pete CONCEPT NOTE Crear icd Mauryan Empire arfsrgres Mauryan empire was originated from Magadha in the Indo- Gangetic plains. Cre STE GeS SAT. eT CHAT NALS AT CAT | * Different views on the origin of the Mauryas Cirtreata Bs ofSa fata fafea TOT According to i) Puranas - They were shudras ii) The Junagarh Rock inscription - They were Vaishya origin Vishakhadatta's Mudrakshasa - They were connected with Nandas. iv) Buddhist - Sakya Kshatriya clan ) Sarre aC - 9H eee ii) Gatory Prentety - costars tay yer walt ii) FMA Sa TEA - THATS COSTS IMS Slat iv) CAPRA ICS - Tey AAT A Sources of Mauryan History (Cie 2fS2r7a Gey) 1. Literarey Sources (Hfafere Bex) 1) Kautilya's "Arthashastrea” - Kautilya was also known as Chankya or Vishnugupta, The Arthashastra work, in Sanskrit is a comprehensive treatise on statecraft and Public administration. Bitene weeny - iene OTs aT Pes sre Gear Cafe HFS TAT BUTT TIT TRAY OS MALT ITA IS FATS TE! Megasthenese’s “Indica” - Megasthenese was a Greek ambassador of Seleucas Nicator in the court of chandragupta Maurya. It refers to Mauryan administration, 7 caste system, absence of slavery ect. 7 castes in India- i)The philosophers, (ii) Peasants, (ii) Herdsmen & Shepherds (iv)Artisans & Traders (v) Soldiers & Warriors (vi) Magistrates or Superintendents (vi) Councillors & Assessors Gontéhrer eer - Comshe bes CIs TepTETT cBTeey ACERT Als aq eaten VSS A ses, 9 wis Tey, TT MRS ors Tar! wae A GTS. RTE, (i) FI, (iil) MEMTS OTe cnet za (vu PR ore Daa vy) CS GIS CAPA (vi) REPT T RES (vii) SPATS Ors EMIS Vishakhadatta's Mudraraakshasa - drama in Sanskrit. It describes how chandragupta with the help of Kautilya Overthrew the Nandas. FMS YAPEH - HS AGS Siders WATS PASSA UTS THISTE CweTe CoRR BATS SAT BAI LAK | Ce eee ey eranArchaeological Sourc Bs 1. Ashokan Edicts and Inscriptions- The inscription of Ashoka were first deciphered by James Princep (1837).They were written in Pali, Prakrit language reese PETIA CITES PTAA SAT COTTA SPAT (sb09) HiGART ARCATA ate, SPS wrens fre ARTI other inscriptions like Junagadh Rock Inscriptions of Rudradaman etc ORTTAD Prentety CIA SATA GAITG Frente FO Chandragupta Maurya (322 BC - 298 BC) * Chandragupta was the founders of Mauryan dynasty * He at the young age of 25, captured Pataliputra the from the last ruler of the Nanda dynasty, Dhanannda with the help of Chankya. In 305 BC, he defeated Seleucus Nikator, who was Alexander's General controlling the north western India. Megastheness was a Greek Ambassador sent by Seleucus Nikator to the court of Chandragupta Maurya. The Justin, a Greek writer mention that Sandracottas (Chandragupta) overran the whole of India Chandragupta became a jain and went to South India, chandragiri Hill, with Bhadrabahu. w: ab) PASS UT MY Tes SASHA COE RE TRI IAT OTST HANS AH TO CTY AS LTH HVAT BHT HLT eal De woe Aw SS Vorahy CAS MART Fa TITS CITA COREY PBCTE ATS FE GUeBing wifes cofieery Meiers pees Cie aepTEIts STA SR Ste ae! Te Ts CRT Tees FATE A HANA GASH AAA SASAS TTVAT afar VASE CHA CE ATT CHS HART STATS DEAS MARAT ATI Bindusara (298 BC -283 BC) Chandragupta Maurya was succeeded by his son Bindusara Greeks called him - Amritochates meaning slayer of foes/ enemies (derived from the Sanskrit word Amritgatha). He is said to have carried his arms to the Deccan (Mysore). Tarantha, the Tibetan monk states the Bindusara conquered 16 states comprising the land between the two seas. Bindusara received Deimachus as ambassador from the Syrian King, Antiochus |. Bindusara wrote to Antiochus | asking for sweet wine, dried figs, and a sophist. Supported the Ajivikas, a religious sect. DaSS OM Pras coda a APH AAMNGS Tz | Texest CSS - Amritochates MAG FT LOTMA FHS “1% Amritgatha 4 AT Beem) get Gren fhe | Ce eee eeraye CoS Frere Cores wet CATRRS\ CM Confer fet CoPTaT =A oay, foams TANS Ts RPITS TOMA HOA TT BATS FTAA CTT eT TST Oe Shafer AerpiTaT? fefsara TOT UT AAO S TRS aT CHTERS THO oe ATS SAA Rapa aera aPoereata fd TH, SE GIS, UTS GaN BAB fers fT fritter | «hoy ieee aes BIRT Ashoka (273BC-232 BC) > Ashoka was the greatest ruler of Mauryan empire and succeeded to the throne after his father's (Bindusara) death. According to Buddhist tradition, Ashoka usurped the throne after killing his 99 brothers and Spared Tissa, the Yongest one. Bindusara appointed his elder son Susima on Sumana as viceroy of Taxila and Ashoka at Ujjain. Ashoka fought Kalinga war in 261 BC. As he was moved by the massacre of the Kalinga war, he gave up the idea of conquest by war and followed conquest by Dhamma. In other words he replaced Bherighosa with Dhammaghosa. He was noted to be the first emperor who gave up war. He was converted to Buddhism under the influnced of Buddhist monk, upagupta. Urs wet Gr Taare ON is UTE Fro FpTDT Wee Fes TENS Tz! AG AMAT CHP UMS HS GIG SEI ART AU dd TOS BOT ST BRED TA FAI fpr és cod ya Pore Uriitw oe UPTes Ute GoTT RRoren Fae fica DE Rwy AT GEMS Srey PH Pala! Beier Pas Vos Ss HRS waa aT ae COS Yas Gar OTe san GIT Se enfe war oTTs 4A ATH! aes CofcENAd TAS OS PACTTSH AAV © HOI Sa Sey ATS Roe cos Gewerarn CUT © HAHAH Steed sera cos Cara Of SET SAAT Ashokas Dhamma > The Dhamma according to Ashoka's edict is not a religion or religious system. Its broad objective was to preserve the social order, it obtained that people should obey their parents, pay respect to Brahmanas and Buddhist monks and show mercy to slaves and servants He appointed special officers called Dhamma Mahamantras to speed up the progress of Dhamma. He sent a mission to Sri Lanka under his son Mahendra and daughter Sangamitra. Ashoka convened the Third Buddhist council at Pataliputra in 240 BC. STR SET SPH ST CoAT af aT NA Tera AAA! BATS eT Seey oa APT SPT THT Fay, BT TAT ATR PQ AIST ST TTA Sha TT, STH BIE CATS TATE HAT BARS ALT BS PLATA AT ATA ATT > sofa amasts gatie sfaate cod sem rere apie fers farm fee safer > RETA FaT Meare aeaS Areata fiver ASTRA a errraye > Tene TPA r80 baw TofTIAS HST Ate TT OETA FI This Ashokan‘s inscriptions Ashok was the first ruler to issue edicts. Most of the inscriptions are composed in Brahmi Script (left to right) and in Prakrit language. OTT OTA ST TOTS Pca Pentel Gis BHARTI Cafein Renta art ite ade oat citerits OTs AGS SATS TAT PAAR! ns * Western Part was ruled by Kunala, son of of Ashoka and Eastern part by Dasaratha, one of the grand son of Ashoka. + The last rular Brihadratha, who was murdered by his general Pushyamitra Sunga. The Mauryan Art Pillars and Sculpture Clef Sea GE ONS THY The best example is the Sarnath Pillar, the four lions standing back to back and the figure of four animals (lion, elephant, horse and bull) in relief on the abacus, inverted lotus and the sacred Dharma Chakra all indicates a highly advanced form of art. Ban Gey brea 2a TAY we, Pisa Freer a te eer OAT Pe OTe Sarees Ffres HAG ont Fea Wa, cota STs WET VIPS, ere HTT GTS fee Of DEF GE HRTHTTATS Pr? ae US Caw Tova Behr HCA Stupas- The main purpose of building a Stupa was to enshrine some relics of Buddha or some great Buddhist monk. The best example of the Stupa is the Stupa at Sanchi Ur By Pais aH Gomes walt Tas FERN HATACTS ST CHICATAT WRN CAT HATAS HARE Sar! Grd Gor Gases 3a Hib wT Caves- The caves primarily served as residence for monks or churches and assembly halls. Caves in Barabar hills are the finest examples. BRI GACT YTS! HATA TT AST Ts HORT APTA Rory Pray SHAT TASS AT GAUL BAA GET GAIT a errr