Cambridge International NN} Data Booklet Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level in Chemistry (9701) For use from 2016 in all papers for the above syllabus, except practical examinations. csT314 689405 Cambridge Assessment International Education Scanned with CamScannerContents: Tables of Chemical Data Important values, constants and standards " lonisation energies (1%, 2°, 3 and 4") of selected elements in kJ mol Bond energies Standard electrode potential and redox potentials, E* at 298K (25°C) Atomic and ionic radii ‘Typical proton ('H) chemical shift values (8) relative to TMS = 0 Typical carbon ('°C) chemical shift values (8) relative to TMS = 0 Characteristic infra-red absorption frequencies for some selected bonds The orientating effect of groups in aromatic substitution reactions Names, structures and abbreviations of some amino acids The Periodic Table of Elements Onsena ageon as Scanned with CamScanner1 Important values, constants and standards molar gas constant R = 8.31JK'mol* the Faraday constant F = 9.65x 10'Cmort the Avogadro constant L = 6.02 10%mort the Planck constant h = 6.63% 10Js speed of light in a vacuum c = 3.00x 10°ms* rest mass of proton, iH 4.67 x 1077kg 3 rest mass of neutron, ) m, = 1.67 * 1077 kg g 7 rest mass of electron, °e me = 9.14% 10kg electronic charge @ =-1.60* 10°C molar volume of gas Vm = 22.4dm° mot" at s.t.p. Vm = 24.0dm* mot under room conditions (where s.t.p. is expressed as 101 kPa, approximately, and 273K [0°C]) ionic product of water Ky = 1.00 x 10-moldm* (at 298K [25°C}) specific heat capacity of water = 4.18kskg'K" necty fe 418g" K") 3 Scanned with CamScanner2 lonisation energles (1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th) of selected elements, in kJmor Scanned with CamScanner Proton number First Second Third Fourth H 1 1310 = = i He 2 2370 5250 = e ui 3 519 7300 11800 E Be 4 900 1760 74800 21000 8 5 799 2420 3660 25000 c 6 1090 2350 4610 6220 N 7 1400 2860 4590 7480 ° 8 1310 3390 5320 7450 Fi 9 1680 3370 6040 8410 Ne 10 2080 ‘3950 6150 9290 Na Ti 494 4560 6940 9540 Mg 12 736 1450 7740 10500 Al 3 377 1820 2740 71600 Si 4 786 1580 3230 4360 P 5 1060 7900 2920 ‘4960 s 16 1000 2260 3390 4540 CI 7 1260 2300 3650 5150 Ar 18 1520 2660 3950 5770 K 19 418 3070 4600 5860 Ca 20 590 1150 4940 6480 Se 21 632 1240 2390 7110 Ti 22 661 7310 2720 4170 Vv 23 648 1370 2870 ‘4600 Cr 24 653 1590 2990 4770 Mn 25 716 1510 3250 5190 Fe 26 762 1560 2960 5400 Co 27 757 1640 3230 5100 Ni 28 736 1750 3390 5400 Cu 29 745 7960 3350 5690 Th 30 908 1730 3828 5980 Ga 3f 377 1980 2960 6190 Br 35 1140 2080 3460 4850 Rb 37 403 2632 3900 5080 Sr 38 548 1060 4120 5440 Ag a 731 2074 3361 5000 T 53 1010 1840 3000 4030 Cs 55 376 2420 3300 4400 Ba 56 502 966 3390 4700 43 Bond Energies 3(a)_ Bond energies in diatomic molecules (these are exact values) Homonuclear Heteronuclear Bond Energy / kJ mot Bond Energy /kJmor" | HH 436 HF 562 DD 442 HOCI 431 NeN 944 HBr 366 0=0 496 HI 299 PP 485 Ca 1077 S=S 425 F- 158 ciel 242 Br—Br 193 i 151 Scanned with CamScanner3(b) Bond energies in polyatomic molecules (these are average values) Heteronuclear Homonuclear Bond Energy / kJmol™ Bond Energy / kJ mor* co 350 CH 410 c= 610 col 340 C=C 840 c-Br 280 ‘CC (benzene) 520 cI 240 NN 