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Benzoic Acid Extraction Procedure Guide

The document describes the extraction of benzoic acid from benzoic acid mixture. It involves dissolving the crude benzoic acid in ethyl acetate, separating it from the mixture using sodium hydroxide solution in a separatory funnel, and precipitating the purified benzoic acid by adding hydrochloric acid to the aqueous layer. The percent yield of benzoic acid extracted is calculated by comparing the original and final masses. Benzoic acid has antimicrobial properties and is used as a preservative in foods and medicines.

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76 views6 pages

Benzoic Acid Extraction Procedure Guide

The document describes the extraction of benzoic acid from benzoic acid mixture. It involves dissolving the crude benzoic acid in ethyl acetate, separating it from the mixture using sodium hydroxide solution in a separatory funnel, and precipitating the purified benzoic acid by adding hydrochloric acid to the aqueous layer. The percent yield of benzoic acid extracted is calculated by comparing the original and final masses. Benzoic acid has antimicrobial properties and is used as a preservative in foods and medicines.

Uploaded by

netflixandchill.nc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Extraction of Benzoic Acid

BENZOIC ACID
Benzoic acid is an organic compound which is described by
the chemical formula C6H5COOH. It consists of a carboxyl group
attached to a benzene ring. Therefore, benzoic acid is said to
be an aromatic carboxylic acid.
Benzoic acid was discovered in the sixteenth century. The
dry distillation of gum benzoin was first described by
Nostradamus (1556), and then by Alexius Pedemontanus (1560) and
Blaise de Vigenère (1596).
In 1875 Salkowski discovered the antifungal abilities of
benzoic acid, which was used for a long time in the preservation
of benzoate-containing cloudberry fruits.
Benzoic acid is a constituent of Whitfield's ointment
which is used for the treatment of fungal skin diseases such as
tinea, ringworm, and athlete's foot. As the principal component
of gum benzoin, benzoic acid is also a major ingredient in both
tincture of benzoin and Friar's balsam. Such products have a
long history of use as topical antiseptics and inhalant
decongestants.
Benzoic acid was used as an expectorant, analgesic, and
antiseptic in the early 20th century.
Reagents and Apparatus:
Reagents: benzoic acid, sodium chloride, distilled water, ether
Apparatus: 10 ml graduated cylinder, beaker, spatula, balance,
wire gauze, tripod, Bunsen burner, rubber tubing, separatory
funnel (NOTE: handle with care, very expensive), evaporating
dish, stirring rod, iron stand, iron clamp.
PROCEDURE
1. Dissolve 4.01 g benzoic acid, 2.5 g sodium chloride, amino-
acetophenone in a beaker containing 100 ml ethyl acetate. Heat
to facilitate dissolution.
2. Cool to room temperature and pour into separatory funnel. Add
15 ml NaOH. Stopper and shake thoroughly
3. Allow the two liquids to separate into distinct layers. Add
food coloring. Then withdraw the aqueous layer by decantation
and put it into an evaporating dish.
4. the aqueous layer will be added with the HCl and put in the
ice to collect the precipitate formed.
VIRTUAL LABORATORY: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wLtbfQcvwMk

DATA AND RESULT:

Weight of original benzoic acid (g)


Amount of benzoic acid extracted (g)

Precipitated Benzoic acid:

Physical Properties Observation


Color
Texture
Odor

Discuss the function of each chemical in the extraction of benzoic


acid

CHEMICALS PURPOSE
Ethyl acetate
NaOH
Food coloring
HCl
Ice
RESULT:

The experiment began with 4.01 grams of crude benzoic acid mixture,
which was subjected to an extraction. After the extraction process in a
separatory funnel, vacuum filtration, only 1.97 grams of the mixture
remained. The mass significantly dropped during this process because
the mixture went through purification by the removal impurities.
According to the data, the percent yield comparing the original and
final data can be calculated by:

CALCULATION

Conclusion:

Learning Evaluation:

1. Discuss the antimicrobial property of benzoic acid.


2. What form of benzoic acid is used as preservative?

3.
What is a Whitefield’s ointment? What are the major
components of Whitefield’s ointment?

4.
What is/are the disadvantage/s of using benzoic acid as
preservatives?

Definition
of terms:

 Antiseptic

 Disinfection

 Pasteurization

 Bactericidal

 Bacteriostatic
Learning Assignment

The following are benzene compounds. Discuss the pharmaceutical


uses of each compound.

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