Scribd
Upload
2K views46 pages

Signal and System

Uploaded by

Saquib Kamal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
2K views46 pages

Signal and System

Uploaded by

Saquib Kamal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
WORKBOOK 7 Wey) =! Electrical Engineering Signals & Systems Publications WORKBOOK Electical Engineering Contents a~ Important Formulae ava. 1. Continuous Time Signals & Systems cement ° 2 Discrete Time Signals and Systems 15 3 Continuous Time Fourier Series. 19 4 Fourier Transform and Sampling Theorem 23 5. Laplace Transform 2% Discrete Time Fourier Transform 33 7. eTransform 38 8 Discrete Fouri “ Signals & Systems IMPORTANT FORMULAE 1, Continuous Time Signals & Systems Elementary Signals 1. Unit step function uo yo fii too 1 4 + 2. Unit impulse function avo aU POlaRS BURGOS @ Derivative of the convolution ait) _ dxlt) , at A= =x) of ae | Convolution of two delayed functions | Vit) = x4(0) * x(t) at =f) * alt v(t=G+6)) Time scaling property y= x4() *x,(0) pid * xpfat) = rented |; sa#0 jn: t=0 a) = o teo Properties of the impulse function © Special Cases {)._ Impulse function is @ continuous function and 7 the area under this function is equal to one’ HBC = J (2) E- 2) ae = a) J Xoat =1 + = B(t) + 8(t) = J (+) B(t - )de = (1) (i), Time reversal, at) = 4 (ii) Scaling wat) = 16); forazo 2. Discrete Time Signals & Systems ll For discrete-time Continuous-time LTI system nz0 Convolution of two'funetions, x(t) and.x,(t) n<0 1 Properties of the convolution integral * Commutative property 0 " YUt) = wilt) # x9 (0) = xa(t) * lO) Continuous Time| Discrete Time a Ber | Mec) | ad eaba) © Distributive property Rea |_ part ane a valued “ous -] w= a= [50 + Deol + x50]= (0) + 2200) +0) #3500 | pet | | Ben [aie cc) dele til * Associative property Comex conuigate] “3 aoe ste ye Vallee F wie alt) * (xa(t) * x9(0) = (ail) * x2(0) * x9(0) comiato| FED | uel sta 4 Electrical Engineering n=0 n#0 Aol " Discrete-time LTI system ¥inl= Py silk] xeln- k] = xln] + xa[n] 3. Fourier Series Fourier Series Representation of Continuous Time Periodic Signals By using Fourier series, a non-sinusoidal periodic function can be expressed as an infinite sum of sinusoidal function. Trigonometric Fo: ‘Any practical periodic function of frequency @, can be expressed as an infinite sum of sine (or) cosine functions that are integral multiples of a H(t) = a + 5; (a C08 wot + b, Sin@ef) a where, a, = Fundamental frequency 45, 4, b,, = Tigonometii¢ Fourier series cootticfent, pe, =n" harmonic of a, 77 a = ziioat o 2F = 7 [cosnant dt at by =p ]sinnost dt 2. Polar form of Trigonometric Fourier Series Hi) =c0+ ¥en ces(roat— tn) © Signals & Systems raneva JoWW Ovi 3 MADE EASY where, % =a lo,| = faa +e? Magnitude spectrum - on (®] a Phase spectrum “a 1 he 2ey Bey Magritude spectrum ety 3. Exponential Fourier series Eom Feat n between Expor Fourier Series and Trigonometric Gy = (Ca + Cn) | + 7 2 a 27! n of Discrete by = ip ~ Cn) | 5 Fou r Series Represent: Time Periodic Signals Fourier series representation of x[n]. with period Nis given as atol= "Soy ety io where, = z yan ony MADE EASY T rank improvement Workbook 5 Publlsations ,i8 periodic with period ‘N’, Ck = Suen [x(0)|at 52 xP at | Sef) x(a) P dw FI [x(t]]=X(o) = f x(t) oat g Seton Roeta |g iixear = 2}[ ee rem | ee + Inverse Fourier transform g a ox wow : ty 13 3 Xineroit) | Ayer 2ef-0) LET [X(o)]= x(t) = f X(a) o!