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PCA Analysis Validation Guide

The document provides a guide for validating a principal component analysis (PCA). It describes loading data from an Excel file into a DataFrame, preprocessing the data by handling column names and missing values, performing PCA using sklearn to extract the first two principal components and their loadings, and compiling the results by combining them with the original data and saving to a Word file. The guide aims to make the analysis replicable and ensure consistent results across different datasets or iterations.

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patryk langer
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52 views2 pages

PCA Analysis Validation Guide

The document provides a guide for validating a principal component analysis (PCA). It describes loading data from an Excel file into a DataFrame, preprocessing the data by handling column names and missing values, performing PCA using sklearn to extract the first two principal components and their loadings, and compiling the results by combining them with the original data and saving to a Word file. The guide aims to make the analysis replicable and ensure consistent results across different datasets or iterations.

Uploaded by

patryk langer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PCA Analysis Validation Guide

1. Introduction
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a dimensionality reduction technique used to
transform high-dimensional datasets into a dataset with fewer dimensions, preserving as
much of the variance as possible. In this analysis, PCA was applied to selected columns of a
dataset to extract the primary components that capture the maximum variance in the data.

2. Data Loading
The data was provided in an Excel format. The pandas library, specifically the `read_excel`
function, was used to load the data into a DataFrame, which is a two-dimensional, size-
mutable, and heterogeneous tabular data structure.

3. Data Preprocessing
Before performing PCA, the data underwent several preprocessing steps to ensure its
suitability for the analysis.

a. Handling Column Names: Unexpected spaces in the column names were removed to
ensure accurate data extraction.

b. Handling Missing Values: The K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) imputation method was chosen
to handle missing values. This method estimates missing values based on the similarity of
rows in the dataset. Given the significant number of missing values in certain columns, KNN
imputation was deemed appropriate to retain as much data as possible while minimally
affecting the analysis.

4. PCA Analysis
PCA was conducted on the selected columns of the dataset. The sklearn library's PCA
function was employed for this purpose.

a. Data Extraction for PCA: Columns specified for the PCA were extracted from the main
dataset.

b. Performing PCA: PCA was conducted to extract the first two principal components. The
eigenvalues and loadings for each component were then extracted.

c. Interpretation: The PCA loadings represent the correlation between the original variables
and the component. Positive loadings indicate a variable and a principal component are
positively correlated; an increase in one results in an increase in the other. Negative
loadings indicate the opposite.
5. Results Compilation
After conducting PCA, the results were compiled for interpretation and reporting.

a. Re-attaching Original Data: The PCA results were combined with the original data to
allow for a comprehensive view of the results.

b. Saving Results: The results, including eigenvalues and loadings, were saved to a Word
document for easy access and sharing.

6. Conclusion
This validation guide provides a comprehensive overview of the PCA analysis conducted,
including data preprocessing, analysis techniques, and results compilation. The methods
and steps outlined ensure the analysis is replicable and valid, allowing for consistent results
across different datasets or iterations.

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