UNIT VII: Concept of Safety: Risk Management Define safety Describe the characteristics of safety Identify physical and microbial hazards in environment Discuss various ways to minimize hazards Discuss the assessment for environmental safety Identify physical and microbial hazards in the hospital environment, which interfere with patients’ safety. 7. Explain general preventive measures for safe environment for health team members and patient. 8. Using assessment, identify people at risk for safety dysfunction. ouM SPNDera =wy- 11-18 * Safety is the state of being "safe“. * The condition of being protected from harm or other non- desirable outcomes. Safety can also refer to the control of recognized hazards in order to achieve an acceptable level of safety against risk.Describe the characteristics of safety It provides a safe environment to nurse and client to interact properly. Reduces harms and risks to patient as well as healthcare team. It accelerates the clients recovery. Increase the reputation of health care facility. Give calm and comfort to the client as long as he is in hospital and reduces the hospital environment induced depression. Q 2 ew. 6. Staff also work properly in the safe environment .Identify physical and microbial hazards in environment What is a hazard? A hazard is an agent which has the potential to cause harm to a vulnerable target. Hazards can be both natural or human induced. Sometimes natural hazards such as floods and drought can be caused by human activity.Types of hazards. . Physical hazards. . Microbial or biological hazards. . Chemical hazards. Pp ( M . Mechanical hazards. . Psychosocial hazards. C p 1’)ObBWN PR . Physical hazards. —————_——»> . Microbial or biological hazards. . Chemical hazards. . Mechanical hazards. . Psychosocial hazards.Types of hazar . Physical hazards. a i ; . ; ETC) s alee) or biological hazards—» » Een . Chemical hazards. _ Virus . Mechanical hazards. Meta ante) . Psychosocial hazards.| . Physical hazards. . Microbial or biological hazards. . Chemical hazards. ——____» . Mechanical hazards. . Psychosocial hazards. Op wWNY PeOb wWN PR . Physical hazards. . Microbial or biological hazards. . Chemical hazards. . Mechanical hazards. ——_——» . Psychosocial hazards.Types of hazards. . Physical hazards. . Microbial or biological hazards. . Chemical hazards. . Mechanical hazards. . Psychosocial hazards. 1. Stress yee (1a) ese) ce (=aBIKAUIS MVC IAOLUM Nm COM ala an PAeMat-F2-16 Most effective Physically remove the hazard b substitution f Replace the hazard Engineering Isolate people from Teed eneiaeare Bla =o Protect the worker least etiective with personal protective equipmentDiscuss the assessment for environmental safety 1. Identify All Hazards(biological , physical , chemical etc.). . Determine Who Might Be Harmed and How. (Patient, children , older Adults) . Assess vulnerability of the people present in the environment. 4. Evaluate Each Risk and Detide How to Combat Them.(make decision and perform specific interventions to combat). . Record Your Findings. 6. Review the Risk Assessment. |Oe St eee eT uly High temperature —————— . falls Deco aa Improper Positioning Suffocation Prec ee ear Ice Radiation Electricity Ergonomic hazards CN aA OoIdentify physical and microbial hazards in the hospital environment, which interfere with patients’ safety. Physical Hazards: 1. In health care agency , fires are 1. High temperature 2. Fire more hazardous because 3. Falls people cannot move without 4. |mproper Positioning assistance. 5. Suffocation 2. It is very necessary for nurses 6. Noise to know what to in such WaaRadiation circumstances. 8. Electricity 9. Ergonomic hazards AaIdentify physical and microbial hazards in the hospital environment, which interfere with patients’ safety. Physical Hazards: . People of any age can fall , most High temperature specifically children and older Fire adults become the victim of Falls ———_—_—_—__—_»> accidents due to falls. . In hospital setting , patients usually (o-TaTare) ute MOULeale Ula la leo . TT eR AN A eee ol Noise EVEN elena em anette TAI Radiation and without any assistance Improper Positioning Suffocation ce ON) FeIdentify physical and microbial hazards in the hospital environment, which interfere with patients’ safety. Physical Hazards: High temperature Fire Improper position always lead a Falls ferialUalm ONION Tec MIC Improper Positioning ——————>_ Ie]-e Relea la la) oe Suffocation Noise Radiation Electricity Ergonomic hazards COCR OMioe Yt Falls Improper Positioning Suffocation —————_______> 2 Noise Radiation . Suffocation or asphyxiation is lack of oxygen due to interrupted lego One common reason is choking of food or a foreign object or a cut of supply of oxygen to the patient who is on mechanical ventilation.ORR Scie 02 Nf High temperature Fire Falls