A Simele Ace wore Ree _ = Choon verme IMP. TS Code IS=4+SG\r000 Design af Rec TS— 98 — Earthquake Load TS— B81w - Woker dant: a TS - Mee ~ WysD gar BS = NOLEA - Cones Me Proportion. TS — QoS — Pedgn of Load Beoriyg used TS— \BVB — Prestressed Come. wz somm size & coarse ogg: Sv ey Sac ater rat Ser good workability = FOMm @® more Coarse agg. Size + 4: Size o& Member. For Congested Reinforcement were — Loeam ogy Size. Pr valve aS @ : Free woker used Tn Ree sores, Fer comtere cemerde -viokey reacHton Requtrement of water [cement Ash) EB qos Contre) — Ted + Yo waker @ TS- 4028 Rablo Is era - O28. LC QS% Bee Fe Ploin Cemerk Corer (PCC) Bore erm Reingorcemenk Cone. LACE) Gov PPA Qo {PM CPCCD — soo PRM LRCCd Suspended moder — Qpoo tM\- Prestressed Cone 2. Come. In Siku. BH Conetke Ts a writhe mekertal + ; Ho Ser prevent Lemgors) pritteness we are provide Steel. The bond bls greek Nd Cones Ensvre Siredth Compadioitiy « Waa S soon 4e tn case I deme Vartoklon the Bonding |S nok gore Sor gel ‘ — Omen Grady of Cone: > Ordinary come: — Mio mis mas CFNOD RY Moderate | Standerad conc. — MAS— MEe C8Nd) »> Wigh Siengty Core — MCS — Mico (Noy | TRRRASE) 18-302: 1970 Fine aggpegake < aetsmm. ea- Attenale Greening 3 Hortus coaeeey eet gam Cd: ents YL wrtle Conbrentonted Repeats > aorebilsly by vse Ale entraud Expesore Cenaitions: ommsice agg sey, — Admisanes') Z Some ste: eth G64) POEL [ear el ane Ie TA Nominal [MIA Comak] Man, ead Grade | Conergy) Ye. rede en) festering] vice wld _ 2av or 60 M20 | 20 Bow ess ( Nossreks woe Es ste [eras | 90 aoe orse Me Severe [M20 | 260 eas iota ee oe ose Exiteme.[ Mas | 2¢0 640, ited = ere sia . Moo ts Sebo Oto. te Plane Cement Cone, ——3ke—— Reinforced Cement Cone. ——3} Min corade — % Gomme sed er Ale BS ata \ueny Poe Mats Cmoderate) TUT OFT dia oT HT as AY A ® — M2» LMiLd) ® (GS) ase Geer a amet EN [Compressive _Shergiy AS-ste sige. . determined bay CT ( Size o$ Cebe _ yso%1g0 XI1S0 Stee oF qylteder — goox 200 sla) % Size oF spectmenk Area Ay 18 lnvergodky, gropotignal to He Come. Strreng the [Serge oh 4 BR This retaklon is valid optalsso mm),Relator lolus Shrength ok Fevbe & Coytinders Qylinder BAT AT STIS Eicon 85 User ar ar gear E| CharectersHe Comp: Strength .[ES-+36: 2eco] Sh ses fait LL @ 150 Size cube - 28 days S8* Fesk pass. | iuiky | abe Normal PreteoP\ (| standerad Detckto a = J HGS Ute MG Kiieotiens, | . : | KH Spread of standered devtokion mrasme quolky contrel | Soy = Sm- KO trenoroll KOS . | ‘3 fone waren sorte FAL LSOmH1) | : @ = Test Results | Standered deviakion 9 (Mia) | ga > Tenge meen Strength: Mio-MIS) = as JeAae > tnarecterstc, Comp: Strength: M2o-M2S — a0 | M30 Mordgj—- So 4 [Ldampie oF Frequency] | Alyy oF Lsert. Em3) min wor OF Semple i= 6 - 4 G- 1s - 2 ) 19-20 ~ 3 \ . Bs-So a % aay additional Per Soms or cart Mere by | Receptonce Gyro Xe (+85 404g — Ss — Ws Fog K Indivisudl voriklon $ L151 conan Rey Cees Osa] For MAS 2 Above Compr | =| Mean of gyreop 0 crmsicollve, rest Resubks CNImm?) H Seer eBse : e whith ore s max Se xB >) ansdsvck test Resulk FS Kye-2 , When nor of samfe ig ess than @ . thon rncan of teat result = Efcu ae] Apsiisucl test = [See-2] ~~ \ it 7 . Conctyston Lime Bena YS So S Geer o025e} Bg (Sen —018) ¢ for HSex+3) Sous