LAB 4
8051 ASSEMBLER
DIRECTIVES
INTRODUCTION
These directives change the state of the assembler,
define user symbols, and add information to the
object file.
1. Address Control
2. Symbol Definition
3. Memory Initialization
4. Others
ASSEMBLER DIRECTIVES
1. Address Control
ORG, USING
2. Symbol Definition
Generic Symbols: EQU, SET
Address Symbols: BIT, DATA, XDATA
SFR Symbols: sfr, sbit
3. Memory Initialization
DB, DW, DD
4. Others
END
EQU & SET DIRECTIVES - EXAMPLES
LIMIT EQU 1200
VALUE EQU LIMIT – 200
SERIAL EQU SBUF
ACCU EQU A
COUNT EQU R5
VALUE SET 100
COUNTER SET R1
TEMP SET COUNTER
TEMP SET VALUE * VALUE
EQU & SET DIRECTIVES
Symbols defined with EQU may not have been
previously defined by EQU and may not be redefined by
any means (EQU/SET).
• The SET directive allows later redefinition of
symbols.
EQU & SET DIRECTIVES
x equ 10h
x set 45h ;error
x equ 45h ;error
counter set r1
counter set r2
counter equ r2
BIT, DATA, AND XDATA
The BIT, DATA and XDATA directives assigns
an address value to the specified symbol.
Symbols defined with the BIT, DATA and
XDATA directives may not be changed or
redefined.
FORMAT
symbol BIT bit_address defines a BIT symbol
symbol DATA data_address defines a DATA symbol
symbol XDATA xdata_address defines a XDATA symbol
TERMS EXPLANATION
symbol is the name of the symbol to define. The
symbol name can be used anywhere an address of
this memory class is valid.
bit_address is the address of a bit in internal data
memory in the area20H .. 2FH
data_address is a data memory address in the
range 0 to 127 or a special function register (SFR)
address in the range 128 .. 255.
xdata_address is an xdata memory address in the
range 0 to 65535.
ASSEMBLER DIRECTIVES
DATA
Used to define a name for memory locations
SP DATA 0x81 ;special function registers
MY_VAL DATA 0x44 ;RAM location
Address, number, Arithmetic expression
EQU
Used to create symbols that can be used to represent
registers, numbers, and addresses
LIMIT EQU 2000
VALUE EQU LIMIT – 200 + 'A'
SERIAL EQU SBUF
COUNT EQU R5
MY_VAL EQU 0x44
Registers, addresses, numbers,
Arithmetic expression
SFR SBIT
sfr sfr_symbol = address;
sbit sfr_symbol = bit-address;
sfr_symbol is the name of the special function
register (SFR) symbol to define.
address is an SFR address in the range 0x80 –
0xFF.
bit-address is address of an SFR bit in the format
address ^ bitpos or sfr_symbol ^ bitpos. address or
sfr_symbol refers to an bit- addressable SFR and
bitpos specifies the bit position of the SFR bit in
the range 0 – 7.
EXAMPLES
sfr P0 = 0x80;
sfr P1 = 0x90;
sbit P0_0 = P0^0;
sbit P1_1 = 0x90^1;
ASSEMBLER DIRECTIVE - EXAMPLE
Org 0
limit equ 10h
symbol Set 20h
x bit 0
y data 30h
sbit P_Sensor= P0.0
mov y,#limit
mov y,#symbol
setb x
mov p0,#0
setb P_Sensor
clr P_Sensor
end
MEMORY INITIALIZATION
The memory initialization directives are
used to initialize code or constant space
in byte units.
DB DIRECTIVE
The DB directive initializes code memory with
8-bit (1 byte) values. The DB directive has the following
format:
label: DB expression , expression …
where
label is the symbol that is given the address of the
initialized memory.
expression is a byte value. Each expression may be a
symbol, a character string, or an expression.
DB DIRECTIVE - EXAMPLES
Org 10h
DB 1,2,3,4,5,6
Org 100h
REQ: DB 1,2,3,4,5,6
TABLE: DB 0,1,8,'A','0', ';'
ZERO: DB 0, '‘ ''
