Unit 1, Page 1 / 7

Unit 1, NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS

Q 1: Choose the correct option.
i. What does two or more computers connected together is called?
A.GPS C. Network
B. Modem D. LAN
ii. Which device is used to initiate the transmission of data?
A. Receiving Device C. Sending Device
B. Transmission Device D. Communication Device
iii. Which is the device used to send and receive information over telephone lines.

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A. WAN C. Client
B. Modem D. Computer

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iv. Resource shared is called?
A. Switch C. Server
B. WAN D. Client
v. How much area does a WAN covers?
A. A City
B. An Organization
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C. A Continent
D. A Room
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vi. What is the cable called that has a foil jacket in it to prevent noise and cross talk?
A. STP C. Coaxial Cable
B. UTP D. Fiber Optics
vii. What material is fiber optics cable made of?
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A. Glass Fibers C. Copper Wires

B. Insulator D. Foil
viii. Which technology is used for weather forecasting?
A. GPS C. Satellite Communication
B. Twisted Pair D. Coaxial Cables
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ix. How many times in a day a GPS satellite moves around the earth?
A. Twice C. Four times
B. Thrice D. Five times
x. Cellular communication is based on?
A. Cables C. Cells
B. Insulator D. Satellite
Q 2: Fill in the Blanks.
i. A ____________ is termed as communication device. Modem

ii. The ______________ holds all the resources required by a network. Server

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iii. A computer can be a ___________ device. Sending/receiving

iv. A LAN shares common resources in___________. Localized area
v. Routers, __________ and ________ are used to connect LAN. Switches and bridges
vi. A _____________ is a network that covers a city. MAN

vii. NIC is a computer hardware used to connect a computer to a __________. Network

viii. Twisted Pair Cables are _______________. Transmission media
ix. A Coaxial Cable is made of a ____________ wire. Conducting

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x. Bluetooth technology is a ____________ technology that connects devices at nearby distance.
Wireless

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Q 3: Match the Column:
Column A Column B Match with Column A

i. LAN Analog & Digital Signals Computers connected

ii. GPS -1
Braided Shield
in a building

Aviation
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iii. Server Computers Connected in Shares its resources
a building

iv. Coaxial Cable Aviation Braided Shield

v. Dial Up Modem Shares its resources Analog & Digital
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Signals
Glass Fibers
Q 4:
Differentiate between the following:
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i. Client and Server

The computer which uses the resources of a server is called as client workstation. BUT
The Server is the computer which offers its resources and services to the other computers on
network
ii. LAN and MAN
The network of computers confined in a building is called a LAN (Local Area Network) and A
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) is an interconnection of multiple LANs within a city and
sometimes in more than one city as well.

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iii. GPS and Bluetooth

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite based navigation system. GPS works in any
weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day. But Bluetooth creates a Personal Area
Network (PAN) for its users. It enabled devices to connect to each other within a short range. iv.
Sender and Receiver
A sender is a device which is used to transmit the data over the network. Sender may be a computer
system, a laptop, a mobile phone etc. But a receiver is a device which accepts the data or
information transmitted by the sender over the network.

v. MAN and WAN

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A MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) is an interconnection of multiple LANs within a city and

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sometimes in more than one city as well. But WAN (Wide Area Network) spreads over a vast
geographical area, i.e. across countries or continents. The distance between computers connected
in WAN is wider.

Q 5: Define the following:

i. Network Interface Card
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A Network Interface Card (NIC) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to
a network. The purpose of the Network Interface Card is to prepare, send, and control data on the
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network. It is the physical interface between the computer and cable.
ii. Transmission Medium
Transmission Medium through which data is transformed from one place to another is called transmission
or communication medium.
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iii. Physical Transmission Medium

The physical path over which communication takes place is called the physical transmission
medium. Following types of cables are used as transmission medium:
• Twisted-pair cable
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• Coaxial cable
• Fiber Optic cable
iv. Coaxial Cable
A Coaxial cable is an insulated copper cable used to carry high frequency data signals such as
voice, images, videos and text. It can also be used in computer networks.
v. Shielded Twisted Pair Cable
Twisted pair cable consists of pairs of insulated copper wires twisted together which each of the
two copper wires that are twisted together are coated with an insulating coating that functions as a
ground for the wires.

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Q 6: Give brief answer of the following:

i. Define Network Components.
The following are the basic four elements of a network:
• Sender
A Sender is a device which is used to transmit the data over the network.
• Receiver
A Receiver is a device which accepts the data or information transmitted by the sender
over the network.
• Communication device
A device that encodes and transmits data over the physical or wireless medium is called

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communication device e.g. Modem and NIC.
• Transmission medium

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A Transmission medium is a path used to send and receive data from the communication
device. The transmission medium may be wired (telephone lines) or wireless (air)

ii. What are advantages of LAN? Advantages

•
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of LAN
Implementation is simple.
Remote access and sharing
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• Low cost
• Reliability and security
• Fast communication and data transmission.
• Addition of new computer to network is easy.
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iii. State some disadvantages of WAN.