Chareekerstte Comp: Strength Se = Come Strength Sens Pexoral shength. (Core Tess] Fig. equowolenk Core = oes Soe Casto fed Non amndividval eore = ols See CtS7, F Sex) SJE SAvens — strain Come Sor Concrete: Rene Linear (9.002 raratote + Linear vp te Fatlure) May Stress , 01002 Strain FLEA ster eh owt By Vikmeke strata o.oo -ooos fo-ar—o-st) Mer Sl Cone. mrade # — eritHeness T —Medutas of elasticity + o ~ Pocky y ms Modolas of elastiettyy ex Axlalstess Axiod strain \s Tongenk Modules oF elashictty uae ke yee . 2 anthal Aangent Modo loro. Tyroorte, modubas oF eberstictty B Secomk modular of elastiedy. =~ Stakle modvlas. Seconk medias of elastelty Cxejay a Storing come 2 Par at Ray ay store of axtter BA =e iF modelos % Seemt modubas AT ackvel HE G20) FS vary HO weer © \ Y Bee ee Cuorthin elosHe Umit) € €\> es> & CLwtthhy east, © postic Umit) aj (Ree Geet p= _biNineke cxcer shpin —_g= creer cnessicions Blase Strat, Permanak deformakior de to time periad ok constant Load +Ce Imp. Facks @ creep: 8 — Creep BRT BH QT meease GET Ve] 3x — fake of creep RUSS ap deceace der ZH Creep srratn Bt s ater EE UlMmake IA ITS — Creer Coegssictenk depends age oS Loading He Leng, tore modulos of + WS — BQ Stostieity tea) = SvO SR. RB Caylee 8 Lyear — ut mech da | | creep Coessictenk. — Oreep & BOT — er) A creep — eleastics z uk Ec) short aeym % Cee. Yr = Sheinkage BT mad ART cement @ Hydraon oS-cemerk, i Shrinkage Sevan = 00003 @ 3x%i8* aa (Tensile. ‘Shergih of Coneete} = Cone AY sAengthe Strength seGr come: Strength Grog AT Gets) eer | ' — Tense Strength AS used For coleudake @ tearcking momen: Moe ore go aype of tensile strengths sesh. s— olreck Aensile rect. Wil don"t this fest beeawse materia Ls Won— Homegenesus: & SATs ameentradkion, ; ON gents) SBE y B— Hexvrol terete tet @ Beolnk E 3 point Laadinget Carhoctest) Specimen size = 1SOK LTO RTOS MM Sample 2 Bar ar a FY Lettc- sote Seat oTar EH) os th cu| TS-+se12000 Sey - Flexural sensile. Strength GF Modvlas of raptor B- Spdtt qylnadricad kes. @ two Une Load . Spbik tensile stren Be = St | ndd Wecsone) fem = oreoser > [0-66 xo tee = See} Bedesve > Gewdeyrinder > Ser > See > SdReinforce ment Stee\ ls more economical @ other matertal. Hhermad exqarton of Steel m +hermal expantton of Cone [ase Seo] (Strain Compatiaditita) : Fatteostrg, grade oF steel: ASH Feago — wit Steel Fe Sood WG ELAS 122 Fe Soo Recems Develo ped WYSD Steel oo oe b “8 ; Fe Geo Gor a Sveriithy — Me yield shength oF steel {s raken ae choreckershe Strengt fer the shee\, Stress - Stray cone Sue steel is. Es = ee meg Yield Sirepsih fer CaS PeSeo is Adlen @ 0-97 Grain. Byres oF Steel. Some ermpee tension, Mid steel — RYSD Steel — Cooled wished deform Bor. mH L lace = leco%e) MAE Layer Aherme mechanteadlyy arecked tor. A HYSO SMI BT ET duetile ATT Hy (ts procde te Hard loyer LMertanese Aims revde Bho Se ayer Comesion, Strength +) Ferdite, perbite Speetak case ») @icigtanc @ Provide dvckbity, ” Ser BE Onergcked seatlon — tension ralcen oy Steak 4 Cone: S& > Bur cracked aecklon — jenston daken toy Steel only te . aA AL wacked lo amok appeared In Beam ham hak Is max tensile Strength. csressy In steel, seevE - 2023 Strain Compabletbry Sez STH Last Soot Fee. Gs = =o. s wars 2418 os = AT