TASK 1 - USE OF ENGLISH
1. No couples live together before marriage in Islamic countries.
[UNHEARD]
2. __________________________________BEFORE MARRIAGE IN ISLAMIC
COUNTRIES.
3. I said I didn’t mind lending a hand on condition that I could get the
time. [WILLING]
4. I SAID ______________________________AS I COULD GET THE TIME.
5. It’s not unusual that people should feel discouraged after their first
attempt at abstract painting. [TEND]
6. _________________________________________________________________________
7. Make sure to post these letters for me. [SEE]
8. PLEASE _________________________________POSTED.
9. Someone broke into our house overnight. [BROKEN]
10. WE HAD ___________________________ .
11. There was a 30% increase in prices due to inflation. [UP]
12. INFLATION CAUSED ________________________________________ .
13. He used to be an alcoholic but now he’s a fully reformed
character. [LEAF]
14. HE USED TO BE AN ALCOHOLIC BUT NOW
______________________________.
15. In a very short space of time, a cholera epidemic swept across
the nation. [OUTBREAK]
16. IN NEXT____________________________________________ WILDFIRE
ACROSS THE NATION.
17. I think you should consider real-time traffic conditions during
the journey. [OUGHT]
18. I THINK REAL-TIME TRAFFIC CONDITIONS _________________________
ACCOUNT.
19. There was an outcry when the government decided to put up
taxes again. [ARMS]
20. PEOPLE _______________________________ DECISION TO PUT UP TAXES
AGAIN.
21. I have formed the impression that he’s rather arrogant.
[STRIKES]
22. HE __________________________________BEING RATHER SNOBBISH.
23. The teacher said my contribution to the debate had no relevance
at all. [DISMISSED]
24. THE TEACHER ____________________________________ IRRELEVANT.
25. He gives the impression of being a choosy kind of person.
[ACROSS]
26. HE ______________________________________A CHOOSY KIND OF PERSON.
27. We cannot blame the current diplomatic row between France and
the UK on the Prime Minister. [HELD]
28. THE PRIME MINISTER ___________________________________THE
CURRENT DIPLOMATIC ROW BETWEEN FRANCE AND THE UK.
29. Professor Easton is so greatly admired by his colleagues for his
ground-breaking work in particle physics that they revere him as an
idol. [SUCH]
30. PROFESSOR EASTON’S GROUND-BREAKING
____________________REVERE HIM AS AN IDOL.
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TASK 2 - CLOZE TEST
Please fill in the blanks with ONE suitable word:
Some people have a touching faith in the intelligence and sensitivity
of dolphins. A long scientific study has recently reported ___________ 1
they are ______________ 2 highly intelligent that, given the chance, they
would spend their time reading the London Review of Books and
listening to Wagner. As far as I’m concerned, the height of dolphin-
kind’s achievements are in a dolphinarium, where they learn
______________ 3 to jump out of a pool to snatch a fish from a blonde in a
wet suit. I completely _______________ 4 to understand ______________ 5,
armed with ______________ 6 slender evidence, people can make their
extraordinary claims for the swimming mammal’s superior
brainpower. Dogs, after all, can be trained in much the same way but
_____________ 7 anyone to ______________ 8 similar claims of massive IQ for
a dog ______________ 9 a stick would be clearly ridiculous. If dolphins are
_______________ 10 clever, how come they keep _______________ 11 caught
in those tuna nets? I can’t understand _______________ 12 they don’t
swim the other way. Have they got highly developed communication
skills or haven’t they? _______________ 13 dolphins are playful is
indisputable, as is the ________________ 14 that ________________ 15 them
to do tricks is relatively easy. The purely coincidental fact
_______________ 16 their mouth structure makes them look to humans
_________________ 17 in normal critical awareness as if they are smiling
and thoroughly enjoying themselves is not, however, a ________________
18 of intelligence. During the Cold War, the US Navy trained dolphins
to _______________ 19 out highly dangerous mine-clearing work. If
anything, _______________ 20 strikes me as conclusive proof of lack of
intelligence.
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TASK 3 - WORD TRANSFORMATIONS
Mexico has a long and ________________ (FASCINATE) history. For some
people, Mexico is ________________ (SYNONYM) with the Aztecs, who
dominated the country from the 14th century until they declined in
the sixteenth, as a result of _______________ (CONQUER) by the Spanish
and disease. But before the arrival of Europeans, a number of
_______________ (CIVILISE) existed in different parts of Mexico, going
back at least to the Olmecs. The Olmecs are virtually _______________
(KNOW) now, but they flourished for over a millennium, from around
1500 BCE.
Mexico from the Olmecs to the Aztecs, by Michael D. Coe and Rex
Koontz is an excellent introduction to the period and a very
________________ (INSTRUCT) guide to these early _______________
(INHABIT) . The authors draw on ______________ (NUMBER) recent
_______________ (DISCOVER), and discuss topics ranging from the
beginnings of agriculture and writing to _______________ (RISE) against
the ruling elite.
Of particular interest is the authors’ discussion of recent
developments in radiocarbon dating. The ________________ (IMPLY) of
these are likely to transform our understanding of the timescale of
the region.
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TASK 4 - GRAMMAR
USING PRESENT AND PAST MODALS OF DEDUCTION
Examples:
It is possible that Jack knows the answer. = Jack MAY KNOW the
answer.
Maybe, Lucy has already bought some chicken for tomorrow’s dinner
party. = Lucy MAY ALREADY HAVE BOUGHT some chicken for
tomorrow’s dinner party.
I’m sure he’s sleeping now. = He MUST BE SLEEPING now.
I’m sure he’s NOT sleeping now. = He CAN’T BE SLEEPING now.
I’m sure he’s loved the show from start to end. = He MUST HAVE
LOVED the show from start to end.
1. Maybe, he’s tired now.
2. HE _________________________ TIRED NOW.
3. It is possible that they will dislike the food in this hotel.
4. THEY ________________________________THE FOOD IN THIS HOTEL.
5. I’m sure you’re hungry.
6. YOU _______________________HUNGRY.
7. I’m sure he’s not in Paris at the moment.
8. HE _____________________________IN PARIS AT THE MOMENT.
9. It is possible that Francis has already seen this movie.
10. FRANCIS __________________________ THIS MOVIE.
11. It is only a remote possibility but I think another war will come at
some point in the future.
12. ANOTHER WAR ______________________________AT SOME POINT IN THE
FUTURE.
13. Maybe, a new virus is spreading in China.
14. A NEW VIRUS ______________________________ IN CHINA.
15. I’m sure you were dreaming when you saw a ghost the other day.
16. YOU ______________________________WHEN YOU SAW A GHOST THE
OTHER DAY.
17. It is quite certain that Robert didn’t say that.
18. ROBERT ________________________________THAT.
19. It’s very likely that Hanna did that on purpose. I know what she’s
like.
20. HANNA _______________________ ON PURPOSE. I KNOW WHAT SHE’S
LIKE.
21. Of course, you’ve been waiting for ages to be seen by one of the
doctors, I expect.
22. YOU _______________________________ FOR AGES TO BE SEEN BY ONE
OF THE DOCTORS.
23. There’s no way you’ve seen this movie before! It only came out
yesterday!
24. YOU _________________________ THIS MOVIE BEFORE! IT ONLY CAME
OUT YESTERDAY.
