CAREER ENDEAVOUR Best Institute for IIT-JAM, NET & GATE CSIR-NET/JRF JUNE 2021 SECTION: MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS Daily Practice Problem (DPP) Sheet 16: PROBABILITY (Basic Preview of Probability) A triangle is formed by joining three points of a regular hexagon. Whatis the probability that the triangle will be ‘equilateral? (@) V6 (10 (© 112 @ 120 ‘Two dice are thrown once the probability of getting a sum7 is given by: @ue2 is us @w to] tee candid 1:25.48. s (a) 2/25 (b) 1 (221 @us Abag contains 10 black and 15 red balls. Two balls are drawn fromthe bag at random. The probability that two balls drawn from the bag will be of same colour? (a) V4 (b) 172 () V3 @us ‘Consider the experiment of throwing two fair dice. What is the probability thatthe sum ofthe numbers obtained inthese dice is even? @12 (14 ois @ V6 bag contains 6 red and 4 green balls A fair dice is rolled and a number of balls qual to that appearing on the dice ischosen from the urn atrandome'The probability thatall the balls selected are red ig (@ 13 3/10 @ is (@ none ofthese six faced die isa biased one: its thrice more likely to show an-odd number than to show an even number, It is thrown twice. The probability that the sum of the numbers in the two throws even, is @4s (58 68 78 A problemi givento three students A, B and C whose chances of solving it are 1/2, 1/3 and 1/4 respectively. ‘The probability that this problem willbe solved is (a) 124 (6 (23 was ‘The choice of throwing 12 ina single throw with three dice is (a) 12216 (b) 21/216 (15216 (@) 25/216 7011-26851008, 26461009 wwwcarcerende = OTT -6S462248, 95022991IL 14, Is. 16. 17, 18, 19, 20, ‘The probability that a number in (1,2, ... 1001} is divisible by 7 or 11 or both, is (a) 143/1001 (b) 21/1001 (247/101 (911001 Froma pack of 52 cards two are drawn at random, What is the probability that one isa king and the other a queen? (a) 51629 (b) 8/663 (©) 101687 (@) None of the above ‘The probability that a number selected at random between 100 and 999 (both inclusive) will not contain the digit 3is (a) 16725 (ono (©/10F (@) 1825 A cows ied with apole by a 100 meter long rope, What isthe probability that at some point of time the cow is at least 60 meters away fromthe pole ? (9s (by 13/25 (© 1625 (a) 1825 ‘Aand B play a game of dice. A throws the die frst. The person who first gets a6 isthe winner. What isthe probability that A wins ? (oil (12 56 @ue ‘Two teams A and B play a series of four matches. Ifthe probability that team A wins a match is 2/3, then the probability that team A wins three matches, looses one and the third win occurs in the fourth match is (827 (by 1627 (881 (3281 Ifthe probabilities that A and B will die within a year are p and q respectively, then the probability that only one ‘of them will be alive at the end of the year is (pq (b) pla) ©a0-p) (@p+4a~2pq If Aand B are two events such that P(A) = p, P(B) = does not occur is P(A 4B) =r then the probability that A occurs but B (@) pr ()p-4 (p-ar (@p-pq Ananteaircraft gun can take a maximum of four shots at a plane moving away from it. The probability of hitting the plane in the fist, second; third and fourth shot ate 0.4, 03/0.2 apd 0.1 respectively. Whatis the probabili- ties thatthe gun hits the’ plane ? (a) 0.7325 (0)0.7286 (©)0.6976 (0.6574 Forn independent events A,, Ay, Ajj, let P(A) = 4 sis 1. Then the probability hat none ofthe events will occurs (@ma+1) @n-Va+ © Mn+1) @1m Let A and B be two events with P(A) = 1/2, P(B) = 1/3 and P(A. B) = 1/4. What is (AUB)? (a) 377 (4/7 (m2 @922a 24, 25, If P(A B*)=1/3, P(ANB)=1/2 and P(B)=2P(A), the P(A) will be @a7 (b) Ls, (7s @ 1318 purse contains? silver and 4 copper coins. A second purse contains 4 silver and 3 copper coins. Ifa coin is pulled out at random from one ofthe two purses, then the probability that it will be silver coin will be @2 (4/7 (©) 19/42 @ 2 ‘Three persons play a game by tossing a fair