Module 1
• Define the self according to
different philosophers
• Describe the self based on the
philosophical view
• Apply the philosophical view of
self in real life situation
• How would you characterize your self?
• What makes you stand out from the
rest? What makes your self special?
• How has your self transformed itself?
• How is your self connected to your
body?
• How is your self related to other
selves?
• What will happen to your self after you
die?
“Without this work on
yourself, life is worthless"
SOCRATES: “Know Thyself"
A classical Greek philosopher and is one
of the founders of Western philosophy.
The most egalitarian of philosophers and
believed that anyone could do
philosophy.
“No one is more hated
than he who speaks the
truth"
PLATO: The Ideal Self, the Perfect Self
Asserts that societies have a tripartite
class structure corresponding to the
appetite, spirit, reason structure of the
individual soul
The appetite, spirit, reason stand for
different parts of the body.
An early Christian theologian
and philosopher
The bishop of Hippo Regius,
which is modern-day Algeria
“We don’t encounter
ourselves as isolated
minds or selves, but
rather always as agents
interacting with our
environment."
RENE DESCARTES: “I think, therefore I am"
“It is not enough to have
good talent, the main thing
is apply it well."
Touraine, France
Educated by Jesuits in traditional
Aristotelian philosophy
Joined the Dutch army, moved to the
Bavarian army
DAVID HUME: The self is a bundle, Theory of Mind
“All knowledge degenerates
into probability."
May 7, 1711, Edinburgh,
Scotland
Died August 25, 1776
Scottish philosopher, historian,
economist, and essayist known
especially for his philosophical
empiricism and scepticism
IMMANUEL KANT: Respect for Self
“Thoughts without content
are empty, intuitions without
concepts are blind."
Groundwork for Metaphysics of Morals –
1785 after American Revolution and
Before French - rights
Morality is about respect for persons
Informs contemporary thought
JOHN LOCKE: Personal Identity
“Personal identity depends
on consciousness not on
substance."
He considered personal identity to be
founded on consciousness, and not on
the substance of either the soul or the
body
Personal identity depends on
consciousness, not on substance nor on
the soul
Tell something about you, your
characteristics, hobbies, and
goals in life.
