Design of Battens

Required /
Provided /
Sl.No Description Design Remarks Margin %
Capacity loads
1 Batten design - Thickness of battens (mm) 12.00 8.00 OK 33.33
2 Batten design - Length of End batten (mm) 450.00 410.00 OK 8.89
3 Batten design - Length of Intermediate batten (mm) 450.00 307.50 OK 31.67
4 Batten design - Shear capacity of end batten (Mpa) 131.22 27.98 OK 78.68
5 Batten design - Shear capacity of Int batten (Mpa) 131.22 27.98 OK 78.68
6 Batten design - Bending capacity of end batten (Mpa) 227.27 70.74 OK 68.87
7 Batten design - Bending capacity of Int batten (Mpa) 227.27 70.74 OK 68.87

Design forces : Ultimate limit state

Member FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
(units) (T) (T) (T) (T-m) (T-m) (T-m)
Max. Comp. Case-1 PC1 151.15 0.88 0.33 0.01 0.2 0
Max. Tens Case-2 PC1 7.14 0.14 3.54 0 8.09 0.76
Max. FY Case-3 PC1 53.9 9.55 1.73 0.01 4.59 0
Max FZ Case-4 PC1 112 0.52 17.3 0 50.73 0
Max. MX Case-5 PC1 70.01 2.09 0.93 0.39 2.82 6.93
Max. MY Case-6 PC1 112 0.52 17.3 0 50.73 0
Max. MZ Case-7 PC1 51.47 3.46 0.55 0.03 3.02 19.66

Material Properties
Yield strength fy = 250 Mpa e = 1.00
Ultimate strength fu = 410 Mpa
Sectional Properties
1 Y 1

2 2
Z Z

1 Y 1

b d
Over all box dimension 450 450 d/tw 22.50 < 42ɛ
1 Plate 100 20 b/tf 5.00 < 8.4ɛ
2 Plate 20 450
* All dimensions are in millimeters
# b and d dimensions are measured along horizontal and vertical directions respectively.
Area of the section = 26000 mm2
= 0.026 m2
Moment of Inertia IZ-Z = 673816666.67 mm4
(Z-Z axis bending) = 0.00067 m4
Moment of Inertia IY-Y = 1046951666.7 mm4
(Y-Y axis bending) = 0.00105 m4
Elastic Sectional Properties (about Z-Z axis)
Section modulus with comp fibre = 748685.2 mm3
Plastic Sectional Properties (about Z-Z axis)
CG of the top section from top = 80.96 mm
Section modulus with comp fibre = 3745000 mm3
Elastic Sectional Properties (about Y-Y axis)
Section modulus with comp fibre = 1163280 mm3
Plastic Sectional Properties (about Y-Y axis)
 CG of the top half from top = 25.38 mm
Section modulus with comp fibre = 5190000 mm3

Classification of cross-sections

Compression flange b/tf = 5.00 Plastic < 8.4ɛ

Web of box section d/tw = 22.50 Plastic < 42ɛ
The Section is classified as Plastic

Compression parameters as per Cl 507.1.2 of IRC:24-2010

Effective length in Z-Z axis bending (KL) = 1 x 5.46 5.46 m

Effective length in Y-Y axis bending (KL) = 1 x 5.46 5.46 m
Radius of gyration about Z-Z axis (rz-z) = 0.16 m
Radius of gyration about Y-Y axis (ry-y) = 0.20 m
as per Cl 508.5 of IRC:24-2010
Major axis* KL/rZ-Z = 37.31 < 120 Ok
Major axis* KL/ry-y = 29.93 < 120 Ok
* Effective length of all battened or laced members are increased by 10% as per cl 508.4.1 of IRC:24-2010.
Design of batten/Lacing

Single member - Sectional Properties

1 Y

Z Z

2 Primary loads on member: Compression

1 Y
b d
1 Plate 100 20
2 Plate 20 450
* All dimensions are in millimeters
# b and d dimensions are measured along horizontal and vertical directions respectively.
Yield strength fy = 250 Mpa
Ultimate strength fu = 410 Mpa
CG from web outer face = 28.46 mm