Wa,Working Stress Method — Weis based om elastic theory — Stess- strain dig. Jenear. — Conk vsed comellete property eb mokeral, % The meerial pehaves in Linear elashie manner: Mineo elashle meunner Stress adr any Section < rermissible Umi Cshess) fermigsible shese = Strengtek moter Eos: Factor of satty os) *% FOr Come, — 2 pe Wem 10 bending (FoSeone« = 4 For Steck — 118 | tT Permissible stress for Steet (Eat Feaso - 14 | feais - 230 & S2omm FeSseo ~ 216 ee permissible shess of moo = BS we 1 imme | Wn case of G>2emMe C54) for FASO EAL to Nima WEL wind @ eorthqoake Load 35 destaig AT Permiss tote Beress — sheeh Cost) FET Conc A Cotte) Cased ar ae YH Madulus of alerstelty oF Sheol Maddlas of Clashary of Cone. Grade oS Conc: Stee) (9) modular Raklo Un) = Was creep is ack conslered M-2e 1 BBB = ae me geis] WoT poe = -30 : . Corns 2 2S parla eee p Considered Meas cc Ag M40 12 tt 3Seoe Modular Raklo my 1S ae drversaly propetimal to the CEeg Sai oat eal iG % @ seain companbili SSAssumption of WSM_ i \ WW Plane seekton baSore. roenaing. Plane remains aSter wend, AY Saves - Strain Xy: Ys Uneor. AR Bawalid Sor deep Beewm. Wy Mess ce for Ga Q> Mik cag Sor Centnovs, D SAUL Aensile stress is Aaken by Steel only. — Area o& Core. below NAL tg negieeled — tensile shvess of ame ts Sgrored SP medutor Rakto Ve = 888. | @ T3466 +2000 Boud¢ — Paral oreeg sects Ss) » Pe vadve 8 modules of alarsk dig, oF ame ts constarks vo 5 ae Sinaiy Reingorced secklans — Rekuak Weutral Axis C xa) Don't wortatng ANY Sireas @ streuh on ats Axis. Actvak Oegthos Nevtral Axis Depth Wa) Equal ie = mA one 3) MASE Cd- tad Area YW) Crlerteal Neola Axis (CNA) Balored Seckoy CriHeal na cep (xe) — Over RIF Seaton. ol : onder RIF Seah lacs SiStee @ bes tances (meine t30 4 Kes kd “Are OF Secon K+ etKead nA depthfackor- WP Lahenced Seekton ax y= - Kis depend grade of steel anys | FA FC > ce ee 8 TR Se ga.38 H eel 2 Cone stl\ Sail Simuttencorhy ; +R bre (seas + ORL X> Under RIE Sector Tas Fey Gee seme , ta, 2 eda (Gallet Nalee of (6) Cor ae e cx \y Fe aso - or Condy Comp: Fatlore. Ped 238 (ea) ZY KAP - 0293 Renee RIE Seckion, ey = 1 6 Be Bp Feseo — w Vso $2 Gee See» SR 6 Oe Orimany comp: Fattore-Mement visistance is the Surfin of eross-seekton of Beam nok lenge ©8 Becim. Mee BE csse wth yoy) AED Compression Corce ae 4 (5 Za c= Hea exarEwrrare] YA Tensile Soree. a. \ SE ap= ee Br vs Fee mis > laAst=T Tv Lever Arm— The distance ble cin of Comp Force and cin of ‘tension Force WE Kenour tha Moment = Force ¢ Severs firm, isk tes Momenk Risistance Un) ) ~~ of Rsistance Ws From comp: side _ _. Me Sending moments \me= J oceubeta a 39] — Unter 'R(P Sednon, & Tension sie Ma =m — Golenced Section i 2 xara Le 355 Mea oM— Over RIF Seckion, % For Bolenced Sectlon WAiame = ows 3B (ETE ce ere MQ = Lwe-wra(s- Ze) mee ND @ Ma = aL Ase (d= Beh SE Foe Required Depth CA) | Qe MA CoesMetene = Q= Arsere TK mea a= lee ZF Sever firm factor (1 Ae) For Required Relrgsrce menk ene Kel d-4p UMIT STATE METHOD => . ‘ Nett stede ed Covagse mohNeen tg) Plexore OiStecklem Compression Crerctes n, Shear vibrokion Torkon Q comosion & Creep nok Contider L— aveep Conet dered \ Design Strength of Comertke. = Chareclastte strength Tortiol POS Feu = Chareetershe