coin each independently. The game ends ina trial ifallof them get the same outcome in that trial, otherwise they continue to the next trial. What is the probability that the game ends in an even number of trials? @27 (b)3/7 (12 (@ar Suppose there are two bags with first bag contaions 3 white and 2 black balls, second bag contains 2 white and 4 black balls. one ball is transferred fron bag Ito bag Il and then a ball is drawn from the later. It happens to ‘be white, What is the probability that the tranferred ball is white? @o13 ns jens (a) 113 ‘Three ums are given each cotaining red and white balls. Urn 1 contains 6 red and 4 white balls, UI contains 2 red and 6 white balls and Urn III 1 red and 4 white balls. An urn is selected at random and a ball is drawn, Ifthe selected ball is red, what is the probability that iis from the first urn’? (a) 25 (27 (47 @49o 1. (CRON. (2) 4.(0:) «| SAC (b) 8@ 9@) 06) 16) 12@ 1230 14@ 15.@) 16@) 17.@ 1©@ 19.@ 20@ 21.@ 22.(¢-) 23.(b) 24. (a) 25. (a)CAREER ENDEAVOUR Best Institute for IIT-JAM, NET & GATE CSIR-NET/JRF JUNE 2021 SECTION: MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS, Daily Practice Problem (DPP) Sheet 17: Probability (Probability bution) COMMON DATA FOR ©. 1 & Q.2 jos random varible with probability density function given by, F (x)= ke: (05 x<2) =2k:(2sx<4) = ke + 6k (45 <6) 1, The value of *k’ will be (a) 18 (b) 6 12 @as 2. ‘The mean value of the random variable x’ will be (32 (b)3 (5/3 (7a 3. Theprobabilty density function of a continuous random variable s given as, S (2) = Ke" (a) Find the value of *K*. (b) Find the mean and variance of the distribution. -ncx > @z! ‘The variance of the distribution will be 1 oy o> A dice is tossed once. Ifthe random variable X is defined as 1, iff the dice results in an even number 0, if the dice results in an odd number ‘The mean ofthe probability distribution will be @ 1s (b) 1/4 (ohi2 rw An unbiased cbiitis tossed 6 ties: What is the probability Of obtaining 4 heads?” (3/6 (b) 15/64 (©) 18/32 (2164 Ifadie is thrown 5 times, the probability of getting an even number exactly 3 times? (@3n6 (b) 15/64 (©1532 (516 ‘The chance that out of 10 telephone lines, one is busy at a time is 0.8. What willbe the most probable number of busy lines? (@2 (8 @10 Hos 3 IIT, New Deli-16 , Ph 011-26851008, 26861009 _www.careerendeavoursom "EB Nagar (Metro Gate No. 3), DAhV09, Phe O-GSS62245, 954029299113, 14, 15. 18, 19, 20, ai. ‘Three unbiased coins are tossed together and this is repeated five times. What is the probabilty of getting atleast one head each time?” 1 (. ) yt ( ; lg O, Oly Which ofthe following is NOT an assumption ofthe Binomial distribution? (a) Alltrials must be identical. (b) Alltrials must be independent. (©) Each trial must be classified as a success or a failure (@) The probability of success is equal to 0.5 inal trials. ‘The probability that a certain machine will produce a defective itemis 1/4. Ifa random sample of 6 items is taken from the output of this machine, what is the probability that there will be S or more defectives in the sample? (a) 3/4096 (b) 4/4096 (©) 18/4096 (a) 19/4096 ‘Suppose 60% of a herd of cattle is infected with a particular disease. Let cattle ina sample of size 5. The distribution of Y is (a) binomial with n=5 and p =0.6 (b) binomial withn = 5 and p=0.4 (©) binomial with n=5 and p=0.5 (a) none ofthese =the number of non-diseased In one dimension, a random walker takes a step of unit length, with equal probability to the let right. What is the probability that the walker returns to the starting point after 6 steps? @38 5/16 (ous @uis In one dimension, a random walker takes a step of unit length, with equal probability to the left right. What isthe probability that the walker returns to the starting point after 7 steps? 