PAPER 5 INTRODUCTION CLASS Macks willbe allocated for Paper § according to the table below. The expectations for each ski are listed inthe sections that follow. Question 1 skill Breakdown of skills Mark = — ee allocation Defining the problem Planni ee — — 15 a3 Method of analysis, | ‘Additional detail including safety considerations Question 2 skill Breakdown of skills Mark allocation Data analysis Analysis, conclusions and evaluation Treatment of uncertainties Expectations for each skill (Paper 5) Planning Defining the problem Candidates should be able to: ‘+ Identify the independent variable in the experiment ‘+ identify the dependent variable inthe experiment ++ identify the variables that are to be kept constant. Methods of data collection Candidates should be able to: ‘© describe the method to be used to vary the independent variable + describe how the independent and dependent varlables are to be measured ‘© describe how other variables are to be kept constant «© describe, with the aid of a clear labelled diagram, the arrangement of apparatus for the experiment and the procedures to be followed For full credit to be awarded in this section, the overall arrangement must be workable, that I, It should be possible [Link] the data required without undue difficulty I the apparatus were assembled as described. The measuring Me CENA STUDY HUBInstruments chosen should be ft for purpose, In that they should measure the correct physical quantity toa suitable precision for the experiment. Method of analysis Candidates should be able to: + describe how the data should be used in order to reach a conclusion, Including detalls of derived quantities to be calculated from graphs. Additlonal detail including safety considerations Marks wil be avallable for adcltional relevant detail Including safety precautions. How these marks are awarded will depend on the experiment that fs to be planned, but they might. for example, Include marks for describing how adaltional variables ae tobe kept constant, or for a diagram of a cicult needed ‘to make a particular measurement or a description of intial experiments or an explanation of how to obtain calibration curves. For safety considerations, candidates shouldbe able to: ‘assess the risks oftheir experiment ‘describe precautions that should be taken to keep risks to a minimum. Candidates should be able to: * describe the use of an osciloscope or storage oscilloscope) to measure voltage, current, time and frequency describe how to use ght gates connected toa data logge to determine time, velocity and acceleration {describe how other sensors can be used with a datalogger, eg. motion sensor, Wei 198 1 HL STUDY HUBData analysis Candidates ‘should be able to: © Fearrange expressions into the forms y= mx+cy =ax" andy = ae! Understand how a graph of Y against xis used t yemeve ‘find the constants m and cin an equation ofthe form — how a graph of og y against logis used to find the constantsaand:nin an equation ofthe form derstand how a graph of iny against xis used to find the constants a and kin an {equation ofthe form ma eee teed srohtobe plotted, : Gs L STUDY HUBTable of results Candidates should be able to: complete a table of results following the conventions required for Paper 3 ‘calculate other quantities from raw data and record them ina table Use the correct numberof significant figures for calculated quantities following the conventions required for Paper 3 ‘Where logarithms are required, units should be shown with the quantity whose logarithm is being taken, 2g: In (d/cm), The logarithm itself does not have a unt. For logarithmic quantities, the numberof decimal places should correspond to the number of sigificant figures, For example, if emis 765 (3s), then Ig (L/ cm) should be either 1.884 (3 dp) or 1.8837 (4 dp). Graph Candidates should be able to: * plot a graph following the conventions required for Paper 3 show error bars, ln both directions where appropriate, for each point on the graph Graw a straight line of best fit and a worst acceptable straight lin through the points on the graph {The worst acceptable line shouldbe either the steepest possible line or the shallowest possible line that passes through the eror bars of all the