Streagth ' = OTS Codimete) awe Streas = as : ; (Raktal COs) PESAN SHess = Ons fey Conc. = eS : : Steel = we 2 Pesign SHerB th oF Steel = Chorectenstle sy $y Torti { Ros way : Sy Nteld Svength Ses Shes = 81S. = % Quclily contrad & any HOSIeone. > FOSIekeet LAH x1 Degin Sead = chareckersHe Swad x Pua C0: PesignQoad = aE Load GMds TRY A tre vabitty Be ad: @ & Chorectersthe you. a \ oS HS Chareckerete Sree d RS Code Dead Lod, RE-WU toy -1 Amposed Load ia) TS~BME fark Wind Soad TS~ OU Cor -1y Ts -1993 Seismic Loa Lead Combinektar. Amis stoke. of CoMlagse — WSCA , WS DOYLE We WHEL, Ww COL 4 Lt EUW) Kmts stoke of Serviceerbilily - Won, VCPLAMLIEL) , RLY TLE LyNote Wy wind Sead and Earthquove toad Al shuctnre ae gr ere tit ath od | a = Io Oe ing sildivg Upon) 85 case Ro PorKal Fos 0g Rensidep wer & BI- Mit stake of Colkapse UWimoke PET Amik stoke of Sewice abidity a wordy AN ; Prababtd ores St abidityy of Fallore. + ° si. atl Whol Proabidity = oogrs = grisxtd® Order of Fale = 9 (Overes COS] Safty Factor tse) WW Concrete — Pus (Rehforce mend ws Pesignig vakimake load KEE ax FF TET BEA sewvicenbillky ahr sGrietng [Servite Goad ae cheek I EY LsmM — UkdHmoge Lood & Worteing bead wam, — only Worelng Loads (Rsongtion] In Werte shote of coldarse Under Rlexoral: . 5 i r ire ss seat Ww Plane Secton bebor-Bending Remerins Plane after Gerding. cro: aX ghrads ay vorletion Uneor Bat BI % AL Aencile Stress taken by Steel only 3. Mam. Compressive stra @ in cone is coos in Bending. + Skresa - Serene dh for Cone. Srraly — Mnear = Biress Jo. Lupko o-co2) -& Strerighk Sthe (> 9-002 Shea # — feral (weho oc es Oana WAC Wren is size of specimen ancrease 5 He comp: Strength ec veaseBs . Uentling Strain Sor Steet vot trade SS Steel Srradn (1007 * 01848) Feaso On aon Sew patos Eeseo or 0042, occur ak Streuh asy Made, est wih : nok scecitied iting valve Rote Iq Ready, For Fe! Qroell , HOw ever Ge WS 48612000 Nas oh shoin Forte aso} - Higher’ stain dA itd Steel wid ensore better duckatty B80, We can take Liming stratn @ [o-vozt o 8th) ee e083\ also @ Tension Reinforeemeni- PY gallwre 35 GRIT Moe {eons S88) We ar ky Sear oe | F a G003S ety) 88 ean Over Reingeced Beet © ce coo + OSEAN J perma e828] romte yostss] es % For Mid Steel = gaotn 4 Bateneed Seetion [fey = 9-s07 Under Reinforcement’ Section (Ey 7 9°80? ooO0| 4 {ers 2 ees] es ale Limiting depth for pectrat Axis Wen Gotenced Section) v 7 4 * erooe From almibar teaingte of Skratn SA os eo va me Morin = Woon Oey @ cm 7 wi ooo | & {erceze S853] © k is depends syrade eh sheet ondys Grade oF Steet aay FeRso esa Fee eae \ Fe see Oreo AK Arolysis of stress dig (ie Comp: Forced of Gone:] a8 Total Comp Force, 0.864% See oor, Cr oesce, © AS yay ety Be= 2 ec any i Cv oF Comp Force 18 ack ¥ Srem Top. Ve oar te Ae Area of sinss ay 2 OB GF Seer ty, d= 842 %Olim Lever ArmDesign of Slegy Reinforced Recker vek Beaker: Reinforcement Provide. iA Nensio Aone ofthe Secon. Ackeol A, cat O36 feos Aste % Ase — AAt So, Poston of WA ShiBt downers y Pew — xad So, positon of NA SHEE opeerd: Newt As & A evtrol Axis, oe W> Bod ee i Bcbprovic = Usieatenced ASELin. 