 30 31 33, 34. 36. 37. 38, a 42 43 45, 46. 47 48, 43. 50. 51 52 26. 32. 35. because the studs are welded to the anchor plate. Mode 230, Mode 2 (Only che required — wolded st SECTION A-A ® Mode 3 SECTION A-A 53. t cr OVeigt = gVey Vu 25.1 kps18.1 Kips" 82 kps™ ©) 0.8BVeag2 Zin. 2e5epe Vea Vo 285kips 82 kips* * from page 3 ~ shwarto be sisted © 12.4-4.2= 82kips, pages 56SELSRESSASSBLRAS ARIS BRU BREN SS SaaRassS 9 D625 D626 D627 D623 D361 bas p21 | Determine concrete breakout strength using Mode 2. For a plate with welded studs Mode 2 can be used to calculate the concrete breakout strength, Therefore c\=18 + 5 = 23 in. The failure cone passes through the bottom of the slab, 50 the A, equation uses the full slab thickness (h = 18 in, < 23 in.) Modification factors: Eccentricity on Anchor group ‘Ps Second edge effect Ye Assumed cracked Note: by definition, £ is limited to Bd,= 4 in Nominal concrete breakout strength: ‘Check ductility, two anchors on Line 2: Check for strengti ‘Strength-reduetion factor: Design group concrete breakout strength: (D2) A, = (3c*s)(h) = (3 * 23+ §)(18)=1332 in? Ae 4.5 014.5 * 23722981 in? 22) AlBvo 0.56 0 No eccentricity 0 c> 1.5; 0 £) ere fe) oss eos61209* = 59.8 kips Veoge = 0.86°1.0°7.0°1.0°59.8 = 33.5 kips 0.85Vesge = 0.85 * 33.5 Mode. ductile e | =075 Ven = 0.75 * 33.5 OK for strength (o- (0-26) (0-24) = 2B.5 > Vg= 25.5 kips 28.1 > Vy= 8.2 kips 2 STEP 6 “Check group pryout D63 Concrete pryout of the anchors in shear must be checked Two anchors : Vero Kep * Nevo Key =2 forhy> 2.5 in. | Nesot 29.9 kips (029) 87Veg? 2* 29.9 = 59.8 kips 0.85 * Vesg = 0.85 * 59.8 = 50.8 > 25.5 kips Ductile 7. STEP 7: Summary = 9 Sit 5 10 Diameter d= 1/2 in 2 ML Length L= 5-58 in 2 12. Effective depth hy = 6.13 in. ee 5 Base plate thickness, €= 5/8 in 8 ia ‘Anchors are ductile 8 15. TENSION j 16. a n Applied oad 18. Step | pase [Seeee oe a 2 ase | meme imsom ens ee ee eae 3 pase |Cumnmuentennet tga ee ike Bose | Omens sown seat @Noy 90.75" 2" 18.9 = 28.4 Kips 2 sa) Besitn stent fst nsion €1> O.thy so this isnot applicable 28 : {Ny = min (ON, Noy, Nan) x SHEAR: Mode 2 (frictional resistance counted) Oe a eT 32. Applied load, 12.4 — 4.2 = 8.2 kips, page 6, i lis 2 Nesta RS Oe 33. Sup 34 Steel strength Se Step 1/D.4.5.a eeeaeeante 36 ase | otis conte eV, £075°255 = 19:1 Kips 2 pase |Cmmroasecah g¥og2 0.75 *98.5 © 25.1 tps 4 gag | Dsltastentsud dew (9Vagg" 0.75" 59.8 = 44.9 Kips 2 Vn = in (OV, Ven @Yean) 43. min (19.1, 25.1, 44.9) : =19.1kips>Vj=82kips OK 46. STEP 8: Check for tension-shear interaction a7 48 49. 0.7.3 | Anchors subject to combined shear and tension (030) 50, forces must meet the tension-shear interaction 51 requirements of 0.7 52 53. Mode 2; 54. 589 Design strength in shear: Vy > 0.2" design shear strength interaction | @V, check is required 9.1 Kips step 3 2719.4 (0.2)9Ve5 8 <8.2kips 14/20.4 + 8.2119.1 = 0.69 + 0.43 112<1.2 oK If the frictional resistance was ignored, then the aforementioned interaction equation becomes 14/20.4 + 12.4/19.1 = 0.69 + 0.65 = 134> 1.2 and the anchors have to be redesigned. Mode 3 assumption: An alternate assumption is that all of the shear Is taken by only the anchors on the compression side. With this assumption, there ‘sno interaction check because the anchors in tension are not in shear and the anchors in shear are not in tension, This approach, however, requires that Mode 3 failure for the ‘concrete shear breakout strength (Step 5) be checked. Mode 3 will have lower concrete breakout strength, and is more likely to lead to a nonductile design. * Shud material is AIOE, material properties per AWS DI1, 2000, Table 7.1, Type B stad, yield strengih = 51,000 psi, tensile strength = 65,000 psi, It has elongation of 20% and reduction in area of 50%, meets the definition of @ ductile steel