160 cN 305 NEN 410 CN 610 =o 150 C=N 890 sisi 225 co 360 Boe 200 c=0 740 77 265 €=0 in COz 805 NH 390 N-CI 310 On 460 Si-Cl 360 SiH 320 Si_0 (in Si0,(s)) 460 Si-O (in SiO,(g)) 640 PH 320 Pcl 330 P2 340 P=0 540 SH 340 sl 250 s—o 360 S=0 500 Scanned with CamScanner4 Standard electrode potential and redox potentials, E* at 298K (25°C) For ease of reference, two tables are given: (a) an extended list in alphabetical order; (b) a shorter list in decreasing order of magnitude, i.e. a redox series. (a) E® in alphabetical order Electrode reaction EV Agte = A = abies At Er Ba*+2e = Ba 3.90 Bi, #26 ek 28 ¥1.07 Ca*+2e = Ca 2.87 Ch+2e ee 20H" #1.36 QHOCI+ 2H" +26 = Ch+2H,0 1.64 ClO +HO* 26 es CI 2007 70.89 Cort 26 et! Gb 0.28 iy as +182 [Co(NHs) + 2e == CO+ENHs 0.43 Cm+2e = Cr 0.91 Cr'+3e = Cr 7 4 Gree ee =0.44 Crom + 4H +6e = 2Cr* + 7H.0 +1.33 Giz = _. 0.52 Cu" + 267 Cu 40.34 Cutte = Cur 40.15 [CuNHs +26 Cut ANH, 0.05 Fot2e OF 72.87 Fe"+2e = Fe —0.44 Fe"+3e = Fe 20.04 Fevte = Fe" 40.77 Fen +e = [Fe(CN)eI 40.36 Fe(OH);+@ <= Fe(OH) + OH” =0.56 2H +2e = He 0.00 HO + 2e7 == He + 20H 0.83 Lt2e = 2 +0.54 Kite = K =2.92 ite = Li =3.04 Mg +2e == Mg -2.38 Mi +26 = Mn =1.18 Mote <= Mn +1.49 MnO, +4H"+2e7 == Mn’ +2H,0 #1.23 MnO, +e <= MnOe™ +0.56 MnO; +4H'+3e7 <= MnO; + 2H,0 +1.67 MnO, +8H'+5e <= ‘Mn +4H,0 #1.52 NOs +2H' +e <= NOz+H,O +0.81 NOs +3H"+2e° <= HNO2+H20 +0.94 NOs +10H'+8e" <= NH,’ +3H20 +0.87 Scanned with CamScanner= Electrode reaction eo Nate" a Na 2.71 N+ 2e = Ni ae [NINH J* +22" <= Ni+ 6NHS a H,02+2H'+2e" <= 2H,0. a HO. +HO+2e = 30H” “ 0; + 4H + 4e~ 2H20 2129 O2+2H,0+4e = 40H" +0.40 Op+ 2H" +26 <= Har 2088 O2+H20 + 2e = HOY + OH - PO +26 <= Pb =oA3, Bp tae 1.69 PO, + 4H"+ 26" <= Pb*+2H,0 Har ‘SO, +4H"+2e 2 SO, +2H,0 +0.17 S04 2e = 280. +2.01 S\Os?+ 20" es 28,05" 008 Sn*+2e <= Sn =0.14 Sn*+2e = Sn’ +0.15 WFe2e =1.20 Vite VF 70.26 VO"+2H +e OV +H +0.34 VOe+2H +e = VO"+H,0 +1,00 VO; +4H' +e == VO" +2H,0 +1.00 Zn +267 == zn 0.76 All ionic states refer to aqueous ions but other state symbols have been omitted. Scanned with CamScanner-© in decreasing order of oxidising power () E (aselection only - see also the extended alphabetical list on the previous Pages) Electrode reaction eV Fp+2e OF +2.87 SOs +26 = 280," $2.01 HiOr+ 2H"+2e == _2H,0 +177 MnO, +8H'+5e == Mn" +4H.0 +152 PbO,+4H'+2e == Pb” +2H,0 +4147 Ch+2e = 2Cl™ +1.36 Chore t4H'+6e = 2Cr* + 7HL0 #1.33 O,+4H+4e0 0 = 2H.0 +1.23 Byt2e = 28r 1.07 ClO-+H,0+2e = Cr + 20H" +0.89 NO; +10H"+8e == NH,’ +3H,0 e +0.87 NOs +2H’ +e" = NO, +H,0 40.81 Agte = +0.80 Fev+e = Fe™ 40.77 a +20 SS ar 40.54 0, +2H2,0+4e7 == 40H" 40.40 Cu*+2e = Cus 7 +0.34 SOF +4H'+2e7 = 80, +2H,0 40.17 Sn*+2e = Sn* 40.15 S0e+2e = 28,0; +0.09 2H+2e = 0.00 Po*+2e = Pb 0.13 Sn“+2e7 = Sn 0.14 Fe"+2e = Fe 0.44 Zn +2e = Zn 0.76 2HO0+2e = Hg + 20H” 0.83 Vete = Vv =1.20 Mg +20 = Mg =2.38 Ca* +20 = Ca 2.87 Kite = K =2.92 9 Scanned with CamScanner5 Atomic and lonic radil nm (a) Period 4 atomic/nm ionic: Hr 0.208 H 0.037 single covalent van der Waals He 0.140 ionic/nm |Ohi. Reed? _.. | ee (b) Period 2 atomic/nm metallic Li 0.152 0.060 Be 0.112 Be* 0,031 single covalent B 0,080 B* 0.020 c 0077 ch 0.015 ct 0.260 N 0.074 N* 0.171 oO 0.073 oF 0.140 F 0.072 Fr 0.436 van der Waals Ne 0.160 Sessile ia ecm cee eet (c) Period 