4 Be = ves & cae coon OS es oe MGreel& c - a\S | 4 Sao a , AR Cone. wilt Lady | gx FA eon y= Ooty Stevo teneoust. | AP Under Reinforced Section. BP Or Reinforced Seelton, | (Pstlerovise < Rst3 eatenced Pst)proide > Ast eedenceds Xu > Koti Re Ges oreege Ec = 003s Ss B orcort core Sac oronzt OHS es Fc= HFSS be “Reoaysene Fadler fe = ASS ye keeprimary come: Fate Ry = sarty, {m cose pea ctetic Sy SPY Cereshing of corey Note, Steele Wp Seeker ERAIT crashing of cone, Gall Cordis) RE axST aS GPa ytets axar Over Reinforced sectlm are nok permitted because feultme te Site @ Sudden Fatlure wlthook warnk % Fn onder Reinforce ment secklon deStectlo” = crencking are mele moe Ahan over Reinforced sector, WitlecHeJgie > CiMeckhor) of, (Fomek eisistance CAD MR = Comp Porcere Lever Arm GE MR. o Tensile Corce ¥ LeverArm & 36 See: br Bo Mm. (S- 0°42 Toulm) Mos 0: Sy Ase La= ea) = O36Ser. b+ Roll, sos te Onn 2xetieg a \ma. sa ONES See (Cease) Ee WSS See CREM) O33 Sey CCesen)ye Ast For Galenced Seen: eat OSeSeeib HUN = 0ST ASH yy BE Aq rb Audi Astveey, 2 083k +b tops w= tet, 7 een = Se OR Hsia = atra-[ Se) (Shin) rade OF | (rein - usc oF] Reeey | aain Mim Mh Fe2so O88 ONES | OLFOSuEbEE O88 See RAS ore OBIS ey OBR Sutba2 O10F8 Lee Fesoo. oe 6133 Soy O133Seu bd? | O88 See, (BI Under Reinforced Seetton, MR = OB oSee. bet Lhe wae 2a) (comp. Force) Mas O SAy Ase (d= eay LTension Perce’) i. : TET tn case 9% Ser Reinkoreed Seakton Tensile chength of ateet Bsee OBIS Poaitlon of Wevtrad Wats Uxay mers OSbSuy, COT a OUT Ast © == st WA 1S xu © om =} Sectinis onder Ate 4 @® Bolenced sean. SREP analysis ads designing RH, BP WH ease of MA 7 ULiM > gection by ar Weare nok fermitted Anle teak. se Design @ Devbly Reinforced Sectlen, F RKetnforce menke ENS or Teme Comp. Zone Why we are provide @ Soorly RLE Sechon, Y BMY > MRM > When sechion size ts Hstriclea, 3Y LBL 0 Both): Keep SF Shrinkage a et aoe Lerg tem creep disect &t ay ogk Ar is2 DYNAN Voasing cr Shess reversal | Fabigue) ond: ath Sevbly BIE provide aR Fy Momenk Risistaace tn Doobly RIE section WA)comes = O36 Seebxa Cd-o2 KU) + GeeSer) Asc d-a}) ‘ | ages 8 6 Ss ee (area) ie : CMR)rens = OF TSYAgHe Cd= 02%) iad iim Aas ie ; . / (MA, = oo BAY Ay La Ost - 9 COO sy —-O How fo caleolake strain @ tn comp: steel. 3 | Met Ye @ simitar traiante | e08e ese Kouta Goin-d) Sse = (Hotinca' 018039 Oden, Sstf Flanged Seetton is more eeonomicah as comgare +o rectangulay Seaton. ‘ + Se mostly we ore Proided Flanged Secon « A seekon ts corsideed ax Flonged secon IS no Feo momenk pho uve 2 Sange Qe- monowlite constrodrort).~ oe % aT? Reckanpulor Beam 3 SMT stay saat hE oe casting ser et ae ged secon AY deaT oredr 2] YF Compressic stress varadim, Plexore A attey slab AY Yon Uatforr Bay By @ shear log esfheck- $0, Colevlavion Ar gua act & Gv stay chess distrvvtton BO lao At ke aa comstank HET AA EL wer oan Eageckive Florged wtdth eck aN a a “> a Flanged Seckion. = . Pe bs 3 05 ¥ orsis ot de bg etn 4 ay SOY bes mind ag OO eet (Fe -@ © 6 toute fae fez TH lg Aelance He Zoomemenk (@ PedteS contattern) Wd Siengly Seprorted Beam Qo= Less Bd Conkinevs Beam. Qos ove besegee eqgecblve width of Flange « db) a) T-Beam. pee mia { Ae rbot eng @ oe +B phe (@) L- Beam, wg = mig [AS edo r SDE ce @ a 234 bw Ream Slab G& Floor systerns [Fe Fe FecH Bestgn of Beam. Bearn AY destning, - Now slote of Cottarse Cheek ie