Session Application Transport Presentation

HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol Telnet Teletype Networking Telnet Teletype Networking FTP File Transfer Protocol FTP File Transfer Protocol TCP TCP SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol POP Post Office Protocol POP Post Office Protocol IMAP Internet Mail Access Protocol IMAP Internet Mail Access Protocol TCP TCP

Sun Microsystems Sun Microsystems NIS Network Information System NIS Network Information System NFS Network File System NFS Network File System PMAP Port Mapper PMAP Port Mapper RSTAT Remote Statistics RSTAT Remote Statistics MOUNT Mount Server MOUNT Mount Server

XDR External Data Representation XDR External Data Representation DNS Domain Name Service DNS Domain Name Service DNSSEC Secure DNS DNSSEC Secure DNS WINS Windows Internet Name Service WINS Windows Internet Name Service TCP UDP TCP UDP RPC Remote Procedure Call RPC Remote Procedure Call

TCP UDP TCP UDP

TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCP Transmission Control Protocol

HIP Host Identity Payload HIP Host Identity Payload Mobile IP Mobile IP ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol v4/v6 ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol v4/v6 UDP UDP ARP Address Resolution Protocol ARP Address Resolution Protocol RARP Reverse ARP RARP Reverse ARP IARP Inverse ARP IARP Inverse ARP

Network

PPPoE PPPoE

SNAP Subnetwork Access Protocol

Datalink

LLC IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control

AAL ATM AAL ATM Adaptation Layer Adaptation Layer
155, 622 Mbps 1BASE-5 1BASE-5 StarLAN StarLAN UTP UTP 10BASE-5 100BASE-TX 1000BASE-T 10BASE-5 100BASE-TX 1000BASE-T thick coax UTP cat 5 UTP cat 5E thick coax UTP cat 5 UTP cat 5E 10BASE-2 100BASE-T4 1000BASE-SX 10BASE-2 100BASE-T4 1000BASE-SX thin coax UTP cat3 4 pairs MMF 850 nm thin coax UTP cat3 4 pairs MMF 850 nm 10BASE-T 100BASE-T 1000BASE-LX 10BASE-T 100BASE-T 1000BASE-LX UTP UTP cat3 2 pairs MMF/SMF 1310 nm UTP UTP cat3 2 pairs MMF/SMF 1310 nm 10BASE-F 100BASE-FX 1000BASE-CX 10BASE-F 100BASE-FX 1000BASE-CX fiber fiber STP 25 meters fiber fiber STP 25 meters 10BROAD-36 10BROAD-36 75 Copper 75 Copper EFMP pointEFMP pointto-multipoint to-multipoint EFMF EFMF point-to-point point-to-point EFMCu EFMCu point-to-point point-to-point VPWS VPWS VPLS VPLS 10GBASE-SR 10GBASE-SR MMF 850 nm serial MMF 850 nm serial 10GBASE-LR 10GBASE-LR SMF 1310 nm serial SMF 1310 nm serial 10GBASE-LX4 10GBASE-LX4 MMF/SMF 1310 nm MMF/SMF 1310 nm 10GBASE-ER 10GBASE-ER SMF 1550 nm serial SMF 1550 nm serial 10GBASE-SW 10GBASE-SW MMF 850 nm SDH MMF 850 nm SDH 10GBASE-LW 10GBASE-LW SMF 1310 nm SDH SMF 1310 nm SDH 10GBASE-EW 10GBASE-EW SMF 1550 nm SDH SMF 1550 nm SDH

Ethernet V2

IEEE 802.3

Physical

Ethernet

Fast Ethernet

Gigabit Ethernet

Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM)