*aa one where, x(t) X,(A)orX,(w) Hilbert Transform fatty} = ate) «4 1 + Impulse response) | h(t) = > pi pi Mt) =F oro Hija) = : 9) : asd ichlets Conditions of Fourier Transformation For existence of Fourier transform © Fourier transform is defined for all stable signals x0) X{NorXla) 5, Discrete Time Fourier Transform Discrete Time Fourier Transform DTFT of an aperiodic signal x[n] is given by x(e*)= ¥ xine rnverse DIFT of X(2/#) is given by xin] 73 og | X00" Rp DIFTis always periodic with period '2n' G Electrical Engineering Signals & Systems Properties of DTFT Frepry | Rae iat Fao Fantom Treaty oT yO “Tieme eniting n= My) om xi) Feeney oiig [= coin Tal Tae oe ca ne sie expanon |aytno) where, x(t) >» X(s) with ROC R x(t) > X,(s) with ROC R, x,(t) + X,(5) with ROC R, Initial value theorem 0%) = lim sF(s) Final value theorem Mo) = (~)= fim sF(s) 7. z-Transform Z+transform Z-transtorm of a general discrete time signal x= Fate Unilateral Z-transform Flo + ja)= f hee" *at = 6-*"F(a) - = X(z)= ¥ alnle” whee, $9 04 jo Ao cemmon mROE EES nae MADE EASY TRankimprovement Workbook 7 Publlsations Left shift xin 1] 2X{2] - 2x(0) Right shift xn — 1] 225. 27'X(z) + x(-1) xin = 2] 225 2°8X(z) + x(-1) + x(-2) First difference x(n] = x[n = 1] = (1= 2) X(2) Conjugation x l= X(Z) I value theorem it xa] =0 x0) = tim X(z) for n<0 Final value theorem af lim(1 = 2-7) X(z) TaeTane WTAOS & fag wan NoRDerY Sv JON OI where, x[n] -> X(z) with ROC R x{[n] + X,(z) with ROC A, x,{n] > X,(2) with ROC R, 8, Discrete Fourier Transform Discrete Fourier Transform DFT of aperiodic x(n] with period Nis given by Sa enity fe x(k) varies from k = 0 to N=4, Inverse DFT of periodic X(k) with period Nis given by sola XW oly Properties of DFT © Forreal fin) FIk]=F*(N-K] FO] = flO] + (1) +... + IN- 1) = lim(z= 0X2) or Inverse Z-transform xin} aah 22 Properties of Z-transform Fy Tonal | Frnctoom | ROE ay | ane aaia, ner] Ro rinesitag | n= rm | oR sexing 40 ag) re erent | ea ae) | eter fet sainefh tot |e “a xe | ok verrner | xeamin | Rory alsin etx) | Rn fel>0) — “a angels} toenaion | ne e fed uenin ou and if Vis even then FIN/2) = f(0) = f(1) + £(2)- * Time reversal of sequence axi(-n)ly © XK al[-oly=x1N- 1] © Circular time shift * Circular frequency shit afr] 228% 6 X([kK—M]y, + Complex conjugate property #[n] XT Ally * Circular Convolution xl] © X,lKI 219] © XL) xg{M] ® yg] © Xy1K]- XC] ‘Multiplication of two sequences xlnlxinle AxIkl ey X[k) 8 Electrical Engineering @ Signals & Systems MADE EASY Publizetions. ircular Convolution Fast Fourier Transform ‘The Fast Fourier Transform is a discrete Fourier transform algorithm which reduces the number of compulations needed to find the transform. For Npoint DFT wa flr] @y hin] = > fLATAL(n — kl fa @ yfopresent circular convolution of order N. Al(n— k)]y represent circular shift of order NV to lo Number of mutislications = “log, N Parseval’s Theorem a Sylar]? = wy SMAI? % rm jeu palang WOUdOD Number of additions = Niog, N fag man Hor kava TOW Ol fe a pea vajsanuTed a Sconah MADE ERSe ‘wiradeenpiaionson EEN o=- | @.1_Aninput-output response of a systemis shown below “0 x0 The impulse response of the system is (a) 28(9 + 8(t- 1) + 8(t-2) (o) 28()-8(t- 1) + 8(¢— 1) + (t+ 2) -B(t-2) 2-2) asta aft-3}a[t-g } +29 + arg) a(t-3}+ a(t} +9(3) + re3}2('-3}+ (te) The convolution of () with ise is given to be Jif) dt. Then whats 407 (a) The uhitramp function (0) Equalto4 (6) The unit step function (@) The unit impuise function () te @ a2 @.3_ A trapezoidal pulse x(1) as shown below is applied toa diferentiatr, yt) = 2 x(t) 9 at I 7 The energy of the signal y(1) is J pear ponles 84 fis 08 Fa OURBEN TRO MON UF DyaRa ASA TOMI OI RUDOIaRS HBUKEOO & ‘ois wan 00) OGM I A OR a4 as as a7 as as SNe a Continuous Time