element given in D.1, and meets the tensile strongth requirements of D.5.1.2 and D.6.1.2: fy 1.9f, (65.5 1.9 51 = 96.9 ksi. ie Notes on steel designs ‘The plate will be designed using the AISC-LRFD code (American Insitute of Stes! Construction, 1999, “Load Resistance Factor Design for Structural Steel Buildings,” AISC, Chicago, I). In applying ito this example, some conservative simplifying assumptions will be made: 18) Loads: This example assumes thatthe loads are the same as used in the previous editions of the ACI and therefore ‘we used the Appendix C g-factors, The AISC Code uses the ASCE 7 (Ref. xx) load factors, and the strength reduction factors are determined accordingly. The loads used in this example are therefore conservative, and wil be ‘used with the LRFD design b) Strength-reduction factors: The strength-reduction factors will be those ofthe AISC-LRFD Code (@ —0.9 for bending) ) Strength design: The nominal strength of a section in bending in the LRFD Code is based on a plastic section modulus Z and yield strength F, of the steel material (M,= My= ZF). This approach will be followed inthis example _ D.4.3 of the code requires the resistance to combined tensile and shear loads to be considered i design. In his problem, the tensile load on some ofthe anchors comes fiom the moment, The moment is assumed to be a result of the shear acting some distance from the face ofthe base plate. The anchorage, therefore, has no net externally applied tension force. Tlie tension results in an equal and selfequilibrating compression force. The code is not clear if the tension shear interaction equation isto be applied on an anchor-by-anchor basis or on the entire base plate ‘Also, because Appendix D permits shear to be resisted by direct shear through individual anchors or by sheat friction, either approach could be used; however, only the direct shear procedure is shawn in this example problem. 59WOVEMAAN— 44 42 Example B2(b)-Four-anchor surface-mounted plate, combined shear and uniaxial moment Design an embedment using cast-n-place anchors and a flexible surface-mounted plate for a 3 x 3 x 1/4 in. ‘A501 structural tube attachment Given: Concrete edges Concrete material } fe ‘4000 psi { Rod material F1554 Gr.105! = 105 ksi fe 120 ksi Plate Fo = 36 ksi Loads My 70 in-kips Ve 12.4 kips ‘Where M,, and V, are the applied factored external loads using load factors as defined in Appendix C of the cose. ‘See introduction for commentary on the distribution of stresses to the anchors for this problem, Assumptions: * Concrete is cracked ‘+ g-factors are based on Condition B in D.4.5 of the code (no supplementary reinforcement) Mu “> SECTION A-A 60 1.5hel_1.Shet PLAN ANCHORS IN TENSIONCODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION concrete due to the compressive reactio 1. STEP 1: Determine required steel area of the rod 2 3 | try 7x7 in. plate with 5 x 5 in. rod spacing. : | 5 Calculate the tension force in the anchors and | 6 compression reaction force in the concrete 7 from the applied forces. 8 2 Kosh 10, Assume, conservatively, that the center of 1 compression force resultant is at the outer (oles fe 12 ‘edge of the supported member, the structural 13, tube. (Alternately, ican be assumed that the 14 center of the compression force is at a 15, distance of 2 from the outer edge of the tube 16, as used in Example B2(a). This, however, 147) requires the designer to estimate plate 18 thickness and later verify that the thickness is) 19. no less than that assumed). The center of the 20, tensile foree is at the center of the anchors in 21 tension, 22. Determine the required rod area Az. for 23, tension. Assume ductile design and use the 24. ‘corresponding (factor in accordance with | Ne 2. 0512 | DAs. 28. 