Sunrise International School
Worksheet
Chapter 5
Name :----------------------------
Class :---------------------------
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Lesson 1
The Respiratory System
Q.1 Fill in the blank to complete each statement.
1. Air is exchanged between blood and air in tiny sacs of lung tissue known as _
alveoli _________.
2. Cells that line the trachea have ____ cilia _______, which sweep mucus up to
the pharynx.
3. Water and __ carbon dioxide _ pass from the blood into the air in an alveolus.
4. When you ___ inhale __________, your chest cavity becomes larger so air
rushes into your body.
5. A(n) ____ capillary ______ is a small tube that connects arteries to veins.
Q.2 Put (T) for true sentences or (F) for false sentences.
1. Cellular respiration is the process through which cells release chemical energy
stored in oxygen. ( F )
2. Air passes from the nose into the bronchi. ( F )
3. The trachea is a large, dome-shaped muscle that expands and contracts during
breathing. ( F )
4. The vocal cords stretch across the opening of the larynx. ( T )
5. The nose produces a sticky material called mucus, which moistens the air and
traps particles. ( T )
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Q.3 Answer the following questions.
1. How does cellular respiration differ from breathing?
Cellular respiration is the process inside cells through which glucose is broken
down using oxygen to release energy breathing is the process in which air flows
into and out of the lungs.
2. What are the two functions of the respiratory system?
The respiratory system provides oxygen to the body and eliminates carbon
dioxide and water from the body
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. Through what structures does air pass to get to the lungs?
__ nose, pharynx, trachea, and bronchi __________________________________
4. What gases are exchanged in the respiratory system?
__oxygen move from air to the blood and carbon dioxide moves from the blood
into the air ______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5. How do you inhale and exhale?
_contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm and rib muscles causes inhalation
and exhalation
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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Q.4 Label the diagram with the parts of the respiratory system.
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Lesson 2
Smoking and Your Health
Q.1 Fill in the blank to complete each statement.
1. Tar causes __ cilia _________ in the breathing airways to clump together.
2. Carbon monoxide binds to ____ hemoglobin _______ in red blood cells.
3. Heart rate and blood pressure rise because of ___ nicotine _____, which is a
stimulant drug in tobacco.
4. People with __ emphysema ___________ are always short of breath because
their lung tissue is damaged.
5. A nonsmoker who inhales smoke from other people’s cigarettes is involved in
____ passive _______ smoking.
Q.2 Match the following.
A B
( f ) addiction a. a dark, sticky substance produced when tobacco
burns
( c ) bronchitis
b. a dangerous, colorless, and odorless gas
( b ) carbon monoxide
c. irritation of the breathing passages
( e ) emphysema
d. a drug that increases heart rate and blood pressure
( d ) nicotine
e. a disease that occurs when lung tissue is damaged
( a ) tar
f. a physical dependence on a substance
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Q.3 Put (T) for true sentences or (F) for false sentences.
1. Nicotine is a dark, sticky substance that forms when tobacco burns. ( F )
2. When tobacco is burned, carbon monoxide is produced. ( T )
3. Over time, smokers can develop an addiction to nicotine. ( T )
4. People with atherosclerosis have narrow or clogged breathing passages over a
long period of time. ( F )
5. Because cilia cannot function properly, smokers have a frequent headache.(F )
Lesson 3
The Excretory System
Q.1 Choose the correct answer.
1. What is the chemical that comes from the breakdown of proteins and
must be eliminated?
A. nephron B. salt
C. water D. urea
2. What substance is produced by sweat glands in the skin?
A. carbon dioxide B. perspiration
C. urine D. protein
3. In which structure is blood filtered within the kidneys?
A. nephron B. ureter
C. bladder D. gland
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4. What is the process through which the body maintains stable internal
conditions?
A. gas exchange B. circulation
C. homeostasis D. recycling
Q.2 Fill in the blank to complete each statement.
1. The process of removing waste is called ___ excretion ______ .
2. Water, urea, and other wastes are eliminated in a fluid called ___ urine
__________.
3. Two __ ureters _______ connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
4. Nephrons are located within the ____ kidneys _____, which are the two main
organs of the excretory system.
5. Urine flows through the ______ urethra _______ and out of the body.
6. The ___ liver ______________ makes urea and breaks down old red blood
cells.
Q.3 Label the diagram with the parts of the excretory system.
kidneys
ureter
Urinary bladder
urethra
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Chapter Review
Q.1 Choose the correct answer.
1. Which substances are produced during respiration?
a. water and oxygen
b. oxygen and red blood cells
c. carbon dioxide and water
d. carbon dioxide and red blood cells
2. Which part of the respiratory system is also part of the digestive system?
a. nose c. pharynx
b. bronchi d. trachea
3. Where in the respiratory system does gas exchange occur?
a. in the heart c. in the alveoli
b. in the pharynx d. in the trachea
4. Which chemical in tobacco smoke binds to hemoglobin, causing red blood
cells to carry less than their normal load of oxygen?
a. tar c. nitrogen
b. nicotine d. carbon monoxide
5. How can smoking lead to emphysema?
a. by damaging the diaphragm
b. by slowing the heart rate
c. by destroying lung tissue
d. by increasing hemoglobin levels
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6. What is the main function of the excretory system?
a. to protect the nervous system
b. to strengthen skeletal muscles
c. to bring oxygen to body cells
d. to collect and remove wastes from the body
7. What function do the kidneys perform?
a. eliminate carbon dioxide
b. supply oxygen to body cells
c. remove urea and other wastes
d. play a role in gas exchange
8. What term do scientists use to describe the chemical process in which
oxygen and glucose react to release energy inside body cells?
a. inhaling c. breathing
b. exhaling d. cellular respiration
9. During gas exchange, which substance moves from the alveoli into the
blood?
a. carbon dioxide c. water
b. oxygen d. nitrogen
10. A tumor that develops in the lungs may be a sign of ______________.
a. bronchitis. c. heart disease.
b. lung cancer. d. emphysema.
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Q.2 Fill in the line to complete each statement.
1. Aside from excess water, the excretory system eliminates the chemical
__urea___________, which comes from the breakdown of proteins.
2. The movement of air into and out of the lungs is called _breathing__________.
3. Dust in air that enters the nose is trapped by a sticky substance called
___mucus___________.
4. Cigarette smoke contains over 50 different chemicals that cause __cancer__ or
tumors in the lungs.
15. Urea, excess water, and other waste materials are eliminated in a watery fluid
called ___urine___________.
Q.3 Put (T) for true sentences or (F) for false sentences.
1. The respiratory system removes oxygen and water from the body. ( F)
2. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in capillaries that surround tiny sacs
called bronchi. ( F )
3. One reason that nicotine is harmful is that it speeds up heart activity. ( T )
4. The amount of water in the kidney depends on conditions inside and outside
the body. ( T )
5. When the diaphragm contracts, air pressure in the chest increases. ( F )
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