Improper Positioning Suffocation Noise ——————_———> Radiation Electricity Ergonomic hazards ee RAE ORCL) hazard which can ultimately cause lal aeRO no SoM Rel mel Reale) 120dB are painful and may cause Lala ae omPe OnaAnERwWwner High temperature Fire Falls Improper Positioning Suffocation Noise Radiation Electricity Ergonomic hazardsIdentify physical and microbial hazards in the hospital environment, which interfere with patients’ safety. Physical Hazards: 1. High temperature 2. Fire 3. Falls 4. Improper Positioning Byesutfocation . Equipment and machinery attached 6. Noise ieoM eM Maem OLA CUT eke) LNG 7. Radiation could be a serious risk to patients 8. Electricity. life. They should be well organized ws Ergonomic hazards Eley tee) alee LeIdentify physical and microbial hazards in the hospital environment, which interfere with patients’ safety. Physical Hazards: High temperature Fire Falls Improper Positioning Suffocation Noise Radiation Electricity Marlee Neelam iti am TcelaT 4 Ergonomic hazards ———» posture). CSCS |microbial hazards in the hospital Identify physical environment, which interfere with patients’ safety. Microbial Hazards: 1. Parasites 2. Bacteria 3. Virus 4. Rickettsia Vikan Biscuit P Dak.the hospital Ta icelalancial em VACA 1R lace UUL MeN odd l gece Microbial Hazards: ; 1. They all become a source of tbat different kinds of infections in 2. Bacteria — > Peele 3. Virus > PR amare hain akecic) 4. Rickettsia > Ea rnva teu ieclicsatccteeti tena and infection control methods are not working properlyExplain general preventive measures for safe environment for health team members and patient. >To prevent Physical Hazards: > Properly cleaning and maintaining floors. > Reporting leaks and spills. > Storing cylinders upright. > Storing flammables in approved, closed containers. > Wearing proper personal protective equipment, including hearing protection where necessary. > Maintaining electrical equipment according to manufacturer and company standards.Explain general preventive measures for safe environment for health team members and patient. > Regularly inspecting tools, cords, grounds and accessories; > Locking and tagging out power sources and switches when servicing or repairing mechanical equipment; > Learning to recognize and treat the signs of heat stress and drinking plenty of water. > Not entering restricted radiation areas, unless trained and authorized. >Treating and interviewing aggressive patients in relatively open areas. > Reporting all assaults or threats to a supervisor or manager.Explain general preventive measures for safe environment for health team members and patient. “To prevent from Microbial Agents: > Keep hazardous agents labeled properly. » Avoid eating around hazardous agents. > Wear proper personal protective equipment, including respirators where necessary. > Request non-latex gloves if allergic to latex. > Use tools to apply or handle hazardous agents. » Avoid recapping needles and use safe and effective alternatives where available. > Learn where emergency eyewash stations are located. > Dispose of hazardous agents in proper containers. {Using Assessment, dysfunction. people at risk for safety * Assessing clients at risk for accidents and injury involves * Noting pertinent indicators in the nursing history and physical examination * Using specifically developed risk assessment tools. * Evaluating the client’s home environment.Using Assessment, identify people at risk for safety dysfunction. ¢ Nursing History & Physical Examination: * Nursing history may reveal the data about the client’s safety practices and risks for injury. * Data including age and developmental level ; General health status; mobility status; presence or absence of physiological or perceptual deficits such as olfactory , visual , tactile , taste or other sensory impairments. * A safety history also needs to include the clients’ awareness of hazards , knowledge of safety precautions.Using Assessment, identify people at risk for safety CON t (ela * Risk Assessment: * Risk assessment tools are available to determine clients at risk both for specific kinds of injury , such as falls , or for the general assessment necessary to keep the client safe in their homes and in health care settings. * Risks could be poor vision , cognitive dysfunction (confusion , disorientation , impaired memory , impaired gait , difficulty walking). * Difficulty getting in and out of chair or bed. * Orthostatic hypotension. * Urinary frequency. * Weakness from disease.Using Assessment, identify people at risk for safety dysfunction. * Home Hazard Appraisal: * Hazards in home are major causes of falls , fires , poisoning , suffocation , and other accidents such as those caused by improper use of household equipment , tools , and cooking utensils. dy & COOD OQOOD DODO !