045 27. Try 1/2 in. diameter rods. Gross cross- 28. sectional area is 0,196 in* Tensile stress 29, ‘area is 0.142 in (see Table 2, Appendix A) | Nu Ne 30. Asa 31 Anchor Effective area Ase, ® 80 32, diameter, in a anchors, 33, fu = 120ksi 34, 38 0078 35, 12 0.142 Aroueg = Ne‘@nh 36. 58 0.228 17.5i(0.80 *2* 120) 37 = 0,091 in? 38 39. Use 1/2 in. diameter rods 40. a | Acaigee = 0.142> 0.091 In? 42. | OK 43, 44, 45, 2 46. 47. D.6.1.2 | Because this is a surface-mounted plate, only 48, direct shear D.6.1.2 is applicable. 49. 50. 0.6.1.4 | The nominal shear strength is the sum of the | Shear resistance 51 shear strength provided by the anchors and Vet Vs 52, the friction force between the base plate and 20.60 Asef * 0.400 61CODE 4) SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7 Taken a5 04G, Assume threads in shear 2 plane. 3 4 Shear strength of four anchors SOMA 5. 674°0.142" 120 8 0.9 Kips 7. 8 ‘Strength-reduetion factor 9=075 9 10. Design strength of four anchors | ov. = 0.75*40.9= 30.68 hips "1 42. 0.6.1.4 | Adkdtional shear strength provided by fiction | Vy =0.40C = 0.40T 13 between the base plate and concrete 0.40 (17.5), 14 = 7 kos 15, (See note in Step 1 of Example B2{a) about 16. the prudency of considering the shear "7 strength from fictional resistance) 18 19. D.Sc | Strength-reduction factor 20 21 Design strength provided by fiction 5.25 kips 22 B Design shear strength ofthe connection Vs + @ Vo = 30.68 + 5.25 = 35.99 kips 24 {four anchors and fictional resistance) > 124 kips 25 OK 26 21 28, get 29. STEP2: Design base plate" 30 31 32 33 34 35, AISC LRFD | Nominal flexural strength of base plate, per 36. Chapter F | AISC LRFD Code, is, My Mp=FyZ. The 37 tension in the anchors based on the applied 38 ‘moment, and is not based on the fll tensile 39 | capacity of the anchor 40, | 4 | a2 43. D @ 44, Men = Td 45 = (17.5)(1.0) 46. = 175 in-kips 47, AISCLRFD 48. Chapter F 49 “The wp factor for flexure py is 0.90 OM= OFZ 50. QF {br M4) =0.9 (36)(7)64 51 6.7 52 53. Required plate thickness per AISC: 56.7" _=17.5 62CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION t = 055i, Use 7" X7" X 5/8" plate breakout failure Dst 13, 0361 po 31 Ds24 32, DS.2.5 33, 05.26 34. 0527 37. 05.22 Calculate design tension on anchors assuming two studs resist tensile loads. 7 2 3 4 = 5S. STEP 3: Determine required embedment length for the studs to prevent concrete 6. 7 8 9. Galculate the concrete breakout strength of anchors in tension so that embedment is, ductile, Concrete breakout strength for a group of anchors Try 1/2 in. diameter headed rod with 8-1/2 in effective length hy, Modification factors are all 1.0 for Eccentricity effects Edge effects V2 Concrete cracking Ys Without spiiting reinforcement eax. Basic concrete breakout strength Na of a single anchor in tension in cracked concrete, k = 24 for cast-in anchors Concrete breakout strength for group. N, = MA sed (03) =2"0.142* 120 = 34.1 kips Ne =0.85Ney Neon rat 34,100.85 = 42.6 Kips, 4, Neva? Sees (05) Ao = they? co) =9° 85 = 850 in? Au =(274.8*85 +5(2"1.5°85) =778 in? Ayn = 7781650 = 1.20 (0-8) = 24 (4000)"*(h)"> = 1918(hy)"* Ibs = 152° 8.5"* kips = 37.6 kips 63CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION Nesp Ay YPN, Ane aa Neg = 1.207 1.0" 1.07 1.0" 37.6 = 45.1 > 42.6 kips OK ‘Therefore, embedment is ductile Strength controlled by steel Use 4 -1/2 in, diameter anchors with 8- 1/2 in, embedment depth at 5 in. spacing Check pullout strength of anchor bss DS35 Caleulate the pullout strength of the anchor in tension in accordance with D.8.3. Desig embedment as ductile in accordance with B61 Conerete is cracked per problem statement. = 10 Calculate the bearing area. Assume heavy hex head for the rod. Appendix A, for 1/2 in diameter rod, F = 7/8 in,, C = 1.0 in (3F*/2)tang0° (3 0.875%/2\(0.577) = 0.663 in? 0.5" /4= 0.196 in? Arent reo Aes Pullout capacity for two anchors Determine required bearing area Try a hardened washer, with diameter D. (Table 5 SAE hardened washer) Ae = Atest = Mae 0.663 - 0.198, =0.47 in? -see also Table 4(c) Ny =1792"0.47 15.0 kips each anchor O.85Njn= 0.85" 2" 15.0 =25.5 O4hy 084. 