em
Chapter2: Coordinate Syrtins: ancl Trensfumetan.
2) Intectsctow:
® Physical quent hies ts EM are fndous F space andtrne-
Kn arthegoral yon is one tn alec He coorobinate sucfaces are mutually
Papen diculam. Leg. Catesion,errahr eylindiial, spherecl, ellpte
3
De. = Ay ag: Ga, =) Cylinclel comPorwits
ofS
ae Bap Fin Bg &
y Sin B ap 4 cos Bay
dee ie
eaMiodr veal
Contaneits SR
or
>
Ip= cos B Rr snd &
s
A= smb arcs g &
=
x
car
B= (Racor he hy sn B G2 +L Ax sin BrOycrs) ay +. Se
OF Ap= Aycos PrbysinS
fo: sinh ©
“8 6 wee
Ags -Axsiag pst
“cosh anh A
\ntecse Vianna .\ | ae ose a6 7
An martex Soem +
Ass Ap
2 RY: Spherica® Gordnekis (v9, ¢): Rist P cepaseted as CU 8 Z)
rs distance fom He erigin & panb P
o tadits Fa sphere. centered at oyyr ave) Passing,
though P.
B: Coluthule angles aqgk befueen tle Bans
ank Posifin vector f P.
g: fadaredl fone the y-0n'¢ (same Qzmutol
agg le ow egret aochindas) ,
Okr >»
> 2 are uni
Rz (Ae, Ba, Ag) or Ay Ge +Ag a+ Ag%e, pwhane A A, Ay are unit
Neder in the 6 & J directions.
S a at, gat
& Wagateda. § Rs (RY (Als Bos A)
Barco
Y= Pains
X2 rsinBas
Ye ran 6 ao
Zz: sO
&
x Reldiinchips behuor 2,
BR We Actin pelvecn te> Piste ot Pechicn vectors Gand Gis:
ale -F \
ee eee tacahh cacy (cartesian)
O2 Pla R206 5 (A-B)r(a-2)* (Indeed)
EDEL are Hes B, cos, — 24 4,518 sir Gos (B-4)
Cphecieah) Example 2.1: PC-2,6,3) arch vecke RSs Gx 2S Exess Pad &
we Calindvica arch s@erical coorkinekis. Fveluda R OP a the GAresian,
caNindevca ema oQhencal syglens «
@Pixs-2, 9-6 223
Pe Weages (anaes 632 7 [eager et
. CE): © gs tad VR. a VE 2 b46e
Bo Ee WCE IES A. tad ies 2 ten
* Cockesioo Lylindhieat Spherical
Pe-2,6,3)= Plé32, (0433) PCF EGE, (06. 43°) 9
s
N@P; Cetesian 5» Re bar ® &: BP DR . a Cane
vette KR Ax=4, Ag: x42, Ag20
Cyndie > \is s\ ae oe “| |
Ap = yeas B + (+2) sinh
Age -ysine + 2) asd
Az20
Since Xz Peosfonck y= PSinH, 5 .
R ‘ ind Jantl -Pan' Br (cosh)
R= (Np, Ag Be): Bessa Leese 29 oJ, ree
oe
@P:P21% , ton
Tas; ess 4:
: - 6
i , singe e Ss ;
36 2,2
re [ime - ft ie % +3): Te ee ee A
6 > 2
-4-
SnQcsp SrOsinh cos®
abst» pet ces ont esrO |) ee
ox Ace ~ (xx2z) sin® .
~ yos® cosh Gare) sO 8! no
2 aysnGs (xB cosh
Gt =o, AGFA - 6.008 % Since Ker snOteo$ , Yr Csin sing, 22 reosO,
Re Wy, Ae, Mg) = Lain" cs O singh + (sind cos Brees 2) 5n0 800] FB + v[sin8 cor8 sinh
eos + Gin ange 30 cos © 5 nh Jy tr [Hein D + (sin cos By
cos ) esa ay
- vz
had
TK 2 E_ , cos 2, $hO=
hus: cos B= ee , sin Z? Te" z
a: : - Ve 6 1P 4% 2.2.2
A> Oe re BUPE = +3) ; Lao ¥ Te me
2S iae(e oe a 2243 $2}
Te, aoe
- Z-- aeCH a ated sabe Ve) E
7 7% ° Te “@ 2
\ Rosy ay] -IRCPg at -1RUr,e.an\= 698 _™ sou
Exanple 2.2 Express te vector eee eg a reebage Gy An Cachesian
cai coordi, FIM Re -3,4,0) ank bes, =
,72)
SnGesh esOaosd Sel
SO sted CHOSHH = |
eae - 3n8
“ &= Ss TES Se sia
By: Je ain cob veoste sie 4 cosh
Ge: ©
88 — cos O50
Smee ¢2 (Re, bE gs te’
Tos sin == Deiat doe: B+ a ae 2)
age” (ae
Page SO
x
eng - 2-9 csp: X= _
g Pr Wrage 2 Pr Recars
toast _ Jeet ate
eS
. . —
oe te oon Hegre hs
s lox _ ees
age” aa. a") Vos 3D
z x x
By: wl . Oo. ee
Ad.