Signals & Systems A signal x() is defined in the range -5 << and has energy of 16 units. I anew signal y(0) is formed by transforming x(@) and is given as ylo= (3) thenithe energy of the new signal 0 will be units Consider the integral y(t) = [7 e“8(2t- Jat The value ot integral is The energy of the signal o-*' + o~*"will be 1 a4 ) > (o) 2 (@) @ Simplified form of expression Jota a4 8te+ Nu) u(2— oat willbe fa) 0 (o) 4 (c) (d) of tet Let x({) = 7e4, then value of will be (a) 7cost (b) Tel (e) Tet (9) 7sint The signal (f) = x(-2t + 3)is shown below x9 4 t 4 0 1 ‘The Graphical representation of signal x(t) wil be 10 Electrical Engineering © Signals & Systems a 4 @) > a t 7 5 x0 4 (b) — — t of ® a0 4 iC) _ Le, 0 xf) 4 (9s) > Ly 5 0 @.10 A system with input-output relation is given by y(t) = Retx(t)} The system is (@) Linear and invertible (b) Linear and Noh-invertible (©) Noninear and invertible (6) Noninear and Non-invertible raneva JoWW Oven MADE EASY @.12 In a relaxed LTI system, the input is given by (0) = U(t+ 2) and the impulse response is given by - (t-4) (t+4) rp reo 9 +rect| toot whore, oot) =41' ~2'S2 0; otherwise For what range of time’ is the output 49 not zero? (a) -2toe {b) Sto (©) Ttow (6) Phto -5 @.13 Letx({) be given’as shown below x(0) 10 0 then x(1 — will be given as x) (a) (0) ' m1 Consider the input-oulput relationship for a system. Its impulse response will be x(t) y= J xe9-e8 9 de : = ayy fut ult ) (a) e*“u(t) (b) e~*[u(f) - u(t- 2)] ' (c) eu(t- 2) (a) 3(t) -Y2 1/2 3/2 comer ROE ERS Someone MADE EASY @.14 Consider the following circuit with inputx(t) = i(¢) and output yt) = V.(0) © The system is (@) Memoryless (b) Only causal (6) Onlylinear —_(d) Causal LTI system @.15_ An LTI system has step response (1 - e~) u(t) The response of the system for following input x(t) at t= 2s, x(0) aj @16 The impulse response of causal LT! systems given as h(f) = u(t) u(t 6). The inputto this system is shown below. x0) ‘The output of the system at @.17 Consider the following signal: The signal x(t) is expressed as, x(t) = 2u(f) + (t= 2) u(t 2) ~ (t= ult 4) If u(t)is a unit step function, then the value of t, will be —____E Rerirmproverent Workbook Paneva dow Oven 3 ll @.18 Consider the following signals (i) (1) = Asintlor-» < te = Ae4"\for a> 0 di) fe X(t) = ult) (iv) x40) = Acostsintior = f< Which of these signal(s) is/are power signal? (@) x(0) (0) x0) (2) x0 @ x0 Isa, .19 Consider a system Swhose input is x(t) and output is 4) and they are related as, Ad) = b(t) then the system Sis. (@) linear (0) time invariant (6) nondinear (@) time variant ims} @.20 Consider a continuous time LT! system with 1; Ostst x)= {i * seowhere 274 0 = The output y(t) = x(t) + A(t), Then which of the following statement(s) is/are true? (a) maximum value of y(t) = 1 (©) (0) exists from 0 sto <6. (¢) area under y(t) is 6 units (6) Kf) exists from 1 1 2 (8) For the signal fj x(/at=1 a Imsal 12 Electrical Engineering © Signals & Systems @.22 The de component of the function 2 |sint| is fa) 0 (b) 4 @ 2 () 2 @.23 Let there be an LTI system with impulse response given as h({) = (t~ 1) + (t+ 1) with an inputx(f) = u(t 1)— u(t 1). Then the output of the system y({) is given as wo I (a) = wo 2 4 (b) 150 051! wo) 1 ©) za ot wo —_seo YF () = 0 ae @.24 A continuous-time linear system S$ with input x(t) and output y(t) yield the following input output pair x)=0"* Sy) Mo Sy) It x(t) = cos(2(:- )) the corresponding 2 output y( at f= 1/3 is raneva dow Oven MADE EASY Q.25 Alineartime-invariant system is having impulse response h,({), input to the system is x(t) and