21. 054 | face blowout Bin, > 0.4(6.128) = 2.45 in. 22, Side-face blowout Nay need not be 2. checked Poa af 25. STEP 6: Check concrete shear breakout 65CODE. ,_| DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION SECTION 1. _ To determine the ertical concrete breakout strength, three modes of failure should be considered. 2. They are shown below. The first mode places the failure cone at the front anchors, and a strength check 3, is made against 1/2 of the applied shear V,.. The second mode considers the failure cone initiating at 4. the back anchors, and a strength check fs made against the total shear V,,. The final mode is & 5. conservative check, which assumes that all of the shear is acting at the front anchors. This check might 6. be considered if significantly oversized holes are used as in a column base plate. 7, 8. 9. 10. 1 ee oa ee tiie aw SEGTIONAA * Shest to be resisted = 12.45.25 = 7.15 kips Each row resists, 0.5° 7.15 =3.6 kips Concrete Steel Anpiied breakout strength Toad ©, 0.850Vinge Ver @Ve2 Vur_Vu asecheseae: hescreesahscck: 2 49 205 154 38 38 Mode 2 [eee : | 4 Caan DUCTILE -OK fer strength, see pages 7& 8 ‘SECTIONAA : * see note above an Const Stoo! pes ee bral evength read | wet © 0.85Vaags Ver OVe2 Mua in, kK KKK 1B 224 205 154 720 43, Mode 3 DUCTILE - OK for Strength SEGTIONAA 49. 0.62 | Mode 1: 50. Because the plate is not rigidly connected to 51 the anchor, check the anchors nearest to the 52 edge using 1/2 the applied shear. 66CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION poo 32 33. 062 36. 36. 37 38. 36, | 40. 41 42 43 44. D625 45, 46. D626 47. 48, D627 49, 50. 51 52 53, 54, Therefore, o=18. Note that the depth of A, is limited by h. Eccentricity on anchor group W's ‘Second edge effect Ys Second edge effect 7 assumed cracked | Note: by definition, ¢ is limited to Bd,= 4 in, Duetlty check From Step 1 V,= 40.912 = 20.5 kips (two anchors) strength Mode 2: Nox, check against failure at the back anchors under the full shear. Therefore, = 23. Note that the depth of A, is limited by h Eccentricity on anchor group Ys Second edge effect Ye Second edge effect ¥; assumed cracked Noto: by definition, ¢ is limited to 8d = 4 in. A, = (Beyts)(h) = (3° 18 +5)(18) An 45 c2= 4.5°18? = 1458 in? (0-22) = 1062 in? Alyy 1062/1458=0.73 Ws= 1.0 No eccentricity We= 1.0 c2> 1.5c; {D-26) ws1.0 n=(2) Velie 02 n) (ci) S03 00008"'* V, =36.2kips Figg =0.73(1.0)(1.0}(1.0)(36.2) Veog = 26.4 Kips 0.88 Ving=0.85(26.4) 224 > V, =20.5 kips Ductile, OK @ Vy = 0.75 * 20.5 = 15.40 kips (0-21) Aupyyy, A Ser+s)(h) (3* 23 + 5)(18) = 1332 in? Ag= 4S c;2= 45°29 = 2381 In? (0-22) AL A= 0.58 52 1.0 No eccentrciy 67CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE : CALCULATION T T 2 | Wee 1.0 c> 1.51 3 (0-28) 4 5. = 1.0 8 7 on : a) ENR (08) 10. . 1 12 13, ae 14 v,=14) Josvaoo3) 15 's (4) '.5-+/4000(23)' 16. 7 i | 18. Ductility check Vy =82.3 kips 18. 20, From Step 1, V, = 40.9/2 = 20.5 kips 4g =0.56(1.0X1.090.03(523) 21 {two anchors) 22. Veog = 29.2 Kips. 23 lees = 23.2 Kips 24 Strength 9 Vang? 0.75 * 29.2 = 21.9 kips 26, Note to reader: See Problem B2(a) for | 0,85Va=0.85(29.2) 27 discussion of the assumptions regarding 324.9 > V,= 20.5 Kips 28. the distribution of shear stresses in the 7 steel anchors in a Mode 2 failure. Ductile, OK 3 Mode 3 assumption: | = 0.75 * 20.5 = 15.40 kips 32 An alternate assumption is that all ofthe 33 shear is taken by only the anchors on the 34 compression side. With this assumption, 35, there is no interaction check because the 36. anchors in tension are not in shear and the 37, ‘anchors in shear are notin tension. This 38. approach, however, requires that Made 3 39. failure for the concrete shear breakout 40. strength (Stop 3) be checked. Mode 3 will 41 have lower conerete breakout strength and is 2 more ikely to lead to a nonductil design, 43 although inthis particular example, itis 44 duet. 45 46, 2 47._ STEP 7: Check group pryout 48. 