15.

PROBENECID (GOUT)

Drug Class Musculoskeletal drug<gout>

Generic Name Probenecid

Brand Name Probalan, benemid

Dosage Forms Tabs 500 mg twice daily for 1 week

MOA  Increases renal excretion of uric acid by blocking its renal tubular
reabsorption.

Indications  Gout, long-term treatment

Precautions -Allergy to probenecid

- History of blood dyscrasias.
-G6PD deficiency—risk of haemolytic anaemia.
Side Effects Rash, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, flushing, sore gums, alopecia,
urinary frequency, uric acid kidney stones.
Storage

Patient counselling -This medicine may be taken with food to reduce stomach upset.
–Do not take aspirin for pain relief as it will reduce the effect of probenecid.

-Make sure that you drink lots of fluids during treatment to prevent kidney
stones.

Drug-Food Interaction -

Drug- Disease - History of blood dyscrasias.

Interaction –G6PD deficiency—risk of haemolytic anaemia.

aspirin + probenecid

Drug-Drug Interaction Aspirin reduces uricosuric effect of probenecid; avoid aspirin and/or salicylates
during probenecid treatment; the use of low-dose aspirin (antiplatelet).

Dosage Forms To Be 250 mg twice daily for 1 week. Maintenance, 500 mg twice daily, increasing if
Used necessary every 4 weeks (by increments of 500 mg) up to 2 g daily in divided
doses.

When to see doctor -experienced painful/difficult urination, blood in urine or urine is cloudy/foamy.
 ALLOPURINOL

Drug Class

Generic Name Allopurinol

Brand Name Zyloprim

Dosage Forms 100 mg Tabs

MOA Reduces uric acid production.

Indications GOUT Long term Treatment

Precautions Renal & Hepatic impairment

Allergy to Allopurinol

Side Effects Itchy, rash

storage Normal room temperature

Patient counselling  Taken after food to reduce stomach upset

 Administer allopurinol after the acute gout attack

 Drink plenty of water to avoid kidney stones

Monitor acid level after every four weeks

 Avoid drinking alcohol

Drug-Food Interaction

Drug- Disease  Hypertension, diabetes, kidney problem

Interaction

 Do not take with other drugs such as; amoxicillin it may cause high risk in
rash
Drug-Drug Interaction
 AZETHIOPRINE

Dosage Forms To Be
Used

When to see doctor If you have been developing severe rash, swollen lips/mouth, stop taking
allopurinol
COLCHICINE

Generic Name Colchicine

Brand Name Colgout

Dosage form used in SI EML 0.5mg Tabs

MOA Inhibits neutrophil migration, chemotaxis, adhesion and

phagocytosis in the inflamed area (Reduces inflammatory
reaction to urate crystals

Indication Relief pain in Acute GOUT

Precaution Renal Impairment

Ulcer

GI Disease

Side Effects Diarrhea, nausea, a plastic, anaemia, thrombocytosis.

Dosage 1mg ASAP then 500mcg 1hr later. Do not repeat the course
within 3 days wait after 12 hr. before resuming

Storage Store at normal room temperature

IMPORTANT COUNSELLING POINTS

How to take drug? When to take?  Do not take more than 3 tablets (1.5 mg) in a course
to treat acute gout or repeat the course within
(Drug administration)
3 days. Take 1mg (2 Tabs) ASAP daily

 Taken orally

Ancillary Instructions  Can be taken with or without food

Side Effects  Diarrhea, nausea, a plastic, anemia, thrombocytosis.

Interaction  Avoid grape fruit juice it may increase amount of

Colchicine in the blood stream

 Avoid taking other drugs during treatment such as;

Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, it may increase
Colchicine toxicity concentration

Consulting Doctor/ Pharmacist if;  Stop taking this medicine, and tell your doctor if you
develop severe diarrhea or vomiting; muscle pain,
 tenderness or weakness; numbness or tingling in
your fingers or toes; unusual bleeding or bruising or
an infection.

 Tell doctor is you are on treatment on other

medication

Check Patients understanding about  Any QUESTIONS?

drug