Problem-solving techniques

General problem-solving strategies Domain-specific, problem-solving tactics

1. Drawing diagrams 1. Discriminants (repeated roots,

2. Working backwards tangents etc.)
3. Considering extreme cases 2. Completing the square (including for
4. Trying numbers to get a feel for a problem factorising)
(which numbers are tried may well be 3. Translation of curves so key point is at
domain-specific) the origin
5. Testing the reasonableness of intermediate 4. Scaling angle problems so that a key
stages length is 1
6. Thinking about whether there is any useful 5. Adding axes/coordinates to a diagram
information that you have not used 6. Adding parameters (minimum
7. Thinking about what you do know and what number), e.g., vector diagrams
you can work out 7. Using a substitution to make equation
8. List the steps you need to go through to get simpler, e.g., hidden quadratics
to the answer 8. Using vectors to solve problems not
9. Is there insight to be gained from solving a posed in terms of vectors
simpler version of the problem?
9. Spotting factorisations such as
having bracket
10. Look for similar shapes in geometry
problems
11. Look for right-angles in geometry
problems
12. Logs if variable in exponent

+ 2 from Colin Foster

 Adding auxiliary lines in geometry
problems
 Use of Venn/tree/Carroll diagrams
for probability problems