38 (5/16 (ua @o A random walkertakes a step of unit length along the right with probability 3/4 and a step of uit length along the left with probability 1/4. The mean displacement of the walker after 10 steps is (a) 2units (by Suits {JO units © JOntits A random walkertakes a step of unit length along the right with probability 3/4 and a step of unit length along the left with probability 1/4. The mean square displacement of the walker after N steps is 1 1 1 l Aye tn(w- tye Ayn @ZN(N+3)—) GN(N-3) (GZ N(N41) @ {N(N-1) If the probability of unfavorable reaction froma certain injection is 0.001, what isthe probability that out of 2000 i ividuals, more than 2 will suffer from unfavorable reaction?22. 23. 24, 25, 21. 28, 29, (5) ‘The chance of coal miner being killed in a mine accident is 1/1400 during a calendar year. What is probability ‘that a mine with 3500 employers will have atleast one accident in a year? (a) 0.164 (b) 0.492 (©) 0.618 (0.918 A card is drawn from a well-shuflled pack of 52 cards. A sequence of 156 trials is made. What is the probability of getting a queen of clubs at least once? @ (yt ©! Suppose flaws (cracks, chips, specks, ete.) occur on the surface of glass with density of3 per m?. Whats the probability of there being exactly 4 flaws on a sheet of glass of area 0.5 n?? (a) 0.047 (b) 0.168 (©0815 (60.647 Inacertain communications system, there is an average of 1 transmission error per 10 seconds. What isthe probability of more than | error in a communication one-half minute in duration? (02 (b)0.32 (0.56 (08 ‘The number of misprints on a page of the Daily newspaper has a Poisson distribution with mean 1.2. The probability that the number of errors on one pageiis less than 3, is (0.48 (059 (0.73 (0.88 ‘The manager ofa industrial plant is planning to buya XRD machine of ether type A or type B. For each day's ‘operation the number of repairs X, that the XRD machine A needs isa poisson random variable with mean 0.96. The daily cost of operating A is C, = 160+40X7. ForXRD machine B, let Ybe the random variable indicating the numberof daily repairs, which has mean 1.12 and the daily cost of operating Bis C, Which of the following statements is CORRECT? (a) Machine A has higher expected daily cost compared to machine B, (b) Machine A has lower expected daily cost compared to machine B. (©) Machine thas same expected dailycost as machine Bs (a) Necessary information isnot givento calculate the expected dailyeostof the machines, ‘Students ofa class were given an aptitude test, Their marks were found to be normally distributed with mean 60 and standard deviation 5. What percentage of students scored more than 60 marks? (a) 0.25 (b) 0.5 (06 (0.75 ‘A manufacturer produces airmail envelopes whose weight is normally distributed with a mean 1.95 g and S.D. (0.05 gm. The envelopes are sold in lots of 1000. How many envelopes ina lot will heavier than 2 gm? (78 (b) 142 (155 (@221 A, la Sarat, Near, New Del First Flor, Mall road, GTB. Nagar (Met iS30. 31 33. 34. Ina test on 2000 electric bulbs, it was found that the life ofa particular bulb was normally distributed with an average life of 2040 hours and standard deviation of 60 hours. How many bulbs likely to burn for more than 2160 hours? (as (65 ©s4 (@ 105 COMMON DATA FOR Q. 31 & Q. 32 ‘Consider the following probability distribution function: P( exp[-(x°~ax)/207] 1 0° elie ‘The mean ofthe random variable xi. (x) willbe @o ( a/2 (© -a/2 wo ‘The ratio (x)/., where ¥ is the most probable value and (x) is the mean value of the variable x, is @ 12 () OF @1 COMMON DATA FOR ©. 33 & 0. 34 ‘Consider the following probability distribution function: P(x) = 26% (where 2 isa positive constant) ‘The meanofthe random variable i. (x) , willbe 1 2 @o 7 oF @2 ‘The uncertainty in the random variable x will be a0 wt 2 ’ (a) a % Oy WMA 1.@) 2.) 40 5.) 60 7. @) 8. (6) 9.© 10. (b) u.@ 12@ 3@ 4@ 15.) 16.(b) 17.(b) 18.) 19.6) -20.(@)— 21.6) 22.) 23.) -24.@) 25.) 26.) 27-@) 28.) 29.0) 30.(a2) 31.) 32.) 33.6) 34.) 1-26851008, 26861009 www.careerendeavoursom y Det, 546224,