49. 0.6.3 | Concrete pryoutof the anchors in shear must | Vers = (0-29) 50, be chacked: Mode 1 is checked herein, Mode 51 2 can be similarly checked kop #2 forhy> 28in. 52 53. (Note: The code states that Nex is taken from | New = 45.1 Kips 68CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION Eq. (D5)) ve = 2745.1 = 90.2 kips 78*90.2 7.7 kips > 12.4 kips OK __ STEP 8: Summary 22. Step 1 23. Step 3/0.4.5.a 25. Step 30.4.5.¢ 27 Stop 410.4.5.6 29. Step 5/0.4.5.¢ 31 32. 04.1.2 33, 34, 35, 36. 37. D442 38. 39, 40, a Step 1045.0 43. Step 60.4.5 45. Step 710.4.5.6 46. 47. 48, 49, 50, 51 52. 53, Rod diameter dy= 1/2 in. Plate thickness t = 5/8 in Effective length h = 8-1/2 in, TENSION Applied load Stee! strength Conerete breakout strength Conerete pullout stength Conerete side-face blowout strength Design strength of stud, tension SHEAR - Mode 2 (frictional resistance considered) Applied load Steel strength, wo anchors Concrete breakout strength Conerete pryout strength Design strength of stud, shear 6g fase Ny =17.5 kips (trom applied moment) @N, = 0.80" 34.1 = 27.3 ips Neg 0.75 * 45.1 = 33.8 Kips Np) =0.75 * 58.9 41.9 Kips 12 O.4hy- $0 this is Not Applicable Oa = min(ONs. ON: ON) = min(27.3, 338, 41.9) = 27.3 kips > Ny= 17.5 kips 0K Vy 2124-5252 72kips Ve =0.75" 205) = 15.40 kips (eq = 0.75 "29.2 = 21.9 kips WVogq =0.75* 90.25 67.7 kips Wn = min (PV, WVeay WV) = min (15.4, 21.8, 67.7) = 15.4 kips > V,=7.2 KipsCODE SECTION | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION OK Check for tension-shear interaction ‘Tension-shear interaction, Mode 2 17.5127.3+7.215.4=1.11<1.2 OK "ASTM F 1554-00 specification, Grade 105, Class TA, rod material will be used. Rod identification is (AB105) witha tensile strength inthe range of 125 to 150 ksi, and minimum yield strength of 105 ksi for 4 to 3 in. diameters. Reduetions in area requirements vary. For anchor diameters 24 in h = 16in. Base plete 12x 12in, Bolt spacing $= Bin, Concrete material ‘4000 psi (concrete) ‘2000 psi (grout) Bolt material (F1554 Gr. 36 anchor rods) 5 36 ksi f= BBksi Plate Fy = 36ksi 7 kips 18 in, (height of stub column above surface of concrete) My, Wyxe = 126.0 iIn-kips No 3.0 kips ‘Where M., Nu and V, are the required factored external loads using load factors from Chapter 9 of the code. ‘Assumptions: * Concrete is cracked + @-factors are based on Condition 8 in D.4.4 of the code (no supplementary reinforcement) Ductile embedment design is in accordance with D.3.6.1 72RON she s 1h oz isha 4.Shat PLAN Puy SECTION A-A SECTION A.A, CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 5,_ STEP 1: Design for moment and tension ‘The plate size is 12 x 12 in., and the spacing s Of the anchors is 8 x 8 in. ‘Assume plate thickness tis 1 in. ‘The frst step is to calculate the tension force in the anchors and compression reaction force in the concrete from the applied forces. ‘The base plate is just large enough in area to accommodate the column profile, that is, small 73DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION ‘base pate (per AISC). For the shear toward the ‘edge of the slab, the resultant tension from the moment is taken by the two left-hand side (Line 2) bolts, and the compression is taken in bearing on the effective bearing area. The bearing area is taken to the edge of the plate. ‘The effective bearing area is taken as a distance t around