output to the system is y4(0, volt) = uf) — ult 4) [u(d) is the unit step function). ‘Anew input signal x,(t~ 2) and is applied to the system with impulse response AU) = hglt+ 1) Then the output waveform of the system yi) is x0 (a) x0 (e) () 3 " @.26 Consider a systems equation as 2 ery HO sayy the given system is (@) Linear, Time - variant (©) Nonlinear, Time-invariant (6) Norsineat, Time-variant (6) None of these +2y(t) (f) MADE EASY @.27 A signal x(t) is given by x(0) = 3sin| cr rt) 5 Range of T’ for which the signal becomes even function of time will be 5 a) T=Sntornodd f@ T=3 b) T=Snforneven (o) T=3 5 » T=8n torn odd (@ T=8ntorno ro) Bn for neven @.28 A continuous time signal x(t) is given by x(0) = A(t + 4) — B(t~ 4). Another signal y(9 is defined as j x(t v(t Energy of signal y(t) will be @ 4J () 8d (©) 12d (d) 164 @.29 The input output relation of a continuous time. system is given by vo Jxoar The system is (a) Linear, Timeiinvariant & Stable (b) Linear, Time variant & Unstable (c) Non-Linéar, Time invariant & Stable (@) Linear, Time invariant & Unstable Linked Answer Questions (30 and 21): Two LTI systems are connected in cascade withimpulse response h,(t) and (9) respectively as shown below fo MO) Impulse response h,(t)= eu) —____E Rerirmproverent Workbook raneva JoWW Oven 72a FEU 004 Fh 13 @.30 Overall impulse response of the system willbe fa) eu) to) () 0 (@) uh @.31 Overall output y(t) in terms of overall input x(0) willbe 1 fa) x() fo) px fe) 2x(0) () 0 @.32 A continuous time signal x(0)is given by t x= area ; }see(3) The energy of signal is @.33 Which of the following statements concerning LT! system is correct 14 IP f(y is the impulse response of an LT! system and h(() is periodic and non-zero, then the system is unstable. 2. The inverse of a causal LT always causal 8, The cascade of a non causal LTI system with a causal ones necessarily non-causal (a) only {b) 1 and 2 only (©) 2and3only (a) 1 and Sonly system is @.34 The response of an LT! system for input ay(0 = u(t + 1) —u(t= 1) is given as g(i). Ifthe input to the same system is x,(t) as shown below, and response being y(f), then 40) = at (a) 65 3 Bsr] 14 Electrical Engineering © Signals & Systems MADE EASY Publlzatons @.35 Consider the impulse response of a continuous time LT! system is of the form as shown below: | CC) 2 A 2 7 2 where A and Tare unknown. When the above | 2 system is subjected to the input x,(:) given | below, it produces output y,(0) 8 x) & 3 & 2 zg 3 1 3 as 3 ' i 1203 £ 2 z ‘The output y,(t) is zero at t= 5. When the input | = xt z is ag() = sin( J), the output yo = to9 at t= 9. Then the value Ax 3 3 Senna MADE EASE ovenadenp sere SNe a Discrete Time Signals and Systems | @S Theconvolution yin] = ufn] + uln-4] be [nk] EBD) quesions | 3 u[n~ 4], then the value of kis 1A discrete time LTI system has impulse [Z| 8 What ype of system the diference equation . g yin) = x(n) + x(n 2) - 2 represents? 7 4 itt th 3 (a) Linear time-invariant system response h[n] = 3 ufn]. If the input to the 2 (©) Linear igngaparying sya gystem is x{n) < uln-e 1) -uln 2), then the (6) Non-lifear time-invariant system eae trotehwibe veal) 5 (@) Non-lineartime-varying system 2 2 §|@.7 A signal given by x(n] = [1.2.3.4] is applied as @) a5 (0) 3 ca ea =| an nputto a system whose impulse response 5 z is given as h{r] = [7 - 2], The output of the O 64 £} system i given as yin, then ya) is —_. @.2_ Consider a signal given as x[n] = 2°unjiitis | 2 | 8 A discrete time signal s{n] 's given by passed through a system with impulse | z xa) = {4a}: uf —) response hn) = 2"u(n], then the value of output | The Energy of signal will be atn=2is 2 (2) 100J (b) 2204 z (6) 4404 (@) 8804 @3_ The step response S{n] of a discrete time LTI | § gystom is S[r] = aul, 0 1 uence signals x[n] and hin). Ifx{nl = (2, 4, 8, 7) and | # ° otros . 