Disadvantages of WAN
• Setting up a WAN is expensive and complicated.
• Security is a real threat when different people have the access to use information from other
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computers.
• Protection from hackers and viruses add more expense.
• Once set up, maintenance of a network is a full-time job which requires network engineers.
iv. What is Computer Network?
A network is defined as an interconnection of two or more computers to facilitate
communication and resource sharing. Common resources are printers, disk storage, access to the
internet and data resources like files, Databases, Programs and Software Applications.

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v. Write a short note on Bluetooth technology.

This wireless technology helps Bluetooth-enabled devices to connect to each other within a short
range. Bluetooth creates a Personal Area Network (PAN) for its users. Cell phones, for example,
can be paired with headsets using Bluetooth.

Q 7: Give detailed answer of the following:

i. What are different types of Computer Network? Explain any two of them.
Following are the common types of computer network:
• Local Area Network (LAN)
• Metropolitan Area Network(MAN)

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• Wide Area Network (WAN)

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1. Local Area Network (LAN)
The network of computers confined in a building is called a LAN (Local Area Network). Many
business organizations are implementing LAN to obtain the following benefits.
• File and data sharing
• Physical resource sharing
• Communication
• Application sharing
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• User authentication and management
• Implementation of privileges, permissions and restrictions in order to ensure controlled
access and security of the computer resources.
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ADVANTAGES
• Implementation is simple.
• Remote access and sharing
• Low cost
• Reliability and security
•
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Fast communication and data transmission.

• Addition of new computer to network is easy.

DISADVANTAGES
• If server is down, all clients are affected.
• LAN requires maintenance.

2. Wide Area Network (WAN)

The term Wide Area Network (WAN) is used in a computer network which spreads over a vast
geographical area, i.e. across countries or continents. The distance between computers connected
in WAN is wider.

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ADVANTAGES
• Twenty four hours remote access to company's data resources.
Fast, efficient and cheap means of communication.
• Reduction of cost of business management e.g. travelling,
stationary, office keeping.

DISADVANTAGES
• Setting up a WAN is expensive and complicated. The larger the network, the more expensive
it is.
• Security is a real threat when different people have the access to use information from other

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computers.
• Protection from hackers and viruses add more expense.

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• Once set up, maintenance of a network is a full-time job.

ii. Write a detailed note on Dial-up Modem.

Dial up Modem

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Dial up modem is a device that allow the users to connect computers using telephone line, to
communicate with other computers over the Internet. The communication through modem takes
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place by transferring digital and analog signals. The modem converts digital signal into analog
signal which is known as modulation and converts analog signal into digital signal.
The limitations of a Dial-Up Modem are
• Slow Speed
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• If telephone line is connected with internet, the line cannot be used for phone calls.
• Telephone cables are weaker to signal distortion and noise.
iii. Explain satellite communication in detail.

Satellite Communication
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A Communication Satellite is an artificial satellite stationed in space for the purpose of

telecommunications. It is launched by a rocket and placed in a specific orbit around the earth.
There are hundreds of satellites in operation around the world. Communication Satellite receives
radio signals from one base station and transmits to the destination base station situated thousands
of miles away.
These satellites are used for WAN communications, weather forecasting, television transmission,
radio communications, and internet access in Global Positioning System (GPS).

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Global Positioning System (GPS)

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system covered of 24

satellites, their base stations and GPS receivers all over the world. GPS is a satellite based
navigation system. GPS is used for finding paths it helps the pilots in aviation to monitor their
path. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day. GPS satellites
revolve around the earth in a very specific orbit and transmit signals to earth. GPS receivers take
this information and calculate the user's location.

iv. What do you understand by GPS? Explain.

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Global Positioning System (GPS)

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system covered of 24

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satellites, their base stations and GPS receivers all over the world. GPS is a satellite based
navigation system. GPS is used for finding paths it helps the pilots in aviation to monitor their
path. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day. GPS satellites

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revolve around the earth in a very specific orbit and transmit signals to earth. GPS receivers take
this information and calculate the user's location.

v. Explain the function of cellular communication.

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Cellular Communication
Cellular Communication is based on mobiles or cell phones as sending or receiving device. This
device can be in a basic geographic service area (called a cell) which is created by network of radio
wave transmitters (the radio towers). A cellular communication system uses a large number of low
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power wireless transmitters to create cells. As mobile users travel from cell to cell, their
conversation is handed over to the respective cell in order to maintain reliable communication
service.
In wireless communication a network that serves a small area is called a cell. When joined together
these cells provide radio coverage over a wide geographic area which is called Cellular Network.
The key features of Cellular networks are:
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• Increase capacity than a single large transmitter.

• Less power consumption at client side.

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