Introduction: Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language.
Platform Independence: Java applications are platform-independent, running on
any device with the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).
JVM: Java code is compiled into bytecode, which is executed by the JVM,
enabling cross-platform compatibility.
Syntax: Java syntax is similar to C++, making it easy for programmers to
transition between languages.
Object-Oriented: Java follows an object-oriented programming paradigm,
emphasizing modularity and reusability.
Multithreading: Java supports concurrent programming with built-in
multithreading capabilities for efficient execution.
Garbage Collection: Automatic memory management through garbage collection
simplifies memory handling.
Security: Java's sandbox security model prevents unauthorized access to system
resources.
Java Standard Edition (SE): Basic libraries and APIs for desktop and standalone
applications.
Java Enterprise Edition (EE): Extensions for enterprise-level applications with
features like servlets and JSP.
Java Development Kit (JDK): Includes tools for Java development, like compiler
and debugger.
Integrated Development Environments (IDEs): Popular IDEs like Eclipse and
IntelliJ support Java development.
Popular Frameworks: Spring, Hibernate, and Apache Struts are widely used Java
frameworks.
Swing and JavaFX: GUI libraries for creating desktop applications with graphical
interfaces.
Applets: Java applets were used for web development, though they have become
less common due to security concerns.
Android Development: Java is historically used for Android app development.
Lambda Expressions: Introduced in Java 8, lambda expressions simplify code,
especially in functional programming.
Java Collections Framework: Provides data structures like lists, sets, and maps
for efficient data manipulation.
Exception Handling: Java uses a robust exception-handling mechanism to
manage runtime errors.
Networking: Java offers extensive networking libraries for creating networked
applications.
Community Support: The Java community is vast, contributing to an extensive
ecosystem of libraries and resources.
Open Source: Java is open-source, fostering collaboration and continuous
improvement.
Portable Code: Java's "Write Once, Run Anywhere" philosophy ensures code
portability.
Version History: Java has undergone several version updates, with Java 17 being
the latest (as of my last update in 2022).
Legacy Systems: Many legacy systems and enterprise applications are built on
Java, emphasizing its long-lasting relevance.