———Se ——
aghee Paty SE RSE ae
2 09. __ sey
wage Gayegie) Mas
loe
Bet ae See - SEE VK
pg Txt Ee + .
B. Bar Gyn BeM were &, Oy, be ae as just giler
@034,0), x23 y24, 220,80
By. 4o
> te Ze
0 2g tO ee
ws >
hus 5 Be -2asay
% Phercad te CylndvienL
a ‘Sin@ cos O te
Bos L. ° eo l res6
a es -snO o i
Bo: HE ant 6 00
Ly: |
Z. 10 cwsO-05I0 Asin
zo
Since Pe PR ancl O:butL ,
gn.
=
» <8 O-=
> >, /
Bt Ig* Se
a= Pe ze
= ==) Vexz/) =
OCS E,2), p25, b> Ez 2-2,s0
cee ° 2.2 >
= > > 20 10) 5? 2 tay Gola
Be (Bt EGY G+ eer
@ls+40 > ?
[Blxy, 2] = 18626, 2))2 189 @)) = 2.907
2S Goskiab Cardinale Sagfaces* bu
He Sofices ve coordivdke syffems are gereatel by Keepy M*
Codind® Vertables eAteat ond aMhowing he Awe os Ke Say
Rowes 27-29,
: ips evnctet ad yard ZV, infinite Plane is generat el
ecenstent ,infin'te Planes are gered
gOS Ke geskal y= censtenG 2- in ) 3
xB xe const gy 2 cancdent, line wth thee Pork CFigue 27 APO)
fs gecerabed “beng parallet t tHe Z~uis. ® Pz corstaat > circular eglincler
* B= constuit a semi-infin‘le phae wie HE edge abag 2 ans.
% 2: conchot—> same ixfnite plane as in Cartesian Systm .
# whee two suduees meat ic etter a the o- a cicle,
ef ze castect 2: condant, @ circle 1s generated A tacks P (OPRI Fgwe
28).
¥ IF 2. constint, go -conttart, a cemi-infinite Wine & goreratecl
4 C= constant > sphere Ff faclus mw th HE center eb Ceorgin
4B: constant > Circular cone with Che 2-ans as te ovis aad He orgs
as Levertex
& Dz enttaat > Sem- ifnite plane 4s im He gylncbr syiten .
GF recnstnt, Se aastort a ne ts formedandl 2 sentdrel Passes
Prrough Berd Pas in Figure 2.9.
vine vector fiells are gir by P--SGyt Ode 3ay
al Fz Ge 42G%,-62- Cote
a
Oiler Bp |? % of:
i 2
Example 2.3: Too vay
© (-b0-8) AB 1 (3- 304g +6-l0-ID
(-6, -2F, -20)
[Ex2 2 (CORA + OS: 74.06
Dy) Te vecke componest of Pat (5, 2) Parallel + He \nex.2, 2-3
line X22, 223 Is Palak tthe yas We componect FE Perllch te
tte giver Nine Is (- a
Since ot PUSH,3), a
res
Bane 8
tos os EOD,»
ea ag ay ee 2g, 2 Sap lo -s
© Te angle Hat 2 ruse whe Ue eabuce eo 2 eP.
Since tle Zaxie is nemal bbe sufece 2: 3B, we Come USE tle
dot Product 6 find tHe angle between Che saxie arc! E.
Fae 18 IELN1 | cos Op, 2
2 134 cos Og, &
noe = 20.24 > Oe? 74.96°
ll
Hence, pteagle pete, 223 and Bis, 98 bg ALB
eels
