Composite Construction «© Composite beam * Acomposite beam is one whose cross-section consists of two or more elements of different materials, acting together while carrying some or all of the loads * Composite prestressed concrete consists of precast prestressed beams and cast insitu concrete. * The insitu portion is not usually prestressed and therefore, often consists of lower grade concrete provided with ordinary reinforcement. * After the insitu concrete has hardened, the two elements perform as one. * Depending on the stiffness, the precast member can be designed to carry the weight of the in situ concrete or can be propped, so that it carries only its self-weight during casting. @Tsonlineacademy Owipe Left« In latter case, the props are removed when the concrete has hardened and the weight of insitu topping is then carried by the composite action. Leper eeerererr ere JOOO OK eyzpeecezes Oe “Typical cross sections of eocaposite Beams. to) 0210618 SPK-PSG Cotlege of Technotogy 3castinateu topping {O00000 precan proteauioned pla (0) Pretensioned plank plus topping (a}Slaband girder casinos th erin gab precast Team precast (¢) Single T-reetions (8) Double T-ections: ‘cast-ln-sin flange reast ough girder (Trough girder 0206/18 SPKPSG College of TechnotogyAdvantages.... ¢ Economical ¢ Less time consuming * Reduction in the false work and shoring cost * No need of formwork and scaffoldings * CIPC slab provides continuity at the ends of elements over adjacent spans ° Provides stability to girders 020618 SPK-PSG College of Technology 5Types of composite construction ¥ Propped Construction * The dead load stress developed in the precast prestressed units can be minimized by propping them while casting the concrete in situ. ¥ Unpropped Construction > If the precast units are not propped while placing the in situ concrete, stresses are developed in the unit due to the self- weight of the member and the dead weight of the in situ concrete. oanare SPK-PSG College of Technology 6cies Hoesen n tupac Compete Gixeevesin 026/18 SPK-PSG College of TechnotogyAnalysis and Design....... * Analysis Problem - Given data * Sectional properties * Length of the member * Load conditions. — Result * Internal stresses or forces * Design problem — Given data + Length of the member * Load conditions. * Forces or stresses — Result * Sections to be checked for its adequacy o2inans SPK-PSG Collage of TechnologyAnalysis of composite sections for concrete stresses * The flexural stresses are calculated using elastic analysis. * Let the flexural stress be denoted as f, the bending moment M and section modulus or elastic modulus Z, then M Sats * Bending moment is computed from the self weight of the Precast unit and the weight of wet cast in situ slab concrete in case of unpropped construction. * On the other hand, in propped construction, the weight of concrete fs not considered as the propping of the beam relieves the weight of the wet concrete in the situ slab. 020618 SPK-PSG College of Technology 8Problem-1 ¢ A precast pretensioned beam of rectangular section has a breadth of 100 mm and a depth of 200 mm. the beam with an effective span of 5 m is prestressed by tendons with their centroids coinciding with the bottom kern. The initial force in the tendons is 150 kN. The loss of prestress may be assumed to be 15 percent. The beam is incorporated in a composite T - beam by casting a top flange of breadth 400 mm and thickness 40 mm. if the composite beam supports a live load of 8 kN/m*. Calculate the resultant stresses developed in the precast and insitu concrete assuming the pretensioned beam as: (a) Unpropped, (b) propped during the casting of the slab. Assume the same modulus of elasticity for concrete in precast beam and insitu cast slab. 0206/18 SPK-PSG College of Technology 10Section properties of the pre-tensioned beam A= (100% 200) = 20000 mm? x 2 ee = 667. 10 mm! Initial prestressing force, P= 150 kN ax ioxte)| . 2P) Stresses dus 10 prestressing force = ( 4 } = [ 20000) = 1$N/mm? atthe bottom and zero al the top fibre respectively Effective prestress after tosses = (0.85 x 1) = 12.8 Nimm? Self-weight of the precast beam = (0.1 ¥ 0.2 x 24x 10!) = 480 N/m Self-weight moment = (0.125 x 480 x 57) = 1500 Nm (500000) Stresses al lop and bottom fibre = — = 22.25 Nimm* (667 10") o2mer8 SPK-PSG College of Technology WSelf-weight of in situ cast slab = (0.04 x 0.4 x24 x 10°)=384 Nm at Moment duc ta slab-weight = (0.125 x 3845?) = 1200 Nm (1200000) — =41,8Nimm* (667 x10") Stresses due to stab-weight in the precast section = Section properties of tke conspastte section Distance of the centroid ftom the top fibre = 87 mm o2ieer18 SPR-PSG College of Technology 2Second werent of tay {1985 10 mt Second moduli, Z% = 4225 x 10) mm? Zi = (128 x 10mm! Live load on the composite section = (04 x 18000) = 3200 Nm ‘Maxirmun livesload moment = {0.125 x 3200 « 5*)= 10000 Nin tiv toad weetses ta the compose scion mip = (185 to) «445 ie! eon 107 earn? putoon « (125 <1") 74830 Genin Wc rend Mah ppd sti of oie oem cn ann duos 20 Na feet uot one icone ctn )-08 Nhe? (compression! Atbotiom “( ) 0.98 3mm? ensiom yon iexio® of arteazes for the various stages of losing for the propped and unpropped The distribu construction is shown in Fig. o2iagr18 SPK-PSG College of Technology 8canara sas as 4% Stresses Nimen?- ma—| i o & 0] Unpeoppod ++ Compression rn tome Osa 445 408 ” \E ih / 6 128 225 Tas (178 (bP roped Fig. Stresses in Precast Pro-tonsionad Boam and Cast in situ Stab SPR-PSG College of Technology 44Differential Shrinkage « In composite construction, the precast prestressed beams are resisting the applied loads along with the cast In situ slab. + Precast elements were placed earlier, creep and shrinkage wauld have already taken place. * The wet concrete of slab is laid over the precast unit, and the shrinkage and creep continues. * The magnitude of the tensile force is computed as Nsheées Ec Ai where Nsh = Magnitude €cs = Shrinkage strain Ec = Modulus of elasticity of insitu concrete Ai = Cross sectional area e268 SPK-PSG College of Technology 15Saaimamene 7 ) ACAD TIN BBS } SEE Z all BBS Basic Course - = /BEST A i BBS Advance Course ae PRICE 749 BBS Course Soft Copy 5 ae ie BBS Automatic Calculation BBS Tutorials 24*7 Call& Chat Support Bar Bending Schedule 7499 Join Now