2 | @.10 The step response of a discrete LT! system is D vin = 144, which of the following signal | 3 given by y,{71=(1,—1, 1). The impulse response i of system will be can represent h(n) 3 (a) Aln} = (1, 2,2, -1} (@) (1,2.3,4) (©) (1.2.2.1) 3 (0) Ain) = (1, -2, 2,1) (c) (2,2.2,2) (@) 1.4.1.4) : (6) Fin ={1,-2,-2, 1) , (@) Pin) ={-1,-2, 2,1) Senna MADE EASE cmnmadeaypibaonsan 16 Electrical Engineering Q.11_ The input x[n] = {1, 2, 1, x} to an LTI system with an impulse response (1, a, B, 2} yields on output y[n] = {1, 4, 2,0, 9, ~4, 4). Values of a, B and ywillbe (@) a=B=27 (©) @ B (©) Bey=2,0=41 (8) «= 2,B=-2,y=-41 @.12 The possible value of the fundamental period of a discrete signal x(n) defined as x(n) = 5(-1)? is @.13 The convolution y{n] = Un + 3) + un) is (n+ K) u(n + k~1), Such that the value of kis (@) 0 (o) 1 2 (@ 3 @.14 An LT! system with impulse response ln) = avin), Lal-< 1 with the input sequence {nl = up). Then the output yr] at a = 2 is (Assume a= 1/2) @.15. Which of the following signals is/are periodic? (a) 5.6 + een? 4 eros om ) orf vac + 5) (©) 2? -cos(én) (@) cos 3t+ cos 2xt lmsq) 16 Consider the following signal (i) x= S Co att-24) ‘Then which of the following statement(s) is/are true? (a) The signal x,{n]is periodic with period N=2. (b) The signal x,[n]is periodic with period N= 2. (c) The signalx,[n]is non-periodic. (d) The signal x,[t] is periodic with period T= 4. ims} © Signals & Systems raneva dow Ohi zo 20 FU p04 Fh MADE EASY @.17 Given X = (a, b, ¢, d) as the input, a linear time invariant system produces an output Y= XX Xn, < repeated Netimes >], The impulse response of the system is (Sanaa) uln}-vin-n1 Nea (c) ulm] —uln-N =a] (d) 250-9 Troponeetisettaini« ol = Wat ae “seam @.19 Consider a discrete time accumulator system inl = DO) ___ afk] and the backward difference systém yin] = x[n] - x[9 — 1] where xf] represents the inpul and y(] represents the Output of the individual systems. 00, ecuador Bacward | in) System aan When these two systems are cascaded as in figure, the impulse response of combined system with output zn] is {a) Unit impulse sequence (b) Unit step sequence (c) Unit ramp sequence (a) None of the above @.20 Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? (System attribute of (System Description the Discrete-Time with inputx(n) output System) Kn)} (@) Causal yn) =x(0~1) (©) Linear Hn) = 3x{n) +2 (0) Stable Mn) = 2x(n)+5x (01) (A) Time-invariant —: y(n) = (x(n 1) MADE EASY @.21 What is the fundamental frequency of the discrete-time square wave shown in the figure? (a) mradian (©) m/4 radian (b) m/2 radian (d) Oradian @.22 Which one of the following statementsis correct? A discrete LTI system is non-causal fits impulse response is (@) aru(n-2) (©) a 2u(n) (©) ar*2u(n) (a) aun+2) @.25 Ifx{n] be discrete time signal vind = x12] [3] n=even yan} = 4*f2] 7~ oO n=0 now, consider the following statement ()ifx{n]is periodic then y,(n] mustloe periodic, (i) itx{n]s periodic then y,(n] must beperioaic (ii) ify, {ris periodic then x(n] mustbe periodic, (iv) ify, {nis periodic then x{nl mlstibe periodic Which of the above statements are correct. (@) (and (i) (©)_(0. (i) anai(vy () ijandiiv) ——@) Allof the above ‘Common Data for Questions(24and 25): A discrete time signal is shown below 5 Fo) ee ¢ It Pn] = gl2n— 3] and x(n] = An ~ Alm 1) sco