Limik stoke oF serviceability. Etfeckve Length -- Bending wash ear ah ath By Beam( Sab Ar OSS Lergth acy ERPECTIVE LEN@TH WD Simeby Sopported Geam| slab G CoMwys Gecim|Seb> Yess, = ae ee acase bg 7 Sf | Goomm Bes bw Qesgg = min, {isc QP Cantlerel eam Slab texb_ 4 Case Rss = dea s bs ¢ Se oo of Reed Xe— Cear & ress = ond e oa oe SrOnt Sex BL yor bs - Support width “= A - eSSective depth os Beam|siab. bu - width of wolls +> Framed Strucksre. In case of Framed Structure, [Ress = Cle at ce oF Columa, S Longitod nak Reintorce menk Tension, Zone) Wy) Tension Ase nine OS. 43 {* Pronk Sedder Satlure inns SS whe ee Simeon does % Ask meres = OC4-bD CTO Problem Commackar) WW) Compression. Ask min = Notimit @ 2- wmm@ Sor dock © vous 20 seiqel eS] Ast may. = 0% bD CT protiem Compachor: J Max: AIF Ia Struckure > @& o8bd { Tension+ Comp} iSide Face Reinforcement= AS Overaltdepth > TSemm Aken we are Provided Wesonn LAUER OF bola@rass Area of Sechion) | Spacing £5) > anh {soar b note ARAL Beam BO tortion ast esse ee ee A er 5 ar SY case QE D>aSomm ay oy ALE Provide SMT oF Reinforcement @veszenlat Rte I. OF Bore bars @ ave Mase, 4 fe Horttontak spas @ Min Clear spaced Mores dla of Bon \ S Gusdia are onequad: Volot. * i Nominal size o& comse ange + Smm ©) Max. cle Spacing ct Hewaontal ee W Fe.as0 — 3e0mm OY FEAST = 90 mem Sheer ess. GY Fe Soo — tsomm. Stpps- : s 4 Nominal Cover ts depends on Sottousigg pactor: tr Od Bre oF Structure. Semicon Beam Stab Coleman Footing eo AS-*S6 do 20 vo So te Dia o§ Bar ISP- 34 As ae As So Craxd f v aye sy OO ) Exposure Condition, sey - Redsce SYS mila — 20° Cie-dia of Par 7I2zmmh) For > dig of Bar We car corcloded Phek Ane elemenk In ble te Blemenk ok NA ok Sopports Clement ak toottom ak onid cron, wgfewreh Shear craks, foe as-ag} World be Sobzecke yhitse pee Sr bending ond shear shees, Hence fer Palas All be developed an onye Cas-a0)- Wis Ayre med E Mexuretl wr InihoHon of cracks alee etree: @) Growth OF cracks From Aexoral te ofagemal tonskn, Flexered Diogerak Tention, Cranes oF) Flexrel shit Cranes S364) \ Tyre of = Fallore Vidgonoh tension Fallore.Ca-s'= large Shear Foree and ess Bending moment: a. Plegoral Shean. . 2 Diagenel”Sompieasion Faullelo= 90°) Ove Fo Large Gending mement: ona less shear Force, Te when Mexoral wercke occurs In combinakion with di Aension, crack , the crack is inclined ak an ange °& @s-30) with Mowzortel. a Diggeneh oor: Feulleves 1 Th occurs onder large sheor Force , O is charectersicd wlth Croshing of Cone, When QP heawily, agente Shear Me Seat oye sass penne SET - one. ahecs Ue p ahaa vsishanee oh ESSERE SEER oH Nagy 2 Veritce component of egy avec vg ah by Baws action — AeTER REKURE ve Ns B shear Risistance by Sher RlP— Diggunah tension cresch, ND Tetal shear Rigisting Force Note! combine efSeck of (vers wayeve] Thaike componak ts shecrm Misi Bony ce a oF Seckion uitheek Shear RI Beco aene S De: shear s 4h WS velue Is bal SO * OSS m= Reis gee tears\faiuok Shear Sivess. “digo J l Q ee {iominel shes) secHion uneracred cracked Seti — Serton XH For Design flrgase Shear shess is used Nuys factored Skeor Forte bd = cls Area of Secor, Nalid for Bedm of Constank depth « for Varying Ceeth: \y aS gma cepth wa OF virectin B ara’ Eve) AQ opposite Direckion AY ad aT ve) Ne Pemigedble. shear stress Crema Temax Orpend upon arose of Conesete only: fmrade of Concrete M-ls M-zo M23 M-30 M-35 M-40 Temaxs USM. Bo ws BA BS 34 qo Wfenme Wem Ae Ae ug Qa, 403 as =k Resin Fer Temas. (Tue = ea fe ] @rcr BE Nominal shearchress stress element os Diogenok Plone UL ter SAT GAT flere ae Come sateTacat 1 Diogench. dension aisist vy Shear stipes. Diogyonel Comp Risse wy Conerete. BS Ry F Tema > Chustiigy of Conerele dee to iagonal Cory (ErMcok_Sedton For Shear] Tr ts Mok seeker were chance of Failue dee to shear te my @ Codal Provisions. WO The shear Force computed ak the distance of a srom the Face oF Me Support. QD IW adl other eases criticak geek Geer shear Is taken ok te Face ef seggorty ;Piss Design Steps Fur Shear. caiwhake Fuctortd Shear Force, laltipying factor wa) Nee W888 ue @ ase colalake nomined shear shers Volo. TOKE, OF Te amd ales tae Tomax Atom Table Nor 19 2° aespectivaly « note Valve o& To Is modified as Wte in ceress Gab] eh = ae! Kee Re isOmm KE oorzd to < OE BOM KEN Dz BOM @ FEO Shear RIP LS required A Bok Minl Nominal shear RIF fs Providedt fay 2 SS Asv S Area of VerXeod Sher RIF BTR) Sos Spacing of Vettes Shear ete Se hee e TOS. tee oti woke Min RIE Provided Sor Collowing Reasons: b Or Sage agetnst @ eer dvckidihy. QO Prevent 4o (Remon cracks] member due *o stincogs ond Tees Provides oF Genes S TInhance the performence oF member Subjected sofersion) S Qnhance +he (dowel Reon) of Lengitsdcad RIE % Conkol the [POMBAEA] oF Slagenal eects. changes the Galfer] oF @ tm case shear R[F Prodded © Fotlowlel Shear RIP Provided Sor Shear Force. Nas = tty-te) bd te Nerbicad StPPS © : Qe Tnclined Stvipps: (Versiceh stripns 3 Genkup Bar with wrortical sh prs + WE Vertond Steps ore most: auttakle Ror toad Reversal @ Myre Shear Foree Risisted BY Vertical shecr SVAEre+ = OR+hy AoEoo ~~ y (8d [Analined Ships! Mast etfechive RIF Por Redvoing the widtros Melined Creeley Anclincd Stterss HEAnclined Compunenk. ¥ Shear Poree Algist N= Oo SrayAsy A _( Cot O + CoA) Sv crack length = ALCorO+ Cota) A Netaal Component CTa the Sivecton of Shear Force) se Nereal Component . TC Sind Fad) Nu o SHY Asy C J Where, 7 A= Angle eS Trchned stttpes ostth Sorgthodres RE of Beam ts grew Aaken as ast, : (R*s4 CC) RAT UP Bars} provide with vertical shi prs: - Tk lg the mata Ray , end ak an appropriate \occkin. ~ TH is aces rck % aSter Bend a in one end Reston _ jahance Dewet achen. Crockea Seaghh = I5d Dnereds lenghy = Gada > oar % Bend ok 4S TN Goth ends. ‘Increas hengths = or §2tGd. Note— Fer asingle Gar er Btngle groeps oF Parevak Bans A end ar Same “hocection . 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Wy Tes AT AT Plone Gar Lease) Qe E\ ay wise & WA — Cov, Aneweose & ony Cvs) a) Come A EF A Ret Terease & uur Cea) qe Whol wit be Ake designed ond Strenghh Cor Hysp Gar under eompression (nh M-So Gmerett: Tod = WSMEEKVNZLS ba =a d[mot Tod tr ease the word Corlore Pe most economicch way, te make we ag Smoller} cia of Bar ae Safe is by pwoviding (mere Co th VodaKor= Constant @ 545672209 casptoata@ T8A-s612000 LT#D) # Msn Bond Sr # Reval Bmd Shengervenaion- Nneawty AGROTEge Good} Develop desiaable strength of Anchoring 1S cated Anchorage Bend