datapoints. should be distinguished fromthe line of best fit ether by being drawn as a broken line or by being clearly labeled, Conclusion Candidates should be able to: ‘+ determine the gradient andy-intercept ofa straight-line graph ‘+ derive expressions that equate to the gradient or they-intercept of their straight tines of best fit draw the required conclusions, wth correct units and appropriate numberof significant figures, rom these expressions. Treatment of uncertainties Candidates should be able to: convert absolute uncertainty estimates into fractional or percentage uncertainty estimates and vice versa ‘* show uncertainty estimates, in absolute terms, beside every value ina table of results * calculate uncertainty estimates in derived quantities, ‘estimate the absolute uncertainty n the gradient of a graph by recalling that absolute uncertainty = gradient of line of best fit gradient of worst acceptable tine ‘+ estimate the absolute uncertainty inthe y-intercept of a graph by recalling that absolute uncertainty = y-intercept of line of best fit~y-intercept of worst acceptable tine * express a quantity as a value, an uncertainty estimate and a unit, TE Nes le STUDY HUB1A student nt light-emi iodes (LED: is investi a ‘gating the characteristi le ‘ws examples of LEDs and the circuit Symbol ane ee oe blue red 4 circuit symbol: pi Fig 1.1 Each LED needs a minimum Investigating the relationshiy several different LEDs. potential dlference V across it to emit light. The student is Ip between Vand the wavelangth A of the light emitted by the LED for Itis suggested that the relationship is where kand mare constants, Design a laboratory experiment to test the relationship between Vand A. Explain how your results Could be used to determine values for kand n. You should draw a diagram, on page 3, showing the arrangement of your equipment. In your account you should pay particular attention to + the procedure to be followed, * the measurements to be taken, + the control of variables, + the analysis of the data, * any safety precautions to be taken. Iie IK STUDY HUB (15)Switch, variable. resistor de. power = Supply LED WNdilsont. wayel th. Recond..the..daba. Waive, tabk4 students nvesigating how the extension of loaded wire depends onthe diameter ofthe Wire, ‘The apparatus is sot up as shown in Fig 21, Wire | load F Fig.24 ‘load Fis applied to the wire and the extension eis measured, saeaxBeriment Is repeated for wires of the same material and same inal length L but ferent diameter a. Its suggested that e and dare related by the equation on Ale” nee where Eis a constant (©) Apophis pated ct eon th ods cahet onthe Determine an expression for the graciont. @- ULF nn Ws, HUB) Vas of dand eare given in Fig, 22 an0%m eNom Fe/lo'm > 0.28 + 0.02 113 1a.e £18 | o8es0.02 es | 499 £12 | 0982008 00 693 £093 0.46 + 0,02 4a 4.73 tou 0562002 a7 | 319 $0.23 072+ 0.02 Ww rag tout Fig.22 Caleta and record values ot 08min Fi.22. 'nolude the absolute uncertain in a (©) () Plota graph of 6710 m against 2/108 m2, Include error bars for. rl (i) Draw the straight ine of best ft and a worst acceptable straight ine on your graph. Bath lines should be clearly labeled, a (eterno ren of he io of bs Include the bse uncer nyour analint 9 AY best Be dines Craadient J worst acceptable dee Lines: gradient > yy m4 qrsdient » (lout-8:5 167 > by 13 3-4-2104 CI3-Y)to Fe U.P OT: > F-Sx1l0°" A Pedi’ C88 - 29910 =I0 BRO. Gear eae cio.” > KlovUsf) (INE sly HUB(8 (Using your ar ra us mowers t0 (a) and (eG), determine the value of & Include an appropri priate Data: L= 2.50. 0.01mand F= 4Le =19.020.5N, TUE. a vadjent _RE q Units? — me xN Es 4LF n/n Rxgradiant Peer Yx2.8x 19 KRAKOW E . é2xto” ()_ Determine the percentage uncertainty in E. SE x loo = fae ae = + AF 4 tent | X [oo a G Past o, of aL] 2 Bet tte > 14% Percentage uncertainty in E - % {1 (e) The experiment is repeated with a thinner wire of diamoter 0,23 0.02mm. The wite Is of the same material and initial length. Determine the extension @ of the wire when the same load Is added to it. Include the absolute uncertainty in your answer. Be 2 Agradient 424 «(MP ef) @ 1 inline a Oe gradient XL na) ae 2 4x1s%t. be> 0-%xIO” (0.23415) €+ I.0xIo" ox F.0..4 Le: STUDY HUB