the compression flange. This is an approximation. The error introduced into the calculation is negligible. The exact location of the compression resultant is dificult to determine. For design, take the resultant to act at the outside edge of the compression flange. This approximate analysis, is deemed adequate. Determine the moment arm a. Determine the tension in the bolts and Compression in the concrete, Me a Check the effective bearing area based on |, _ 126 in-kips the location of the resultant compression 'n om assumed previously. The bearing capacity is as given in the noted code section. An. | Nx = 144/08 assumption has been made in this example 40, 10.17.1_ | that the grout under the plate, though Cy =Na 41. 8325 | unconfined, does not control because itis at | c < 29(0.859:)4, 'm $ 26(0-85%. rwang 42 least 9000 psi in compressive strength. ° 43. Check the conerete instead. The gfactors | Anon =(6r* 21K, +1+4,) i are as given in Chapter 9. ois 0.65 for Areonag = (3.96 + 20.27 +1+1) | bearing. Due to confinement, use the 2 oy | maximum allowed factor, 2. Fave = 13.53 4 ot Cry $ 2{0.65Y0.85.4 4S! Aesang 50. Cn $2(0.05X0.85,r4 13.53 in* ay Cu $59.8hi05 53. kivs < S9.8hios OK 74CODE DESIGN PROCEDURE N | SECTION CALCULATIO! 2 Nw = Nm +f (intwobotts) 3 4 Ny = 14kips + 308 5 2 6 Ng = 15.Skips 7. 8 9. +0 © = 6,-NYf (onbearing area) un “The effect ofthe tension force in shifting the ‘Shine 12 location of the compression resultantis deemed | C = 14kips ~ 3 negligible, and hence, itis conservative to 4 algebraically add the bol force distribution from | C = 12.5kips 15 moment to that from tension. N, i the tension in | Wi, < 6M, 16, the column, and Ng, isthe tension in the two 2 . 7 seas Mo = OAs fy (0-3) 18 18 Likewise, the compression on the bearing rea 20 can be reduced directly by the tension force a even though the forces are centered at different 2 locations. «9 is 0.75 for tension sirength in steel 23 be oad fame = "fag 25, Determine the required bolt are2 Avaracs for fe 26. tension. F1554 Gr. 36is @ duct steel Ame = 56 r5(0)58 27. clement. The plactors areas giveninO.aa. |” gee 28 Note that Avge isthe effective tensile area | “wore = 29. 0.8.1.2 | required, and'n's the number of bots resisting 30. the tension force. Note that the bolts resist Use % in. diameter threaded rods. a shear as well, hence the margin in area of bolt 32 provided (Ase). See Step 2 for consideration of 44a (nominal acca) 3%. sheer. ae 34 yg = 03340" (effetve area) 35. Net tensile area of threaded bots canbe found | gi,— bay fy (03) x in Table 2 of Appendix | pace ostossila}se 38. ON,= 29.06hips (two bolts) 39, Hy ON, > Ny 4 29.06 kips > 15.5kips 42 oe OK 44, STEP 2: Design for shear 45. Concrete breakout modes (options) that willbe used in design. 78DESIGN PROCEDURE, CALCULATION ‘SEGHONAA 'b) Shear resisted by two anchors closest to edge SHEAR FORCE TOWARD EDGE Shear resisted by two anchors farthest from edge 76CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION SECTION, c) Shear resisted by two anchors closest to edge Le ‘SECTONAA 1) Shear resisted by two anchors farthest from edge. ‘SHEAR FORCE AWAY FROM EDGE ‘This Is a base plate on grout therefore Section D.6.1 is applicable. Note that surface mounted plates with grout often come with oversized bolt holes." Therefore, in this example it will be assumed that only two anchors are engaged in resisting shear. ‘There are two options for analysis. The frst is to assume the bolts in tension also camry shear and compute the avaliable shear strength from steel based on that assumption. Alternatively, assume that only the bolts in the compression take the shear and compute the shear strength based on that assumption. Both will be checked in the solution presented. ‘Compute the ste! shear capacity 7CODE computation