Area of the section = 13000 mm2

= 0.013 m2
Moment of Inertia IZ-Z = 336908333.33 mm4
(Z-Z axis bending) = 0.00034 m4
Moment of Inertia IY-Y = 13602564.103 mm4
(Y-Y axis bending) = 0.00001 m4
Radius of gyration rY-Y = 0.161 m
Radius of gyration rZ-Z = 0.032 m

1) Spacing of batten
Spacing (s) = 750.00 mm
Max. slenderness ratio = 37.31 for whole member
Max. slenderness ratio = 23.19 for single member
< 26.12 = Minimum of 50 or 0.7 x 37.31 OK

2) Thickness of batten
Clear gap = 210.00 mm between connected elements
Thickness provided = 12.00 mm for single member
 > 8.00 = Max of 8 or 1/50 x 210 OK

3) Length of End and Intermediate batten

End batten
Distance (A) = 410.00 mm between vertical side plates
Distance (B) = 210.00 mm between connecting rivets/welds
End batten length provided = 450.00 mm
> 410.00 = Max of 410 or 210 OK

Intermediate batten
Distance (A) = 410.00 mm between vertical side plates
2 times the Flange width = 200 mm = 2 x 100
Int. batten length provided = 450.00 mm
> 307.50 = Max of 3/4 x 410 or 200 OK

4) Batten design forces

Actual transverse load = 9.55 T between vertical side plates
Design transverse load (Vt) = 9.55 T Max. of 9.55 or 2.5% max axial load (151.15)
long distance (D) = 1200 mm between c/c of battens
Minimum distance (a) = 379.23 mm between c/c of riverts/bolts/welds
Number of batten planes (n) = 2.00 nos
Design long shear force = 15.11 T =VtD/na
Design moment = 2.87 T-m =VtD/2n

Shear stress in End batten = 27.98 Mpa < 131.22 OK

Shear stress in Int batten = 27.98 Mpa < 131.22 OK
Bending stress in End batten = 70.74 Mpa < 227.27 OK
bending stress in Int batten = 70.74 Mpa < 227.27 OK

4) Weld design
Weld size assumed = 10.00 mm
Throat thickness = 7.07 mm
End batten
b = 100 mm
d = 450 mm
Centroid of weld line (x-x) = b2
2b + d
= 15.38 mm
Centroid of weld line (y-y) = 225.00 mm
Section modulus (Z) = bd + d2/6
= 78750.00 mm2 Typical weld at batten
Polar moment of inertia (Ip) = 8b + 6bd + d
3 2 3
- b4
12 2b + d
= 18231570.513 mm3

Max bending stress in X-X dirn = 50.00 Mpa

Max bending stress in Y-Y dirn = 18.80 Mpa
Shear stress in weld X-X dirn = 32.87 Mpa
Combined stress in X-X direction = 82.88 Mpa
Resultant stresses = 84.98 Mpa =[SQRT(18.8^2+82.88^2]
< 189.37 Mpa =[410/SQRT(3)/1.25] Safe
 Int batten
b = 100 mm
d = 450 mm
Centroid of weld line (x-x) = b2
2b + d
= 15.38 mm
Centroid of weld line (y-y) = 225.00 mm Typical weld at batten
Section modulus (Z) = bd + d2/6
= 78750.00 mm2
Polar moment of inertia (Ip) = 8b3 + 6bd2 + d3 - b4
12 2b + d
= 18231570.513 mm3

Max bending stress in X-X dirn = 50.00 Mpa

Max bending stress in Y-Y dirn = 18.80 Mpa
Shear stress in weld X-X dirn = 32.87 Mpa
Combined stress in X-X direction = 82.88 Mpa
Resultant stresses = 84.98 Mpa =[SQRT(18.8^2+82.88^2]
< 189.37 Mpa =[410/SQRT(3)/1.25] Safe