3 atomic/nm jonic/nm Na 0.186 Na* 0.095 pr S| metallic Mg 0.160 Mg” 0.065 AL 0.143 Ar 0.050 single covalent Si 0.117 si* 0.041 sit 0.271 P 0.110 p> 0.212 S 0.104 st 0.184 Ci 0,099 cr 0.181 van der Waals Ar 0.190 @ eww? [woman [intro metallic Be 0.112 Be* 0.031 Mg 0.160 Mg? 0.065 Ca 0.197 Ca* 0.099 St 0.215 st 0.113 Ba 0.217 Ba* 0.135 Loe Re oo (ieee 10 Scanned with CamScannersi 0.117 si* 0.041 Ge 0.122 Ge” 0.093 metallic Sn 0.162 Sn* 0.112 Pb 0.175 Pb 0.120 () Group 17 atomic/nm ionic/nm single covalent IF 0.072 F-04386 Cl 0.099 cr 0.181 Br 0.144 Br 0.195 1 ~ -*0:193 Tr 0216 At 0.140 (g) _ First row transition | atomic/nm ionic/nm elements metallic Sc 0.164 Sc* 0,081 Ti 0.146 T? 0.090 T* 0.067 Vo 0.135 v* 0.079 v* 0.064 Cr 0.129 cP 0.073 cr 0.062 Mn 0.132 Mn? 0.067 Mn* 0.082 Fe 0.126 Fe* 0.061 Fe* 0.055 Co 0.125 Co* 0.078 Co* 0.053 Ni 0.124 Nni* 0.070 Ni* 0.056 Cu 0.128 Cu 0.073 Zn 0.135 Zn** 0.075 "1 Scanned with CamScanner6 Typical proton ('H) chemical shift values (6) relative to TMS =0 type of chemical shift at environment of proton example structures range (3) | alkane =CHs, -CH-, >CH= 0.-1.7 alkyl nexttoC=O | CHs-C=0, -CH-C=0, >CH-C=O 2.2-3.0 alkyl het re aromatic | opr, -CH_-Ar, >CH-AT 23-30 alkyl next to © 32-40 electronegative stom —| ¢ti-0,=CHas0, Cte 2CH-BE attached to alkyne | =C-H 18-34 CH attached to alkene | =CHz, =CH- 45-60 attached to aromatic ring H 6.0-9.0 oO y aldehyde R—C 93-105 * H I A alcohol RO-H 0.5-6.0 OH phenol ‘OH 45-7.0 (see note below) carboxylic acid 9.0-13.0 alkyl amine R-NH- aryl amine NH, 3.0-6.0 N-H (see note oO below) 4 4 R—C amide \ 5.0-12.0 N—H / Note: 5 values for -O-H and -N-H protons can vary depending on solvent and concentration Scanned with CamScanner7 Typical carbon ('*C) chemical shift values (8) relative to TMS = 0 hybridisation of environment of carbon | example structures chemical the carbon atom shift range atom (8) sp° alkyl CHs-, -CHz-, -CH<, >C< 0-50 I | sp next to alkene/arene sey bp 10-40 3 next to carbonyl/carboxyl | | 25-50 . PESCOR, —E—COR, sp next to nitrogen | | | 30-65 —C—NH,, “ENR TE—NHCO | next to chlorine | (-CH,-Br and -CHz-I are | _¢__, sp* in the same range as ‘ cl 80 alkyl) sp | | next to oxygen —C—OH, —C—O—CO— 50-70. sp’ alkene or arene 110-160 >C=C<, sp? carboxyl R-CO;H, R-CO,R 160-185, sp? carbonyl R-CHO, R-CO-R 190-220 sp alkyne R-C=C- 65-85 sp nitrile R-C=N 100-125 13 Scanned with CamScanner8 Characteristic infra-red absorption frequencies for some selected bonds earance of peak bona | functional groups | absorption range (in Ree Beane containing the bond | wavenumbers) fom” eit C-0 | alcohols, ethers, esters 1040-1300 s cee. | aromatic compounds, 4600-1680 wunless conjugated alkenes amides, 1640-1690 s co | Ketones and aldehydes, 1670-1740 s carboxylic acids, 4680-1730 s esters 1710-1750 s C=C | alkynes 2180-2250 wunless conjugated CN | nitriles 2200-2250 w cy | alkanes, CH-H 2850-2950 s alkenes/arenes, =C-H 3000-3100 w N-H | amines, amides 3300-3500 w carboxylic acids, RCO2-H 2500-3000 sand very broad O-H | H-bonded alcohol, RO-H 3200-3600 s free alcohol, RO-H 3580-3650 sand sharp 14 Scanned with CamScanner9 The orlentating effect of groups in aromatic substitution reactions. 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