and minimizes the effective width Section _ | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 7.D.6.1.2 | In Options (a) and (@), the bals in tension also 2.06.13 | resist shear. This is critical case for steel 3.06.14 __| strength of anchor. Options (a) and (c) 4 : vse, 5. | Note that the 0.8 factor for grout (0.6.1.3) : e 6 epplies to Ea. (0-19) 9, = 410.8, + 8(040,) 5 4Y, = 6(0.8)0.67 A, f + 6(0.4C-) (0-19) apas “The g-factoris 0.65 for steel in shear and 0.7" 8 for the friction between the base plate and the | 40. ‘concrete $(0.8)0.604,, £, = 0.65(0.8}0.6(2)(0.334)58 | 4 #08)0.50 4, f,=1209hips 12 Section D.6.1.4 states thatthe friction (0.4C) 13. Banwosn te bace ate and to concrete (nis | #04Cr)=070(04(28)-=3 50bps 14 case, grout) shall be permitted to be used to 18. resist shear, Therefore, combine the provisions | V, <#(0.8)0.67 Af, + #(0.4C,) (D-19) % of D.6.1.4 with Eg, (D-18) to obtain the shear | 7'<12.09+3.50 i strength 8, Check fortension-shear interaction based on | 7515394 18 steel strength only forthe bolts loaded in both | OK xm tension and shear. See Step 9. 7 | 22. - 23. STEP 3: Design for base plate 24 The plate thickness was assumed at the 25. beginning of the example problem to be 1 in. 26. To check tho required plate thickness, there are 27. two possible failure modes: 28. 29. 1. Yielding ofthe plate in the tension region 30, ‘around the two tension bolts. a 2. Yielding ofthe plate in the compression esa area 32, region, rr 33, 3s Pryout ofthe bolls in the tension region is wi, = 85. <72hios per bot 38 ‘ignored 2 37 Fellure Mode 1 alr 38. Tension yielding ofthe plate around the bolts in 39. tension 40. “1 Plate bending approximation | 42 ‘Assume that the plate is fixed along the web 48. and the flange of the wide flange shape in 44. tansion and thatthe plate acts as a cantilever 45. between the bolts and the web and flange of the . wide flange. Also assume the effective width b 7 of plate for stress computation is 21 each side of 48. the point of maximum stress. Therefore, b=4t, | % = 2 where tis the thickness of piate. This 0. approximation is conservative because it xe 51 mmaximizgs the moment arm for moment a 78CODE SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION of the plate resisting this moment. Ttlso ignores the clamping effect at the bolt location Failure Mode 2°: ‘The compression is acting in the effective bearing area. The bearing area is taken as fixed along the column web and compression flange. The maximum cantilever distance of the area Icaded in bearing relative to the fixed axis Is the maximum of tor d.. The bearing area atuin) M, = Nalx) = 7.8(0.73i0) M, = 87k-in M, = Nyly) = 7.8(3.88i) M, = 30.1k-in (57 +30." w= fut M, = 30.8k-in $M, = 09F,Z = 09F, 20 gu, = o9(esssi $l = s24k—in eM, 2 My 324K -in OK Use 1 in. thick plate 306k —in C = 128kips t= max(t.d,) esF aw (2a °Vou@e)353 0.24 in. <1.0%. ae OK 79CODE 1 SECTION DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 1 can be taken to be under @ uniform pressure 2. ‘equivalent to C/Ageaang 3. ‘This means thatthe eesumed plate thickness is 4 adequate both for tension and compression on 5 the plate 6. 7 8. STEP 4: Determine required embedment length for the bolts to prevent concrete breakout failure 8. | 10. | The required embedment length for the anchors | jV, = 0.334" 2* 58 =38.7kips n willbe determined using the concrete breakout 12 strength of he anchors in tension. Section |. 