sheggth: tt Ananoragh aeinforremen BOVE A ARE afl shear Force “IT Sending sorment ey | LareG Ar Oerclop SHES — Anchorage Berd shess ar) u — Reingoreemenk arround Reinforcement of terHE The bend blu Stel + conueke is main) due tor — Mechanical Risistance- — Frichon aisictance — Pore Adhertve Force. % Bond § Ha can’ be Inhance by OP} = Wigher grade of Conc. — deformed Br Bnstead We clone Car (60 — PBnerencing Ssmedder dla har. = Mere nominck cover = Redoeed cgacing of SHYES* “The erg Caan the cones FOr 7 oot HS Qt ba AE FeQsd Grade Steet 25 WAT developmen” Sength HYSO Gor AY goer 2 AT Or eh D1 Note For bar in compression Crmraysrecd) ae aT hd ¥\2S of the Potlort agenethed, Yh Tncreace) gunise Pol: stray *7 Smo La Rr vequived ERI Dexeloogment tengt a) e> 128 Laleormp. 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Aension Failure sh shecurs The Aistance pebween Ter & ACP Shedd nok be Less than oe COE zal onicnwer ts ayectter aMoke- Flexor Ie AT Aetwak evkko}s peice WR sar oH ‘Certatted, 6G. SRT MART ta EET AH AT Cod sois-fy B® Reva cukoss- pode “UT Shear Force , section ey 3 @& & a@eal Say ca | ; ARG cond: too soisty a er asm Aer B fermincdkon coin Q COR CASAC aw shear shlyps Wexra) BY HT aeyae Sarg, Aay > OHbsy) | Wherelfl ij 6509 | gag ome crentceaoersn esac any Fokad Miest oF AIF "ey 2 _ Sy = Seacing oF verttcal strlogs. » a SEX GT ae var & ir Adoalestess pride dy a ST aT TUAT oteel ae area Fav aT Ey SAT shaoy sree QP sheer cagueliy OF alles EF tar ae sive momen Reinjorcemenc] fe moment 35 GE provide Relafencemenke LASE) Wy Under ss simply Support) = Asast) &py Under Conkheys Suppo Aes) Bay Soppore A Face Vo > (Ld) olshanee gE SRA cea SAI S \ Las derelopmenk ba Me MA of Beclin alma Paice Stenple Soper” ant Pei of Inflerion RespecHvely + N@E = Shear forte sv 2 ar re SF Shear og ay cr = Frexoral, bord ©) = Ta Anekwrage bond) = FsesAsk “e niger Note We BRIT design bend SHESSEE) | Tea & arora aT & yet Ratio va or akteg ay ae AAT | te ky Br rad ar Aalto) cos APT Cmassim— \F_ TS Tha M tas Hence. ta & Needswan pS S NBR A So ak Stengle Sepports e Tass > ak pytnk of Ynkleetion. to BO Vee bee ename a 3 BT BELT stempte Seppe ET exert ar & weratRe facror hee: geadton 3 ET Gerke Coniined & ar Th ga Pre Cantinors SoRPOTE Ever Momene 3a TB St Qi Relndorcement se) HT VET UNisy Prieke 05 inflection BF am be La @ eee ye aw Foy Ty Poin og Ingiedion Sr arr ate Ar anay 2 RSE) ete dasneeemenee for continous aeam|stol genevedlyy Previde for @ omewoy slab @ Continous Sea H% For calculate Eve} ee) Parting momenk- TSiese momenk & Shear cocgbictert. sis Ceegsicienk Vad hen sakisiy Fattonsing, cond wo aA & HA ® scan €F (7 C% Support) a AF aW anaiddva sean , Longer spar SOQ*s as vory + ax 3 Beam{ stab (Entermaitg Testa), we epeve givesvr gasitieation od Sab an the, Rocls of Bending behortour. — WY — Shen tent HO WHT Ameria) 3 DAcank— 7 a TS dimen $ : &\ 8 i ots tS mBre se Madh steal AP Is provided alo dhe sherher spon. r ats AS Rechangaloar Blab at oppsthe Bar ac spporked er pimetion Bem afk 84 sob 3 = Ceisn > fas] \e ~ wrap prauced mone ditlechm shan mild steel. pS TH Rectangeh aloe is sopioted Gram oll Fave sides | Shorter span is always ose tn Bending momen” aaliwlakten ond abwe colertaten, rf é