yo)= ¥ Hi —____E Rerirmproverent Workbook raneva dow Oe 3 17 @.24 Value of x[-1] will be fa) 0 () 6 (e) -3 4 @.25 Value of y{2] will be (a) 1 (b) 2 () 3 (d) 4 @.26 Consider a discrete time system with input- output equation given by yinl=2"" 3) 26xik) va The system is (a) Linear/and Time Invariant (b) Non-Linearand Time Invariant (©) Linear anc Time Variant (@) Nonslin@ar and Time Variant ‘Common Data for Questions(27 and 28): Consider the cascading of two LT! systems with impulse fesponse h,(n] and h,{r] as shown below wel = van} —Swte— 1) be yin} sl Aso itis given that Ay{n] = (3Jua @.27 The overall impulse response h{n] of combined system wil be (a) 0 (ob) 1 (@ aim (@ 3anl 0.28 The overall output yr] in terms of averal input alolwilbe (a) asin) (ey pain (@ xin (© aln\-xt0-1) 18 Electrical Engineering © Signals & Systems MADE EASY @.29 Consider a discrete time LTI system as shown below hel an Pel T. aini-Lan—1, z{n) = 28{n] and h,[n] = el Determine overall impulse response of the system ce Zatnl (0) 8 (ate) () 8) iRa.ON WI8G MON NORDEA KEV TOWN Oh aIiBuDOTGNS TWBNAGOD @ ‘ojseuned Genin eva oui Wo) AUN U| BORTIIN 10 ReanPOIdeT ea Publizetions. 1.30 The range of values of ‘a’ and‘ for which the LTI-system with impuise response: _fat.nzo hin= ) bn<0 is stable? f) laletlb|>4 ( Jalet|blts[b]>1 @) al>tifb| is oud (Ge Imsaq @.28 If x(t) is a periodic signal with fundamental petiod Tand Fouter series coeticients X,, Then Which of the following relation is true? (2) x(t = to) + (f+ fo) 25 2cosira'y)X, (o) Reta) £84 An % ©) ay FS, Pub X, (@) x(3t- FS xe IMsQ] @.29 A real signal x(t) is periodic with period T= and has Fourier coefficients a, = 0 for K = 0 and K > 2 and x(t) = -x(t~ 3). The signal 2 gfls@Pat=2 and a, is ve0! postive number. {@) The complex Fourier Series costcient of ih a(t) = Aaos(Bt + C), then which of the [{ ventiyct is Gxt On following values for constant(s) are correct? 2nj 3 (a) A=1 (o) B=ni3 (b) The complex Fourier saries coetticient of | 2 (©) C=0 (d) A=2 » i Zit ~to)+ x19] Zina, C08 ney sal a a SE SNe a Fourier Transform and Sampling Theorem M LeveL | EE 3 ae @.1_ Let x(t) be a time domain signal whose Fourier | to) transformis represented as X(jo) = cose. Then | 2 = the inverse transform of the signal | " : 3 40a aA ADO (ja) = cosSwis i Ye) +t t z 160 ee) (5) : 5 (a) 1 & 408 (©) 5x(50) (a) Zen) 2 8 e =30% or} @.2 A continuous time signal x(t) is defined as |# | @.3 ~The Nyquist interval corresponding to the x(t) = 2 + cos(50nt) is sampled with sampling | ¥ ‘continuous time signal interval t, = 0.025 see and passed through an | 3 ee ae x(t) = [S2°(150nt) + Sa*(200n!)|Sa(600R") ideal low pass filter whose frequency response é is as shown in figure below. z is msec. IHUea)l @.4 For the signal x(‘) shown in the below figure, 1 : the value of f Xo)e’ de is 8 xo “0s an The spectrumof output will be Mia) a 7 a 3 @) ia = _t | +f 2 | @5 Consider a continuous time LT! system with On 40x 2 impulse response h(t) = et! wo) i ‘Tho complexFourie evi coefficient (C) ofoutput an g 3 XQ) for the input x(t)= Y (-9"8(t—n) is ©) 3 . a — ti [ft . i (©) Ge= gyjag (orale Senne MADE EASE ‘wmemaderepinkiosarg 24 © Signals & Systems Electrical Engineering MADE EASY b) o for k even Let x( ze where bis a positive real value (e) =) 4 1 fork oda +P Ts jak” a= jak . : 2 and x()£2>X(a). Thon value of f @Xta)dto © C= Se ~ 6 + Unk} willbe 0 forkeven @ 0 (1 - 1 () C=) 2 tor kode a, 5 @e GF Gath i 26 Lots(9boarealercsovensignalunose Fourier | §| O72 Consier @ non.causl ays wih impulse transform is represented by X(ja). Then which | = ancl given pul _. UH) The 3 of the following can be a possible X(jea) & anit Oe {@) sin(a)cos(a) (b) 2 (a) 1 radisee’ (o) 2radJsee (6) cos(a)-cos(2a) (A) jeost2a) : ©) smc () 4radisec @.7Asignalx(t)is represented as shown in figure | z | 13 Letx(0 be @ signal such inal beiow has Fourier Transform Xu) i X(a)=0;|0]> Om at) : ‘Anothersignal y(t)is specified as having Fourier z transform: ? z Y(w) = 2X(@- o,) z Determine a signal m(t) such that " z x{) = A m{t) a aan g (a) ol (o) pom! then the value of X(j0) is 2 1 g © 30" om @.8 The Nyquist sampling rate for a signal |? 2 m(t) = cos 200ntx2.cos 320ntis Hz. |2 | @.14 Consider a bandlimited signal x(t) having @.9 Consider the signal given below: Nyauist rate equal tow. Another signal y() is F defined as x(9 = sine(@0 Sinc( 1201) + Fsine(50®) i) =x) -cosoyt then the Nyquist sampling rate of the signal is | 8 The Nyquist rate for (0) will be (a) 150Hz (b) 200Hz . (a) q (b) 20, (6) 240H (d) 100Hz 2 (©) 30, (@ 40, @.10 An impulse signal 8(1) is sent as input to a| 2 system whose frequency response is 2 ESA) Questions | of; al, &(t-K), Then, the exoression Ke for (t) when x(t) = (nt) xt 2 (b) (a) tt) (b) eos (xt) x sin(nt) xO @ fa @.27 The output y(t) ofa causal LT! system is related to the input x(2) by the equation wo Htoy(t) = J x(22tt —vde~ x19 where, 2(f) = u(t) + 38(4) Then, impulse response h(t) of the system is @ (Betege™ ao TaeTane WTAOS & fag man NoRDerY eva TOW ONIN anportor 0a Mel yo08 # jysenred Valin ou MADE EASY © (3 40 @.28 A causal LT! filter has the frequency response H(q) = -2/a. For input signal x(¢) = e", the output (0 willbe (a) 2e" (by 26°" () 2 (a) Ze i J @.29 Suppose that the system F takes the Fourier transform of thé input, as shown in below figure. x) } Poy = 28 X(-0) 10. Then the output signal y(0 of the system shown in the figure below is x FE ett (a) (ny X(N) (b) (2m)? X(t) (e) (2nyixt) () (en) XC) .30 A signal x,(t) whose foutier transform is X,(ja) has the following magnitude and phase response as shown below: 1x6) “3m 0 or Ago) #2 a2 MADE EASY T rank improvement Workbook 27 Publlsations Then determine the signal x(). (a) 2 (cos3nt—singat) x () 2 (ntcosant— sin3nt) mt ce) lon coet sat) (o) 25Gt cosaat—sinant) me @.31 Aband-pass signal is shown below: x) 35 9° 35 425 425 Fiz) The minimum sampling frequency for perfect reconstruction from its samples is (a) 1.6MHz (b) 5 MHz () $.33MHz (d) 10MHz. @.32 Lot att t (Neos? +S. Assume xe real and X(jw) = 0 for jal>1. Then the system {function A(t that will satisfy the condition given belowis © oo Jao porn Face) (0) [cosa sinct (a) = xeost 0} raneva JoWW Oven zor 2a F004 Fh sin(t)-sinf £ @.33 Let x(t) = 2) x(a) be the Fourier ae Transform of x(9), then the value of X(ia) at @ = 0 will be @.34 Given the relationship V(t) = x(t) = h(t) a(t) = x(30) « AGS) and given that x(t) has Fourier transform X(jo) and h(t) has Fourier transform H(ja), if g(t) is. of the form g(t) = Ay(Bt) then, (a) the value of A= 0.333, (oy the value of B= 0.333, (0) the value of A= 0.111 (9) the value of B= 3 EEN o=- | bilateral aa The Laplace transform of 1 dee Glue Is ES ts) < Oa 1) SSRIs >-1 eal sot ; © Fahl <-2 @ TE R(s)> @.2. The transfer function of a causal system is (s+5) His)= —S* ( +25-3) the output of the system fora step inputis (2). The value of lim M(t) is @ (b) -2.5) 3 1 (d) Noneofthe above @.3_ A signal is represented as x(1) whose Laplace transform is denoted by X(s) where 1 (ype per X(a) = 31520" +e). Tho value of signal x(f)at t= 1 sec is @.4 Consider a continuous time signal f(t) where 2 as Say ov anrurolang wba as ‘oj ed aia acon oy Ale W ABR REaNROITE! 