The Muscular System.
Done By:
Shivalee Abiraj
Shenelle Chandler
Madison Babwah
Samara Lalman
Contents
Introduction 1
The Functions of the Muscular System 2
The Types of Muscles 3
The Labelling of The Muscular System 4
The Muscles at Work 5
Conclusion 6
References 7
Introduction
The muscular system is a complex network of tissues and organs that work together to
allow movement and maintain the body's posture. It is made up of over 600 muscles, the
muscular system is responsible for many of functions including locomotion, digestion,
respiration, and even communication. From the tiny muscles that control the movement
of our eyes, to the powerful muscles that allow us to lift heavy objects, the muscular
system is a necessary part of our overall health and wellbeing. Understanding how the
muscular system works, and how to keep it healthy, is important for maintaining an
active and fulfilling lifestyle.
The Functions of the Muscular System
It allow human movement.
It allows the development of strength, endurance and speed.
It helps other body systems do their work
The Types of Muscles
There are 3 types of muscles:
1. Striated or Skeletal Muscles
2. Smooth Muscles
3. Cardiac Muscle
Striated or Skeletal Muscles
Striated or Skeletal Muscles are attached to the skeleton. These muscles are controlled
consciously, when the person decides to move, so they are often called voluntary
muscles.
Smooth Muscles
Smooth Muscles are mostly found in layers and form the muscle part of the digestive
tract, the bladder, blood vessels and the skin. They are not controlled consciously, so they
are often called involuntary muscles.
Cardiac Muscle
Cardiac Muscle form the major part of the heart, and contracts and relaxes cotinuously to
provide the pumping action. This action is not consciously controlled so cardiac muscle is
also often called involuntary muscle.
The labelling of the Muscular System
The Muscles at work
When you move a part of your body, some muscles must contract; they return to their
original length.
There are two main types of muscle contractions:
Isotonic contractions occur when any part of the body moves and involves a
change in the length of the muscles. There are two types of Isotonic contractions:
▫ Concentric contraction occurs when the muscle shortens, for example when
you bend your arm upwards.
▫ Eccentric contraction occurs when there is a gradual controlled released of
a muscle contraction. This is often called a “lengthening” contractions,
although the word “lengthening” is misleading. In fact muscles do not
actually lengthen; they return to their normal resting length.
Isometric contractions do not change the length of the or hand do not cause
movement. Examples of Isometric muscle contractions are pushing against a wall
or holding an object in a stationary position.
To allow movement, muscles work in pairs. For example, when you bend your arm
upwards, the muscle of the upper arm contracts while other muscles relax. The muscles
which contract to carry out the movement are called prime movers. The muscles which
relax to allow this movement are called antagonists.
Muscles at work are given different names according to the role they play in
movement.
Examples are:
Flexor – muscles that bend a limb at a joint.
Extenders – muscles strengthen a limb at a joint.
Adductors – muscles that move limbs towards the midline of the body.
Abductors – muscles that move limbs away from the midline of the body.
Conclusion
The muscular system is an amazing network of tissues and organs that allows us to move,
breathe, and perform a wide range of essential bodily functions. To maintain healthy
muscles, understanding how the muscular system works is key to achieving this goal. By
staying active, eating a balanced diet, and taking care of our bodies, we can ensure that
our muscles remain strong and healthy for years to come.
References:
Google
Caribbean Physical Education 1-2-3 by G. Lay
The World of Sport examined 2nd Edition Oxford by Paul Beashel, Andy Sibson and John
Taylor
My Physical Education notebook
