Atomic gStauctune » FunpamentaL Partstves Moss Char Etectron MAIO 7kg © | -tox10 2 Proton 1.692107 Fg +16x10'2 44 Nevtron 1-04 x107kg 4 } zero o * Discovery of €lectron Cathode Rays | Anode rays » Ts0- Series Tsotores : \H {H 7H TsowaRs : thy “Ca Tsotones : 3x co TSOELECTRONIC: (0, Az» CNT 2g, : TsoDIAPHERS: [4-27] ZU ao TS0STERS: fyotecules] Co, Ne Pai ke -Ve Ne @ AToMic MopeLs * aes mass, energy. penetyation © 7-7 Thomson Model : * ae 4 Peer’ woaterentlon _-+ve all around ; ~ fea a beded | Plum Puddi selectrons erider oo | Ta epi (@n charge] Same | not same, Qvaw Back Oe i ee cet Sty Others rece A-re] when they strike tung sten|Molybiea0t) Proton Travels in Straignt tine | Straight Direction —cathod@ Anode 40 +o Anode | cathode * Discovery of Neutron - Tames Chéluvich gee ieee Be rie iC +n @ fRepresentatioN OF ELEMENT a A ax number AAD | Results bea . iv: 22) atomic number Aero. of nevtyons} REA Lo! | n=» no: of nevtrons no. of protons Rawdteus = (07'S, (nucleond | | R= Ro (AMY, pjay aoruber NOTE: - aeVe 1.6x10"T units of energy Sst - 107 ergs 10% units of distane << se 4 ot inm- 40m Tonic potential/ gas i | (racer | Geferaent) | © Rutherford « - Seattering Tre tydoge, termed as | sou T=] experireent a) A particle ome | Pb slit dos Observ" I Most went straight | | cfs were degtected by $m | avery Fut io 20,000) deflect Gold foil neucleons +m conclusions: ~ jrMost of the Space anside the atons | is enapty- jotve Chavged Sphere is present ot cert @ of any nuctews) | LinarTATIONS + a | could not a ee distrib" of & | stability of atom 4' yar Nature Or agit Cravticte « fuoto- Evecrnsc - Ereecr wave NATURE OF LIGHT: 4 Eramision of & frona pee [(- ractal surface by Tat » = falling of photort of at oe dish Aurtable ever gy trough Photo-electric effect :- save ents Distance bw 2 consecutive — yoork func. (@) +» Minimum energy 124 erat and trough “Freshold Freqertey « Minimiomn “F" xe wove rrumber= 170. of waves per unit £9 hee 4 0D hold wavelength: Maximum ‘A” re (B+ 42) length ves! 4 | x 3 | i) | pequency - No: of voaves posing through i Moccia point in one Deol Gite offs] KINETIC Enenay OF ETECTED ] | ener ponplitude Height of crest or depth Baqeciagth Cob etree of energy e Of og Er= EKO wloty- Distance ‘travelled per onit fine er baD (vy) (mfse) Se ie aK of ejected ee en 4 flectaomaqnetic Waves | 7 Photocorrent Depeedls Trrensity E- axioms] Ts is No. ejected \ at ED oF Tatts Frequency ace : saat i : “io EMw | wos | NE | ee a ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM Goomic & Croys ek rays CU evisible 1Re Micro A) : ay ibe eV: -2 rer 22 oe ou) i — Ewergy + Limitations of Bohy model i= | ee vPe rte - 1:2: -i] Applicable only for single © Specks couldnot eaplain Debroglies A & HUE = EQ as we move auny from nodes and spliting of spiral lines ina E46 fBe-.-- ebm the presences of electric Ge GTark GEFE + Eneigy difference Ea-E, >-E,> Fy. Magnetic field G@eeman errct) * Ew-0 *(Be= 1300 (4, - 4) ev) @ WAVE MecuanrcaL Mover : —— ca aaa OE aE Gctrodinger) Tonisation Energy auurad € to be wave GS — Infinity shell » . . oe ee (9 (n-0d ay, dy, Jyu+ Bim(eny-0 TE = 13-62" SP en “E> 13-67 (ScrpopmGeR WAVE £a"] n © Hypr Ap = wave fen PUDROGENs Orecrptl «NODES ur Probability @) Discontinovs . aybine aEmissION BAL odes ie neb-d t . 0 \" es:e. Nake: non ETD owt : Angular Nodes='L > Series total Nodes? n-4 Tet My 2.3. 18 “ss + Nodal Plane = L ‘ Taman uv s fe) Y MERIT ZTE Region where probability of findin 2) BALMER-Vis 9 PFUND-IR q Cie zd)” yruo Z)PASCHEN-IR 4)HUMPHERY ~' IR ’ ) ie = Rydhberg’s constant | 1 | } eqaxidlt 2= Rus 1-4 x10'e Ho UIAP tum Num@ers 2 aM : : 00 arbors agnncht 1elld a? at nee " vet energy Of ©? substell on, pitt OF @ Pawarce wy) ws Sheil /Oret a gives rdea of elechon ; + Max no of ew (20 = Orbit Angular mome vadius, energy © AzzmvTHal [ SvesroARY (ap) a subshell ayaues 5 bo Spherical Poet dumbbell d U2 dovble dumb bell f 48 complex "1 ave values fom 0 to Od) rea} * Reson for half-filled and | > orbital Prquiar Momentum> Q@MAGNETIC (™4)or(m) > Number and ortertation of orbital) am value from —L to tL sno. of orbitals ina shell er) Ospin (5) or (Ms) Clockwise ( >twovalues Se ahi eectloe ) 2 + An orbital can accommodate 2e7 @ d-orbitel > Opposite spin (A) Noonetic Moment = Sainte) BM * (W) Tae ec) Dimagnetic - Zero unpaired & QM z-10, ne = {He} 25° 2p Toowagnetic- at (east sxpair detron =n, S¢ -(Aue 3d? velocity, name moral GELecTRONIC CoNFIGURATTON l ee can BY Of election SETS Single especies | » Erie ney etepencts erly or @y y z be NO ea) (CASES 2. Multiple & Spectes | [e% nag 4 (Al) is same then (Eee) FQ: 182 9829p 4 454. apalys | @ Aureav pore :- ; © are pitted in | increasing order f | of enter gies | ® Pauis's Exccuston Panerpye :. No two & cart have sare value Of all ty quantum numbers ® Hond's Rue OF MaxryM MULTIPLICITY : - Faring of © % alone only wher each orbital comtaines one evectron of" sarnespin | | | Fu fully filled stability :- 1) Syrarmetrical distribution of e7 i) Exchange Energy SHabittty) | ® Share OF Orertars @ S-orGital Spherical y fe Xo, | @ P-orbital a ma | dombbell NP-¥z. “pexz NRexY? Non- axial (daysdyy? ee) hvala ary || Se -he — | day, dyndex— dxty® da L.No. of waves = Orbit No. |, gare na