9a Awa o09 Fa OURBEN NOG MON PUORRONAT AS SNe a y Laplace Transform fyl-e%), ROC = entire s-plane excluding s gt. @ eer ROC = Res) > -2 The Laplace transformand the ROC of the signal x(9= pat =k) is = (@) 1; forall s (0) 1+e°7; Re(s)>0 O) Res) > 0 je! 1 jeer Rets)>0 () Consider the waveform x(f) as shown below. x0 10 7 z + The Laplace transform of signal will be (= e(u(0)- u(t-5)]. The Laplace transform 5 5 2 Sus and the ROG of f(t) are respectively. @egg? *s° 1 gee sera 5 5 2s 152s Sas () ge). pee ee tse ROC = entire s—plane except s = -2 1010 25 18.25 Sots BR ot Bet 26 wo ore, Og? s° ss ROC = Re(s) > -2 3010 2s 18,25 Sas @ prog er eee Senin MADE RSH vonnmadeeapubiatonrg MADE EASY @.7 Acontinuous time signal x({) is given by x(9 = e[u(2— 1) -ul-1 - 9) Also x(}DsX(s) The ROC for X(s) willbe (@) Refs} <5 (©) Refs} >5 (6) Re(s} <-5 (d) Entire s-plane except s = + and -« both as Consider a continuous time signal x(t) wit Laplace transform X(s) given by se- 2544 (s-2)(s? +28+4) Initial and final values of signal x(1) will be respectively (@) Indeterminate, (0) 1, Indeterminate 44 (a) Indeterminate, Indeterminate X(s)= ‘Common Data for Questions(9 and 10): Consider a continuous time signal x(t) given by x() = 2"! t—4) Let another signal g(t) is given by Ot) = Ae uf-t= b) @.9 The Laplace transform of signal x(q) will be eter, ertis-10) ) X(s)= x © x)= aq) MO a5 ett () X8)= 5 a) X08) @.10 Values of constants Aé {,, such that the Laplace transform of sighal g(t) has the same algebric form as X(s), will be (@) A=1.q=-4 (0) A=-1,4=4 () A=tG=4 9 @) A=. h=-4 +f —____E Rerirmproverent Workbook Panay JoW Oi zo 20 FU p04 Fh 3 29 Then the impulse response f(t) is @ © 3 2 +|—___.. rn o 2 1 +--+ O01 MO (c) 2 1 — @ 1 0.0T ‘ 1 @.J2. Which of the following Laplace transform pairs recerreet? QM Considera causal LTI system described by Fs) arecoreet as follows 3] ayer) GkDCs s°+28+100 3 a woe & ois a) = £284 100 FV tas? 9) Hay toe As) (o) 20 sd) Ge) 2 imsay er SS ERE 30 Electrical Engineering @.13 Consider a continuous time signal x(#) whose Laplace transform is given as X(s) = =. Res} >—3. Then the value of Laplace transform of x(2t-3) is equal to (@) sc s>-6 ©) one s>-6 oe @) on s>-5 Q.14 The inverse Laplace transform of the signal xo-ifot] = s0800 44) 20 coset) @ o) eet tb (6) 21-cosanuy (a) Pe eese gy @A5_ Tho system shown inthe figure below contains an integrator in forward path andihas a unity gain negative feedback. Then the system is. + si a+ alo (@) Causal and BIBO stable (0) Non-causal and BIBO stable (6) Causal and not BIBO stable (a) Non-causal and not BIBO stable @.16 Lot x(t) be a signal with its Lapiace transform X(s). If x(t) is defined as x(t) = @* cos2t Another function y({) is defined as vid = Jade ° raneva JoWW Oven zo 20 FU p04 Fh © Signals & Systems a7 ais ais MADE EASY Then the Laplace transform of y(0)is e+) gy ste+9) © gerar+a © (erar +a) 343 (s+3) () ( aera ©) erated Asystem is described by a differential equation 2, Evo, at The forced response of the system due to an. input Le. x(1) = elu(é) for the initial condition y(t) = Sma Tey = x10) = 2and y(0" (a) (se 2a aes ht) Jao (0) (1oe*t ult) + 120+ 0% + o*) u(t) iow é ot (o) alot ett rol Shs a (@) IfX(s) denotes the Laplace transform of a signal s+) x(i) and X(s) = In| saK then the value of lim x() is Suppose following facts are given about the signal x(t) with Laplace transform X(s) 1. x(0 is real and even 2. X{(s) has 04 Nos of poles and no zero in finite s-plane. 3. X(s)hasa pole at pee 4, Jaat=4 Value of X(s) will be 1 a © aye 204 v2

You might also like