18.5kips 13. D.5.2 applies. Steel strengths remain as. we 14 previously calculated, 2 a5: N, < 0.85 Nag (for stee!o control) 16.052 | The shearforce is seismic, and hence, has @ 38.7kips 4. « 17.0.3.6.1 | reversible direction. The critical tension eras teed 18 breakout cone is that closest to the edge. This a 19 is depicted in Options (c) and (d) in Step 2. If l eal 20. the steel strength is less than 85% of the fe 21 nominal concrete tension breakout strength, 2 opm e 22 then the connection will be ductile for tension £ al 23 toad; otherwise, itis nonductle. Notations are T fae 24 consistent with Section RD 5.2.1 i] 8) | soe oF cone 2s 26 27.044 | Assume Condition 8 exists, Also assume that 28 the anchors use a standard A563 nut and a 29, F436 washer atthe end of the anchors to serve 30, as the enchor head. 31 32 Provide embedment hy (Fin sketch) = 12 in. 33 Bolt dimension 34, 35 38. a7 L = 1B5in. (for double mut) 38, 39. 40 44 I 42 a3 (ease ta 44, Modification factors are as computed for: Iceaaeeyoiriare 45.05.24 | Eccentricity effects Wy hy = ¥2in 48.0525 | Edgeeffects ¥ 47.0526 | Concrete cracking Ys Nag We Ws Yeon No (05) 48,D.5.2.7 Post-installed anchor effect Yon Not required 43 inthis case. | 50 51,0524 80CODE = ‘ALCULATION SECTION _ | DESIGN PROCEDURE c 7 1 q 2 peti : t 4 | : | be} 8 7. : FA cterson a breakout cone 1 12, 3 14 15, 16, (o) 2 18 (5p ee )l15n, +5,+15%,) hi. aa | 20. . a (1.5(12)+8)1.5(12)+8+15(12) 22. = 114417 a A if : 24 Ags OF, = O12 = 12960" 25. A= 1296h? Me a 05.5ni ie Nay = 46.80Ki08 > ips 44 | Check strength 45. Ductile. OK. 46. 0.4.4 {91 0.70 for tension strength in concrete against tension breakout Embedment is ductile for tension Tension-shear interaction remains as computed | yy -0.7(46.80kjos) 2 #N, in Step 8 . Wang =32.76hips > 29.08 Kjos Use four rods 34 in. diameter x 18.5 in Jong with her= 12 81CODE Section — | DESIGN PROCEDURE CALCULATION 1. STEP 5: Check pullout strength of anchor ae) N= WN, om 2.0. Calculate the pullout strength of the anchor in . : 3 tension in accordance with 5.3 Aoy 8 (0-48) 4 5 From Table 4b in Appendix A, a concrete 6 strength of 4400 ps is needed to avoid pullout 7 fof ahex head nut. To obtain a ductle design 8 ‘we must either use a heavy Hex nut or provide 1.0 cracked concrete 9 washer. Forthis example problom awasheris | 0.0. = min(s4681.125+21,) 10 provided OD. ~ min(1468.1.125+2(0.136)=1.4 un 12,0.5.2.8 | Width across the flat for an A563 hex nut is 130.5.34 | 1.125in, Use the outside diameter (OD) of the | | 14.0835 | washer and the diameter of the anchor d to 15. compute the bearing area ofthe head : 16 Nye * Va dag 8 17 The OD of a F463 (USS dimensions) circular | y= !0(.)(4000)=352pr 8 washer is 1.468 in. for 8 2/4 in, bot. From Ne * Nye 18 5.2.8, check that the OD is less than diameter 20 for the nut plus two times thickness of washer 1 > As Uerdietereponey 2 ty 2(082)= 70s > 48 Shpe 2,036.1 | Pullout capacity to maintain ductle design in 23. accordance with D.3.6.1. Number of bolts in 24, tension is used inthe computation of pullout. | Pu. OK 25. 26. 418.0.70 fortension strength in concrete against | Van = 0 7(70.4)= 49.3kips z. pullout 49.3kips > @N, = 28.08 kips sai 3/4 in. diameter bolts are OK tor pullout 31. STEP 6: Check concrete side-face blowout 32,054 Check i side-face blowout neads to be 3 8i>04h, =0Alt2)= 487 33, investigated using the code limits given in OK. ‘| 7 investigated us Ignore side-face blowout 35. STEP 7: Check concrete shear breakout 36.062 Because the base plats & not dgidly alached to | V,~ 06nd, fy 37. the anchor bolts, two shear failure cones need | o6(2}(0.334)s8) 38. to be checked. Note that these two shear 7 39, breakout cones need tobe checked aven ital | x= 23-2kips (wobols) 40. the bolis resist sheer. This is done to prevent | ,, oe 41 the Zipper effect in which the concrete Yeeros 27.3kips_(ovobots) 42 supporting the two bolts closest to the edige fails 43. frst and causes the faye ofthe concrete 4a around the two bolts farther from the edge. 45, 46, 47 | two bots feilure cone: Option (a) 48, Note: For Option (a) where the shearis towards | 49 | the edge and tension bolts resist shear, 82