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Research- the scientific investigation into or of a
specifically identified phenomenon
1. Identifying the problem.
Here the researcher identifies the problem
2. Research design.
The researcher then plans how to support this argument
and to collect the data
3. Data collection
The researcher now collects data he/she can analyze to
support his arguments.
4. Data analysis.
When the data are ready for analysis,
5. Reporting of results
The researcher then writes a research article
Categories of Research| 1. According to
lpurpose- Travers (1978) identifies three broadly
different kinds of research according to purpose|
a. Predictive or Prognostic Research- has the purpose of
determining the future
b. Directive Research- determines what should be done
based on the findings
c. Illuminative Research- is concerned with the
interaction of the components
2. According to Goal
a. Basic or Pure Research- is done for the development
of theories
b. Applied Research- is the application of the results of
pure research
c. Multipurpose Research- is the scientific inquiry into
the issue
3. According to the level of iinvestigation- Vockell (1993)
categorizes research
a. Exploratory Research — the researcher studies the
variables pertinent b. Descriptive Research- the researcher studies the
relationships of the variables.
c. Experimental research- it studies the effects of the
variables in each other.
d. Explanatory Research- Instead of answering
questions such as ‘what is/are’ or ‘how.