IPSec VPN IPSec VPN

Ethernet over IP

PI revo gnihtyreve ,gnihtyreve revo PI

Voice over IP signalling
RSH Remote Shell RSH Remote Shell SSH Secure Shell SSH Secure Shell SFTP Secure FTP SFTP Secure FTP RLOGIN Remote Login RLOGIN Remote Login REXEC Remote Execution REXEC Remote Execution LPR Remote Print LPR Remote Print IPP Internet Printing Protocol IPP Internet Printing Protocol NTP Network Time Protocol NTP Network Time Protocol XNTP Extended NTP XNTP Extended NTP X Window System X Window System SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol H.323 protocol suite H.323 protocol suite H.245 Call Control H.245 Call Control H.225 Call Signalling H.225 Call Signalling RAS Registration, Admission and Status RAS Registration, Admission and Status T.120 Standard Suite T.120 Standard Suite TCP UDP TCP UDP SDP Session Description Protocol SDP Session Description Protocol SIP Session Initiation Protocol SIP Session Initiation Protocol MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol Megaco H.248 Megaco H.248 UDP UDP TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol TCP UDP TCP UDP TCP TCP TCP TCP IPSEC IP Security IPSEC IP Security IKE Internet IKE Internet Key Exchange Key Exchange JFK Just JFK Just Fast Keying Fast Keying UDP UDP RADIUS Remote Authentication RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service Dial-In User Service Kerberos Kerberos TCP UDP TCP UDP TLS Transport Layer Security TLS Transport Layer Security SSL Secure Sockets Layer SSL Secure Sockets Layer DHCP Dynamic Host DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Configuration Protocol BOOTP Bootstrap Protocol BOOTP Bootstrap Protocol UDP UDP SLP Service SLP Service Location Protocol Location Protocol LDAP Lighweight LDAP Lighweight Directory Access Directory Access Protocol Protocol TCP UDP TCP UDP CIFS Common CIFS Common Internet File System Internet File System TCP TCP RIP Routing Information Protocol RIP Routing Information Protocol BGP Border Gateway Protocol BGP Border Gateway Protocol OSPF Open Shortest Path First OSPF Open Shortest Path First Cisco (E)IGRP Cisco (E)IGRP UDP UDP DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol PIM Protocol Independent Multicast PIM Protocol Independent Multicast IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol NetBIOS NetBIOS rfc 1001/1002 rfc 1001/1002 TCP TCP RTP Real TimeTransport Protocol RTP Real TimeTransport Protocol RTCP Real Time Control Protocol RTCP Real Time Control Protocol UDP UDP TCP TCP UDP UDP SMB Server Message Block SMB Server Message Block TACACS Terminal Access TACACS Terminal Access Controller Access Control System Controller Access Control System UDP UDP

Microsoft Windows Networks

real time applications: multimedia, etc.

UDP User Datagram Protocol UDP User Datagram Protocol

IPSEC IP Security IPSEC IP Security ESP Encapsulated Security Payload ESP Encapsulated Security Payload AH Authentication Header AH Authentication Header

IP Internet Protocol v4/v6 IP Internet Protocol v4/v6

MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching

RSVP Resource Reservation RSVP Resource Reservation Setup Protocol Setup Protocol

PPP Point-to-Point Protocol PPP Point-to-Point Protocol

GRE Generic Route Encapsulation GRE Generic Route Encapsulation Minimal IP Minimal IP IP in IP IP in IP

L2TP Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol L2TP Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol

GPRS SNDCP GPRS SNDCP

LLC
LANE LANE LAN Emulation LAN Emulation IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.11 WLAN WLAN IEEE 802.5 IEEE 802.5 token ring token ring DOCSIS DOCSIS cable modem cable modem IEEE 802.15 IEEE 802.15 Bluetooth WPAN Bluetooth WPAN RFCOMM profile RFCOMM profile

ATM ATM
ADSL 8 Mbps ADSL 8 Mbps HDSL 2 Mbps HDSL 2 Mbps SDSL 2 Mbps SDSL 2 Mbps VDSL 52 Mbps VDSL 52 Mbps 802.11 1, 2 Mbps 802.11 1, 2 Mbps FH DPSK modulation FH DPSK modulation 802.11 1, 2 Mbps 802.11 1, 2 Mbps DS DPSK modulation DS DPSK modulation 802.11 1, 2 Mbps 802.11 1, 2 Mbps infra red infra red 802.11b 11 Mbps 802.11b 11 Mbps CCK modulation CCK modulation 802.11g 54 Mbps 802.11g 54 Mbps OFDM modulation OFDM modulation 802.11a 54 Mbps 802.11a 54 Mbps OFDM modulation OFDM modulation 802.11h 54 Mbps 802.11h 54 Mbps Transmission Power Transmission Power Control (TPC) Control (TPC) Dynamic Frequency Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) Selection (DFS) 4, 16, 100 4, 16, 100 Mbps Mbps STP STP fiber fiber 51 Mbps downstream 51 Mbps downstream 10 Mbps upstream 10 Mbps upstream 802.15 Bluetooth 802.15 Bluetooth 432,6 or 721/57,6 kbps 432,6 or 721/57,6 kbps 802.15.3 High Rate WPAN 802.15.3 High Rate WPAN 22, 33, 44, 55, 66 Mbps 22, 33, 44, 55, 66 Mbps 802.15.4 Low Rate WPAN 802.15.4 Low Rate WPAN < 200 kbps < 200 kbps serial serial interfaces interfaces V.24 V.24 V.35 2 Mbps V.35 2 Mbps G.703 G.703 V.92 56 kbps V.92 56 kbps V.34 33.6 kbps V.34 33.6 kbps ISDN 64 kbps ISDN 64 kbps GSM GSM GSM GSM TDM TDM EDGE EDGE

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) STM1/OC3: 155 Mbps STM1/OC3: 155 Mbps STM4/OC12: 622 Mbps STM4/OC12: 622 Mbps STM16/OC48: 2488 Mbps STM16/OC48: 2488 Mbps STM64/OC1924: 10 Gbps STM64/OC1924: 10 Gbps

10 Gigabit Ethernet 2.4 GHz WLAN 5 GHz WLAN