62. Find matrix A such that 2-1 -1-8 1 OJA=/1 -2 Ans : -3 4 9 22 (Al india 2017) Let the order of A is m X n where m= 2, n=2 Yy Let “h ( li) -1-8 Now : 0 A=|1 -2 -3 4 9 22 : ny -1-8 of =|1 -2 st ‘3 4 9 22 2e-s 2y-t -1-8 t y =|1 -2 —3r+4s —3y+4t 9 22 Equating corresponding elements both sides, we get Qe—s =—1, 1 8 1, y=—2 and 2y—t=-8 1 At w« =1,2x—-s=-1>2x1-s8 —s =—1-2=>8s=8 and at y =—2, 2y—t=-8, -2)-t=-8 —~4-t =— t Substituting «= 1, y=-2, we get 4 s=3 and t=4 in Eq. (i), alec |2-1 5 2 25 63. Let A -[; 4 | B= 7 al C= |: 3} find a matrix D such that CD— AB= O. Ans: (Delhi 2017) . ; 2-1 5 2 25 We have A=|3 4|B=l7 4h C=l3 8 . wy Let matrix D= | zw According to the questions, CD— AB=0 sls sf a a= 2a+5z 2y+5w 10-7 4-4 3e+8z 3y+8w|—[15+28 6+16| =? _ {3 0 ~ 143 22 Equating corresponding elements both sides, we get 2a+5z =3, 34+ 8z= 43 2a+5z 2yt+5w 3a+ 8z 3y+8w and 2y+5w =0, 3y+ 8w = 22 After solving, we get x =—191, y=—110, z=77 and w= 44 fey l 191 us| “lz wl | 77 44201 64. If A=]2 1 3], the find A7—5A+4/ and hence 1-10 find a matrix X such that A?—5A4+4I+ X= 0. Ans : (Delhi 2015) 201 We have A=|2 1 3 1-10 2 0 1f2 0 1 AP =/2 1 3/2 1 3 1-1 0/1 -10 4+0+10+0-12+0+0 =|4+2+3 041-3 24340 2—2+00-1+01-3+0 5-12 =|9 -2 5 0-1-2 Now, consider A?— 5A +41 5-1 2 201 100 A-5A+4I=|9 -2 5 |-5]2 1 3]+4/0 10 0-1-2 1-10} |oo1 5-1 2] flo 0 5] [400 =/9 -2 4|/-|10 5 15/+/0 40 0-1-2] |}5 -5 0} Joo4 —5 -1 -3] [400 =|-1-7 -10]+]0 40 -5 4 -2] loo4 -1-1 -3 =|-1 -3 -10 -5 4 2 Now A? -5A+4I+X =O A -5A+4I+X—-X =O-X A’—5A+4I+ O =-XX =-(A?-5A+4)) -1-1 -3 11 3 =-|-1-3 -10/=]1 3 10 -5 4 2 5-4-2 . 1-1 al 2 . 2 65. 1 A=|, _j|, B=], _,| and (4+ B)?= A" BY, then find the values of a and b. Ans : (Foreign 2015) 1 We have A= |) = | and B= |: “| >t Now, A+B=]y _ +73 1l+a-1+4+1] [l+a 0 “J24+b -1-1]7 |2+b -2 l+a 0 l+a 0 (A+B) -fpt6 a) [pr 5 | “0420+ b+ ab—4—2b 4 l+@+2a | @+2at+1 0 2a—b+ab—24 nie ate oft le ba -[e- 4fere a-l *lab—b b+1 _ a@+b-la-l ab—b b Now, (A+BP =44+B@+2a+1 2a—b+ab—2 @+b-1La-1 , ab—b b Equating the corresponding elements, we get @+2a+1sa+b-1 2a-—b =-2 +i) a-1=05a=1 ...(ii) 2a—b+ab—2 =ab—b 2a-2 =05a=1 ... (iii) b=4 «.(iv) and Since, a= 1 and b= 4 also satisfy Eq. (i), therefore a= 1 and b=4. 102 66. If A=|0 21] and A*—6A?+7A+k =O, find the 203 values of k. Ans: (All India 2015) 102 We have A=|021 203 10 21 02 Now, A =|0 21/0 21 20 3if2 0 3 14044 04040 24046 =|0+04+2 04+4+0 04243 24046 0404044049 50 8 =/24 5 8 0 13 and 8 A+ a102450 8 =|0 21424 5 20 348 0 13 5+04+16 04+0+0 8+0+426 O+4+8 04840 0410413 10+0+24 0+0+0 16+0+39 21 0 34 12 8 23 34 0 55 Also, given, AS-64°+7A+kk =O 21 0 34 508 102 100 000 12 8 23/—6)2 4 5|+7/0 2 1/+4)0 1 OJ =|0 00 34 0 55 80 13 203 001 000 21 0 34 30 0 48 7 0 14 k00 000 12 8 23)—J12 24 30/+)0 14 7/+]0 k OJ=/0 00 34 0 55 48 0 78 14 0 21 00k 000 21-30+7+k 0-0+0+0 34-48+14+0 12—12+0+0 8—24+14+k 23-30+7+0 34—48+14+0 0-0+0+0 55-78+21+k 000 =|000 -2+k 0 0 000 900 0 -2+h 0 |=l000 0 0 -2+8| ooo Equating the corresponding elements, we get -2+k =0 k=2 24 -6 67. Express the matrix A=|7 3. 5 | as the sum of a 1-2 4 symmetric and skew-symmetric matrix.Ans ; (All India 2015C) Any square matrix A can be expressed as the sum of a A= mmetric matrix and skew-symmetric matrix, A+A', A-A' A+A! A-Al , Where and symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices respectively. 24 -6 We have A=|7 3 5 1-24 271 Al=|4 3-2 65 4 Now, let P=h(A+4!) 24-6) [271 =$l7 3 5|+/4 3-2 1-2 4| |-65 4 jt un 2 bs =5/11 6 3 |= 3 4 -5 3 8 a4 and Q= HA — A‘) 24-6) 271 =$l7 3 5|+[/4 3-2 1-2 4| |-65 4 i? -3 =7 Qua 3 = 3/3 0 TJ=[5 0 3 7-7 0] |i 2 0 24-3 Clearly, here P=|4 3 4|=P —33 4 0 3 4 and g =|-4 0 -4|/=-Q -i zt 9 34 Le. areSo, P is a symmetric matrix and Q is a skew-symmetric matrix. Now, P+Q= 4( Il -aw Thus, matrix A is expressed as the sum of symmetric matrix and skew-symmetric matrix. 68. For the following matrices A and B, verify that {[AB]'= Bia’; 1 A =|-4], B=[-1 21]. Ans: 3 (All india 2010) 1 We have A =|—4| and B=[-l 2 y 3 1 Here, AB =|-4 [-1 2 1, bc -12 1 AB =| 4 -8 -4 -3 6 3 -1 4 -3 (AB)! =| 2 -8 6 (i) 1-4 3 -1 Now, Be=| 2 1 and A' =[1 —4 3j-1 BYA' =| 2 [ —4 3] 1 -1 4-3 =|2 -8 6 (ii) 1-4 3 From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get (AB)! = Bal LHS = RHS 69. Using clementary row transformations, find inverse 20-1 of A=|5 1 0 01 3 Ans : (All India 2019; Foreign 2011) o-1 We have A=|51 0 3 Now A=IA 20-1 100 ie. 51 0]=|010]-A 01 3 001 Applying R, > R,—2R, we have 20-1 100 11 2]=/-210]-A O01 3 0 01 Applying R; © Rp we have 11 2] f-210 20-1)=/1 00]-A 013 001 Applying R, > Ry—2R, we have 11 2) [-2 10 0-2-5) =| 5 -—20]-A 01 3 0 O01Applying R, @ Rs we have 11 2 -2 10 O01 3)/=/0 0 1])-A 0-2-5 5 -20 Applying R; > R,;— Ry and Ry > R3+2Ry we have 10-1 —2 1 —1 O01 3/=/0 0 1]-A 00 1 5 -2 2 Applying Ri > R,— Ry and R) > Ry—3Rswe have 100 3 11 010)=|-15 0 —5|-A 001 5 -2 2 Now I=A'A 3 -1i1 Hence, A'=|-15 6 -5 5-2 2 70. Using elementary row transformations, find inverse -112 of A=] 1 23 Ans: |3 11 (Delhi 2019; 2012) -112 We have A=|1 23 3 11 Now A=IA -112 100 1 23} =/01 0/A 3 11 001 Applying R2 > R,+ Ro and R; > R;+3R, we have -112 100 0 3 5] =]1 1 OJA 0 47 3801Applying R2 > Ri+ Ry and R; > Rs3+3R, we have -112 100 0 3 5) =/1 1 O]A O47 301 Applying R: > R:— Rs we have -11 2 100 0-1-2) =|-21- 0 4 7 3.01 Applying R; > Rs; +4Ry we have -11 2 100 0 -1-2) =|-21—- 0 4 7 -54— Applying R, > R,—2R; we have -11 2 1 0 0 -1 O0}=/8 -7 0 0 =-1 -5 4 Applying Ri > Ri +2R; we have -1 1 0 -9 8 0 -1 0|=|8 -7 0 0 -1 -—5 4 Applying Ry > Ry) + Ry we have -10 0 -1 1 0 -1 O0|}=/|8 -7 0 0 =-1 -5 4 Taking common (— 1) we have 100 1 L 01 0) =|- 7 ool 5-4 Now I=A'A 1 -1 Hence, A'=|-8 7 1A 1|A 371. Using elementary row transformations, find inverse 1 2 -2 of A=|-1 3 0 Ans: |0 -2 1 (Delhi 2019; 2018C; 2010) 1 2 -2 We have, A=|-1 3 0 0 -2 1 Now A=IA 1 2-2) floo -1 3 0]=/010]A 0-2 1 001 Applying R, > R)+ R, we have 1 2 -2] floo 0 5 —2)=|1 1 OA 0-21 001 Applying R, > R,+2R; we have 1 2 -2] floo 01 of=/11 2/4 0-21 001 Applying Ri > Rit (— 2) Ro, Rs > Rs+2R, we have 10-2) f-1-2-4 01 0}=/1 1 2]A 001 22 5 Applying Ri > 2: +2Rs we have 100] [326 010} =|1 1 2/4 ool} [225 Now T=As°A Hence, At= Neo = 26 12 2572. Using clementary row transformations, find inverse 1 2 3 of A=] 2 5 7 Ans: |-2 —-4—-5 (CBSE 2018) 1 2 3 We have, Az=/2 5 7 -2-4 5 Now A=IA 1 2 8 100 2 5 7T]=|01 0/A -2-4-5 001 Applying R: > R,—2R, and R3 > R3+ 2h, we have 123 1 00 011) =|-2 1 OjA 001 2 01 Applying R, > R;— 2R2, we have 101 5 -20 O11)}=|-2 1 OJA 001 2 01 Applying R; > R; — R;, we get 100 3-2-1 O11}=/-2 1 OJA ool 2 0 1 Applying R, > R)— Rs, we get 100 3-2-1 010}/=/-4 1 —-1jA 001 2 0 1 Now IT=A'A 3-2-1 Hence A'=|-4 1 -1 2 0 1